General Biology Final Exam Study Guide
The process by which a parent cell di-
Cell Division
vides into two or more daughter cells.
A mode of reproduction that does not
involve the fusion of gametes and results
Asexual Reproduction
in offspring genetically identical to the
parent.
A mode of reproduction that involves the
fusion of male and female gametes, re- Sexual Reproduction
sulting in genetically diverse offspring.
A structure within cells that contains
Chromosome
DNA and carries genetic information.
The material of which chromosomes are
composed, consisting of DNA and pro- Chromatin
tein.
Cell Cycle
The series of phases that a cell goes
through from its formation until it divides.
The phase of the cell cycle in which the
cell is not dividing and is preparing for Interphase
mitosis.
Mitosis
The process of cell division that results in
two genetically identical daughter cells.
The division of the cytoplasm of a cell,
Cytokinesis
resulting in two separate cells.
, General Biology Final Exam Study Guide
The first stage of mitosis, during which
the chromatin condenses into visible Prophase
chromosomes.
One of the two identical halves of a du-
Chromatid
plicated chromosome.
The region of a chromosome where the
Centromere
two sister chromatids are joined.
A cylindrical cell structure involved in the
organization of microtubules during cell Centriole
division.
The stage of mitosis where chromo-
somes align at the cell's equatorial Metaphase
plane.
The stage of mitosis where sister chro-
matids are pulled apart to opposite poles Anaphase
of the cell.
The final stage of mitosis where the chro-
mosomes de-condense and the nuclear Telophase
envelope re-forms.
A naturally occurring substance capable
of stimulating cellular growth, prolifera- Growth Factor
tion, and differentiation.
A family of proteins that regulate the cell
cycle by activating cyclin-dependent ki- Cyclin
nases.
The process of programmed cell death
Apoptosis
that occurs in multicellular organisms.
A disease characterized by uncontrolled
Cancer
cell division and growth.
An abnormal mass of tissue that forms
Tumor
when cells divide uncontrollably.
The study of heredity and the variation of
Genetics
inherited characteristics.
Fertilization
The process by which a parent cell di-
Cell Division
vides into two or more daughter cells.
A mode of reproduction that does not
involve the fusion of gametes and results
Asexual Reproduction
in offspring genetically identical to the
parent.
A mode of reproduction that involves the
fusion of male and female gametes, re- Sexual Reproduction
sulting in genetically diverse offspring.
A structure within cells that contains
Chromosome
DNA and carries genetic information.
The material of which chromosomes are
composed, consisting of DNA and pro- Chromatin
tein.
Cell Cycle
The series of phases that a cell goes
through from its formation until it divides.
The phase of the cell cycle in which the
cell is not dividing and is preparing for Interphase
mitosis.
Mitosis
The process of cell division that results in
two genetically identical daughter cells.
The division of the cytoplasm of a cell,
Cytokinesis
resulting in two separate cells.
, General Biology Final Exam Study Guide
The first stage of mitosis, during which
the chromatin condenses into visible Prophase
chromosomes.
One of the two identical halves of a du-
Chromatid
plicated chromosome.
The region of a chromosome where the
Centromere
two sister chromatids are joined.
A cylindrical cell structure involved in the
organization of microtubules during cell Centriole
division.
The stage of mitosis where chromo-
somes align at the cell's equatorial Metaphase
plane.
The stage of mitosis where sister chro-
matids are pulled apart to opposite poles Anaphase
of the cell.
The final stage of mitosis where the chro-
mosomes de-condense and the nuclear Telophase
envelope re-forms.
A naturally occurring substance capable
of stimulating cellular growth, prolifera- Growth Factor
tion, and differentiation.
A family of proteins that regulate the cell
cycle by activating cyclin-dependent ki- Cyclin
nases.
The process of programmed cell death
Apoptosis
that occurs in multicellular organisms.
A disease characterized by uncontrolled
Cancer
cell division and growth.
An abnormal mass of tissue that forms
Tumor
when cells divide uncontrollably.
The study of heredity and the variation of
Genetics
inherited characteristics.
Fertilization
