TEST BANK
INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH RESEARCH METHODS:
A PRACTICAL GUIDE
Page | 1
, Chapter: Chapter 01 - Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? The five steps of the research process can vary according to the goal of the research
project or according to what methods are used.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: The Research Process Subject:
Chapter 1
2. True or False? Population health focuses on the outcomes and determinants of health in groups of
humans.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Clinical and Population Health Research Subject: Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
1. What type of research evaluates the best ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat adverse health issues that
affect individuals and families?
A) Clinical research
B) Basic medical research
C) Population health research
D) Translational research CORRECT
ANSWER: A Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Clinical and Population Health Research
Subject: Chapter 1
2. Demography is often used as a tool in what type of research?
A) Clinical research
B) Basic medical research
C) Population health research
Page | 2
,D) Translational research CORRECT
ANSWER: C Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Clinical and Population Health Research Subject: Chapter 1
3. What is the fourth step in the research process?
A) Designing the study
B) Selecting a general study approach
C) Reporting the findings
D) Analyzing the data CORRECT
ANSWER: D Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: The Research Process Subject: Chapter 1
Chapter: Chapter 02 - Quiz
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following points toward the selection of key indicators that would provide evidence for
the success of the intervention?
A) Brainstorming
B) Concept mapping
C) PICOT
D) Practical questions
CORRECT ANSWER: C Complexity: ModerateAhead: PICOT Subject: Chapter 2
2. Which of the following, related to the candidate question, will assist the researcher in determining what
is already known about the topic and what new information a new study could contribute?
A) Meta-analysis
B) Literature review
Page | 3
,C) Questionnaires
D) Concept mapping CORRECT
ANSWER: B Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Exposure, Disease, and Populations (EDPs) Subject: Chapter 2
3. What database, developed by the U.S. National Library of Medicine, can be helpful for identifying the
full extent of a research area and for narrowing the scope of a research area?
A) PubMed
B) MedWatch
C) MeSh (Medical Subject Headings Database)
True/False
1. True or False? The goal of concept mapping is to create a long list of possible research topics.
CORRECT ANSWER: False
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Brainstorming and Concept Mapping Subject: Chapter 2
2. True or False? Questions derived from practice often point toward an unmet demand for needs
assessments, program evaluations, and clinical effectiveness studies.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: Practical Research Subject:
Chapter 2
Chapter: Chapter 03 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? The only way to truly understand a study is to read the full text of the article.
CORRECT ANSWER: True
Page | 4
,Complexity: Easy Ahead: Full-Text Articles Subject: Chapter 3
2. True or False? For a research project to be considered original, it needs to have only one substantive
difference from previous work.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: What Makes Research Original? Subject: Chapter 3
Multiple Choice
1. Which database is sponsored by the U.S. National Library of Medicine and features only journals that
have applied for inclusion and passed through a review process?
A) LILACS
B) MEDLINE
C) SciELO
D) EBSCO
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Abstract Databases
2. Because many peer-reviewed journals are not included in the databases, especially journals in
languages other than English, which search engine may be helpful for identifying additional relevant
abstracts?
A) SPORTDiscus
B) Ovid
C) Google Scholar
D) LexisNexis CORRECT ANSWER: C
Complexity: Difficult Ahead: Abstract Databases Subject: Chapter 3
3. Critical reading involves asking a series of questions about what aspect of a study in order to ascertain
how well a particular study was designed, conducted, interpreted, and reported and to assess how likely it
is that the resulting paper presents the truth about a particular research question in a particular population
at a particular place and time?
A) Internal validity
Page | 5
,B) External validity
C) Specificity
D) Sensitivity CORRECT ANSWER: A
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Critical Reading Subject: Chapter 3
Chapter: Chapter 04 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? A goal or objective statement for a clinical or population health research project usually
states the exposures, diseases or outcomes, and/or populations that will be the focus of the study.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Refining the Study Question Subject: Chapter 4
2. True or False? When writing independent objectives, the specific aims should be interrelated and
dependent on one another.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Several Specific Aims Subject: Chapter 4
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is sketched out using boxes and arrows that illustrate the various relationships
that will be evaluated during the study?
A) Conceptual framework
B) Theoretical framework
C) Experimental framework
D) Perceptual framework CORRECT
ANSWER: A Complexity: Moderate
Page | 6
,2. At what point should the researcher identify three or more specific objectives that stem from the main
study goal?
