Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
2p 2p 2p 2p
,Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
2p 2p 2p 2p
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2p 2p 2p 2p
Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis 2p 2 p
1. Which intervention is appropriate for the infant hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed. 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
b. Administer antibiotics as ordered. 2p 2p 2p
c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
d. Give cool, humidified oxygen. 2p 2p 2p
ANSWER: D
2p 2p
Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss fro
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
m tachypnea. The infant should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30- to 40-
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
degree angle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pressur
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
e on the diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only if there i
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
s a secondary bacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If the infant is tac
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
hypneic, fluids are given parenterally to prevent dehydration.
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
2. An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncytia
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
l virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type of
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2
pisolation?
a. Reverse isolation 2p
b. Airborne isolation 2p
c. Contact Precautions 2p
d. Standard Precautions 2p 2
ANSWER: C
p 2p
RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washing,
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when entering the ro
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
om. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a contaminated glo
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ved hand. Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other children with RSV i
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
nfections. Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the infant. With RSV, other
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2
children need to be protected from exposure to the virus. The virus is not airborne.
p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiratio
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n. This suggests what condition?
2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign body in trachea 2p 2p 2p
ANSWER: A
2p 2p
Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset, f
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ever, and general malaise. Bronchiolitis is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2p 2p 2p 2p
virus. Foreign body in the trachea occurs with acute respiratory distress or failure and maybe str
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
idor.
4. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for an infant with acute bronchiolitis due t
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
o respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Activity Intolerance 2p
b. Decreased Cardiac Output 2p 2p
c. Pain, Acute 2p
d. Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (peripheral
2p 2p 2p
) ANS. A
2p 2p
Rationale 1: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Rationale 2: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Rationale 3: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Rationale 4: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Global Rationale: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
supply and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis.
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2
Pain is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not aff
p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ected by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Chapter 2: Asthma 2p 2p
1. The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized for status asthmaticus. Which assessment findin
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
g suggests that the childs condition is worsening?
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Hypoventilation
b. Thirst
c. Bradycardia
2p 2p 2p 2p
,Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
2p 2p 2p 2p
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2p 2p 2p 2p
Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis 2p 2 p
1. Which intervention is appropriate for the infant hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed. 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
b. Administer antibiotics as ordered. 2p 2p 2p
c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
d. Give cool, humidified oxygen. 2p 2p 2p
ANSWER: D
2p 2p
Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss fro
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
m tachypnea. The infant should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30- to 40-
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
degree angle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pressur
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
e on the diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only if there i
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
s a secondary bacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If the infant is tac
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
hypneic, fluids are given parenterally to prevent dehydration.
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
2. An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncytia
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
l virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type of
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2
pisolation?
a. Reverse isolation 2p
b. Airborne isolation 2p
c. Contact Precautions 2p
d. Standard Precautions 2p 2
ANSWER: C
p 2p
RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washing,
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when entering the ro
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
om. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a contaminated glo
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ved hand. Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other children with RSV i
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
nfections. Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the infant. With RSV, other
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2
children need to be protected from exposure to the virus. The virus is not airborne.
p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiratio
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n. This suggests what condition?
2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign body in trachea 2p 2p 2p
ANSWER: A
2p 2p
Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset, f
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ever, and general malaise. Bronchiolitis is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2p 2p 2p 2p
virus. Foreign body in the trachea occurs with acute respiratory distress or failure and maybe str
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
idor.
4. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for an infant with acute bronchiolitis due t
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
o respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Activity Intolerance 2p
b. Decreased Cardiac Output 2p 2p
c. Pain, Acute 2p
d. Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (peripheral
2p 2p 2p
) ANS. A
2p 2p
Rationale 1: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Rationale 2: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Rationale 3: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Rationale 4: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ed by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Global Rationale: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
supply and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis.
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2
Pain is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not aff
p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
ected by this respiratory-disease process.
2p 2p 2p 2p
Chapter 2: Asthma 2p 2p
1. The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized for status asthmaticus. Which assessment findin
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
g suggests that the childs condition is worsening?
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
a. Hypoventilation
b. Thirst
c. Bradycardia
