Summary Grade 12 IEB Accounting Notes – Companies (Income Statement, Financial Indicators & Theory)

These thorough and easy-to-follow notes cover the Companies section of the Grade 12 IEB Accounting syllabus — one of the most heavily weighted topics in both the prelim and final exams. These notes provide a perfect balance of theory, calculations, and financial interpretation. Included in the notes: Key company concepts (limited liability, authorised vs issued shares, etc.) Components of the Income Statement and how to prepare it Notes to the financial statements (e.g., taxation, dividends, earnings) Financial indicators explained: Earnings per share (EPS) Return on shareholders’ equity (ROSHE) Solvency ratio, debt/equity, and liquidity ratios Net asset value (NAV), dividend payout, etc. Interpreting company performance using these indicators Share transactions and how they affect equity Common theory questions with suggested answers Past paper-style examples with full solutions Ideal for: Grade 12 IEB learners needing to understand and apply company financial concepts Students aiming to master both the preparation and analysis of company accounts Quick revision before Accounting tests, SBA tasks, prelims, or finals