A) Prior to the literature review
B) After completion of the abstract
C) After finalizing the overarching study goal
D) Prior to development of a conceptual model CORRECT
ANSWER: C Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Several Specific Aims Subject: Chapter 4
3. What is a good way to evaluate if a new research project is likely to be successfully completed?
A) Replication study
B) External validity study
C) Feasibility study
D) Primary study CORRECT ANSWER: C
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Feasibility Subject: Chapter 4
Chapter: Chapter 05 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? Once a meeting is scheduled, all conversations will yield a mentor–mentee relationship.
CORRECT ANSWER: False
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Finding Research Mentors Subject: Chapter 5
2. True or False? One senior researcher can provide all of the professional mentorship that a rising
researcher requires.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity: Moderate
Page | 7
,Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
Multiple Choice
1. The researcher who will do the majority of the work is defined as which of the following?
A) Primary investigator
B) Lead researcher
C) Statistical consultant
D) Mentor CORRECT ANSWER: B
Complexity: Easy Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
2. For international research projects, how many local researchers at the study site should be a co-
investigator who is involved in every step of the research process, including the identification of the study
question, the design of the study, and the collection of data?
A) 0
B) At least 1
C) At least 3
D) At least 5 CORRECT ANSWER: B
Complexity: Difficult Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
3. What section of the manuscript is used to thank individuals who did not earn coauthorship but who
benefitted the study with their contributions?
A) Title page
B) Introduction
C) Abstract
D) Acknowledgments CORRECT ANSWER: D
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
Page | 8
, Chapter: Chapter 06 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? The senior author must be heavily involved in the day-to-day details of the study and
meet authorship criteria by providing clarity and direction along the way and by providing critical
feedback on the manuscript.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: Authorship Order Subject:
Chapter 6
2. True or False? The senior author, usually the primary research supervisor for a student or research
group, is often listed as the last author even if he or she was heavily involved in all aspects of the work
and might otherwise be the second author.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: Authorship Order Subject:
Chapter 6
Multiple Choice
1. Most researchers serve as what type of coauthors before moving into the lead author role for the first
time?
A) Mentors
B) Consultants
C) Middle coauthors
D) Last author
2. An individual who is given honorary coauthorship without having significantly contributed to the work
is referred to as which of the following?
A) Gift authorship
B) Ghost authorship
C) Silent authorship
Page | 9
, D) Associate authorship CORRECT
ANSWER: A Complexity: Easy
Page | 10
INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH RESEARCH METHODS:
A PRACTICAL GUIDE
Page | 1
, Chapter: Chapter 01 - Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? The five steps of the research process can vary according to the goal of the research
project or according to what methods are used.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: The Research Process Subject:
Chapter 1
2. True or False? Population health focuses on the outcomes and determinants of health in groups of
humans.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Clinical and Population Health Research Subject: Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
1. What type of research evaluates the best ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat adverse health issues that
affect individuals and families?
A) Clinical research
B) Basic medical research
C) Population health research
D) Translational research CORRECT
ANSWER: A Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Clinical and Population Health Research
Subject: Chapter 1
2. Demography is often used as a tool in what type of research?
A) Clinical research
B) Basic medical research
C) Population health research
Page | 2
,D) Translational research CORRECT
ANSWER: C Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Clinical and Population Health Research Subject: Chapter 1
3. What is the fourth step in the research process?
A) Designing the study
B) Selecting a general study approach
C) Reporting the findings
D) Analyzing the data CORRECT
ANSWER: D Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: The Research Process Subject: Chapter 1
Chapter: Chapter 02 - Quiz
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following points toward the selection of key indicators that would provide evidence for
the success of the intervention?
A) Brainstorming
B) Concept mapping
C) PICOT
D) Practical questions
CORRECT ANSWER: C Complexity: ModerateAhead: PICOT Subject: Chapter 2
2. Which of the following, related to the candidate question, will assist the researcher in determining what
is already known about the topic and what new information a new study could contribute?
A) Meta-analysis
B) Literature review
Page | 3
,C) Questionnaires
D) Concept mapping CORRECT
ANSWER: B Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Exposure, Disease, and Populations (EDPs) Subject: Chapter 2
3. What database, developed by the U.S. National Library of Medicine, can be helpful for identifying the
full extent of a research area and for narrowing the scope of a research area?
A) PubMed
B) MedWatch
C) MeSh (Medical Subject Headings Database)
True/False
1. True or False? The goal of concept mapping is to create a long list of possible research topics.
CORRECT ANSWER: False
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Brainstorming and Concept Mapping Subject: Chapter 2
2. True or False? Questions derived from practice often point toward an unmet demand for needs
assessments, program evaluations, and clinical effectiveness studies.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: Practical Research Subject:
Chapter 2
Chapter: Chapter 03 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? The only way to truly understand a study is to read the full text of the article.
