MLS 3314 - Module 1 questions and answers
with solutions 2025/2026
Turbidimetric Analysis - ANSWER Based on the scattering of light by
precipitate particles in the cuvette - look for amount of light that got
through, not amount of light scattered
Is turbidimetric analysis Qual or Quant? - ANSWER Quant
Why is mixing and timing critical in TA? - ANSWER Bc as time goes on
proteins begin to precipitate out. Smaller particles being to coagulate
and stick together and don't scatter light the same.
How is light scattering read in TA? - ANSWER Using a regular
spectrophotometer at a fairly high energy wavelength (415nm)
Which is more sensitive TA or Nephlometric A? - ANSWER NA is 1,000x
more sensitive.
Analysis that is based on light scattering by precipitate particles. The
light is *directly* scattered at an *angle* to the light source. - ANSWER
Nephlometric Analysis
,Can be used to quantitate Immune Complexes. Assays use an IgG Ab
against an Ag + that Ag (analyze) - Commonly used to measure hormones
- ANSWER NA
Measures electrolytes - detects Ionized levels, not total levels. (Ionized
levels are physiologically active)
-Replacement for Flame Photometry for Na & K - ANSWER ISE
-The activity (concentration) of electrolyte on one side of an electrode
membrane, as compared to a fixed concentration of that electrolyte on
the other side of the membrane, causes an electrical potential to be
built up across the membrane
-The electrical potential is proportional to the electrolyte concentration
of the test solution - ANSWER General Principle of ISE
What does the calamel measure? - ANSWER The electron potential
independently of the test solution
Indicator electrode is the ________ & is made of _________. - ANSWER
anode - Ag/AgCl (Silver/Silver Chloride)
What is inside the reference electrode in connection with the solution in
the ISE? - ANSWER KCl salt bridge. (The calamel is sticking inside that)
What is the glass and filler for H+ ions? - ANSWER Na+ silicate glass test
tube & HCl filler
, K+ glass coating & filler in ISE - ANSWER coating is Valinomycin & filling
is KCl
NH4+ glass coating & filler in ISE - ANSWER Monactin & Nonactin is
coating & NH4Cl is filler
In absorption spectroscopy assays (Spectrophotometric Assays) how is
light absorbed? - ANSWER When a white light is shined into a solution
(1) the color that corresponds to the chromophore is not absorbed and
transmitted through (2) the complementary color is absorbed the most
(3) the other colors absorbed in varying degrees
Beer's Law - ANSWER The # of light-absorbing molecules in solution are
*proportional* to the saturation of that solution (absorbance). [The # of
chromophores in a solution is proportional to how dark the solution
is/how saturated it is]
Beer's Law Formula - ANSWER A=a b c
Beer's Law: A= - ANSWER Absorbance at a specific wavelength (in a
spectrophotometer)
Beer's Law: a= - ANSWER Molar Absorptivity Constant
with solutions 2025/2026
Turbidimetric Analysis - ANSWER Based on the scattering of light by
precipitate particles in the cuvette - look for amount of light that got
through, not amount of light scattered
Is turbidimetric analysis Qual or Quant? - ANSWER Quant
Why is mixing and timing critical in TA? - ANSWER Bc as time goes on
proteins begin to precipitate out. Smaller particles being to coagulate
and stick together and don't scatter light the same.
How is light scattering read in TA? - ANSWER Using a regular
spectrophotometer at a fairly high energy wavelength (415nm)
Which is more sensitive TA or Nephlometric A? - ANSWER NA is 1,000x
more sensitive.
Analysis that is based on light scattering by precipitate particles. The
light is *directly* scattered at an *angle* to the light source. - ANSWER
Nephlometric Analysis
,Can be used to quantitate Immune Complexes. Assays use an IgG Ab
against an Ag + that Ag (analyze) - Commonly used to measure hormones
- ANSWER NA
Measures electrolytes - detects Ionized levels, not total levels. (Ionized
levels are physiologically active)
-Replacement for Flame Photometry for Na & K - ANSWER ISE
-The activity (concentration) of electrolyte on one side of an electrode
membrane, as compared to a fixed concentration of that electrolyte on
the other side of the membrane, causes an electrical potential to be
built up across the membrane
-The electrical potential is proportional to the electrolyte concentration
of the test solution - ANSWER General Principle of ISE
What does the calamel measure? - ANSWER The electron potential
independently of the test solution
Indicator electrode is the ________ & is made of _________. - ANSWER
anode - Ag/AgCl (Silver/Silver Chloride)
What is inside the reference electrode in connection with the solution in
the ISE? - ANSWER KCl salt bridge. (The calamel is sticking inside that)
What is the glass and filler for H+ ions? - ANSWER Na+ silicate glass test
tube & HCl filler
, K+ glass coating & filler in ISE - ANSWER coating is Valinomycin & filling
is KCl
NH4+ glass coating & filler in ISE - ANSWER Monactin & Nonactin is
coating & NH4Cl is filler
In absorption spectroscopy assays (Spectrophotometric Assays) how is
light absorbed? - ANSWER When a white light is shined into a solution
(1) the color that corresponds to the chromophore is not absorbed and
transmitted through (2) the complementary color is absorbed the most
(3) the other colors absorbed in varying degrees
Beer's Law - ANSWER The # of light-absorbing molecules in solution are
*proportional* to the saturation of that solution (absorbance). [The # of
chromophores in a solution is proportional to how dark the solution
is/how saturated it is]
Beer's Law Formula - ANSWER A=a b c
Beer's Law: A= - ANSWER Absorbance at a specific wavelength (in a
spectrophotometer)
Beer's Law: a= - ANSWER Molar Absorptivity Constant