CORRECT ANSWER: True
Page | 4
,Complexity: Easy Ahead: Full-Text Articles Subject: Chapter 3
2. True or False? For a research project to be considered original, it needs to have only one substantive
difference from previous work.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: What Makes Research Original? Subject: Chapter 3
Multiple Choice
1. Which database is sponsored by the U.S. National Library of Medicine and features only journals that
have applied for inclusion and passed through a review process?
A) LILACS
B) MEDLINE
C) SciELO
D) EBSCO
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Abstract Databases
2. Because many peer-reviewed journals are not included in the databases, especially journals in
languages other than English, which search engine may be helpful for identifying additional relevant
abstracts?
A) SPORTDiscus
B) Ovid
C) Google Scholar
D) LexisNexis CORRECT ANSWER: C
Complexity: Difficult Ahead: Abstract Databases Subject: Chapter 3
3. Critical reading involves asking a series of questions about what aspect of a study in order to ascertain
how well a particular study was designed, conducted, interpreted, and reported and to assess how likely it
is that the resulting paper presents the truth about a particular research question in a particular population
at a particular place and time?
A) Internal validity
Page | 5
,B) External validity
C) Specificity
D) Sensitivity CORRECT ANSWER: A
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Critical Reading Subject: Chapter 3
Chapter: Chapter 04 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? A goal or objective statement for a clinical or population health research project usually
states the exposures, diseases or outcomes, and/or populations that will be the focus of the study.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Refining the Study Question Subject: Chapter 4
2. True or False? When writing independent objectives, the specific aims should be interrelated and
dependent on one another.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Several Specific Aims Subject: Chapter 4
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is sketched out using boxes and arrows that illustrate the various relationships
that will be evaluated during the study?
A) Conceptual framework
B) Theoretical framework
C) Experimental framework
D) Perceptual framework CORRECT
ANSWER: A Complexity: Moderate
Page | 6
,2. At what point should the researcher identify three or more specific objectives that stem from the main
study goal?
A) Prior to the literature review
B) After completion of the abstract
C) After finalizing the overarching study goal
D) Prior to development of a conceptual model CORRECT
ANSWER: C Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Several Specific Aims Subject: Chapter 4
3. What is a good way to evaluate if a new research project is likely to be successfully completed?
A) Replication study
B) External validity study
C) Feasibility study
D) Primary study CORRECT ANSWER: C
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Feasibility Subject: Chapter 4
Chapter: Chapter 05 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? Once a meeting is scheduled, all conversations will yield a mentor–mentee relationship.
CORRECT ANSWER: False
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Finding Research Mentors Subject: Chapter 5
2. True or False? One senior researcher can provide all of the professional mentorship that a rising
researcher requires.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity: Moderate
Page | 7
,Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
Multiple Choice
1. The researcher who will do the majority of the work is defined as which of the following?
A) Primary investigator
B) Lead researcher
C) Statistical consultant
D) Mentor CORRECT ANSWER: B
Complexity: Easy Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
2. For international research projects, how many local researchers at the study site should be a co-
investigator who is involved in every step of the research process, including the identification of the study
question, the design of the study, and the collection of data?
A) 0
B) At least 1
C) At least 3
D) At least 5 CORRECT ANSWER: B
Complexity: Difficult Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
3. What section of the manuscript is used to thank individuals who did not earn coauthorship but who
benefitted the study with their contributions?
A) Title page
B) Introduction
C) Abstract
D) Acknowledgments CORRECT ANSWER: D
Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Research Teams Subject: Chapter 5
Page | 8
, Chapter: Chapter 06 – Quiz
True/False
1. True or False? The senior author must be heavily involved in the day-to-day details of the study and
meet authorship criteria by providing clarity and direction along the way and by providing critical
feedback on the manuscript.
CORRECT ANSWER: False Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: Authorship Order Subject:
Chapter 6
2. True or False? The senior author, usually the primary research supervisor for a student or research
group, is often listed as the last author even if he or she was heavily involved in all aspects of the work
and might otherwise be the second author.
CORRECT ANSWER: True Complexity:
Moderate Ahead: Authorship Order Subject:
Chapter 6
Multiple Choice
1. Most researchers serve as what type of coauthors before moving into the lead author role for the first
time?
A) Mentors
B) Consultants
C) Middle coauthors
D) Last author
2. An individual who is given honorary coauthorship without having significantly contributed to the work
is referred to as which of the following?
A) Gift authorship
B) Ghost authorship
C) Silent authorship
Page | 9
, D) Associate authorship CORRECT
ANSWER: A Complexity: Easy
Page | 10
