Chapter 32: Immunologic Disorders Linton: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition Questions
With Complete Solutions
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which population, according to statistics from theCenters for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), has thegreatest incidence of human immunodeficiency viral (HIV)
infection in theUnited States?
a. Asian Americans
b. African Americans
c. Latinos
d. Whites - ANSWER-ANS: B
Of those with HIV infection in theUnited States, African Americans make up 49%, whites
27%, and Latinos 12%: Asian Americans were not reported:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 577 OBJ: 2
TOP: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Incidence in theUnited States
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
2. What does enzyme reverse transcriptase transcribe?
a. DNA to mimic CD4 cells
b. T4-helper cells to RNA
c. HIV RNA to HIV DNA
d. T4 cells to HIV virions - ANSWER-ANS: C
Reverse transcriptase reverses thenormal process and allows theRNA to be transcribed to
theDNA rather than theDNA to be transcribed to theRNA:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 1
TOP: Pathophysiology KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
,MSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3. What is themost common form of transmission of theHIV virus?
a. Injection drug use
b. Heterosexual contact
c. Exposure to contaminated blood products
d. Male to male - ANSWER-ANS: D
Male-to-male transmission is still themost common mode:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 2
TOP:Transmission of HIV KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
4. A nurse is assessing a patient with AIDS for risk factors: What is recognized as themost
risky behavior in thepatient history?
a. Oral sex without contact with theglans penis
b. Oral sex with a condom
c. Use of sex toys
d. Anal sex with a condom - ANSWER-ANS: D
Anal sex, even with a condom, is a higher risk behavior than theother three options:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 578 OBJ: 2
TOP: Risk Factors KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
5. When is a patient with HIV considered to have progressed to AIDS?
a. Two or more opportunistic infections are diagnosed:
b. Kaposi sarcoma appears:
c. CD4 cell level drops to 200:
d. Patient tested positive for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): - ANSWER-ANS: C
A person with an HIV infection is not diagnosed with AIDS until theCD4 count falls to
, 200: Other AIDS markers exist as well:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 3
TOP: AIDS KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
6. A very anxious young man comes to theclinic believing that he may have HIV infection
because of his persistent influenza-like symptoms and his risky sexual behavior: What
should thenurse anticipate that a positive blood analysis would show?
a. High levels of CD8 cells
b. High levels of HIV-infected cells
c. Low levels of T cells
d. Low levels of antibodies - ANSWER-ANS: B
In theinitial phase of HIV infection, high levels of HIV-infected cells, high levels of T
cells, and high levels of antibodies are present as thebody attempts to rid thebody of
thevirus through theimmune response:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 578 OBJ: 1
TOP:Diagnosis of AIDS KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
7. How long does theinitial stage of an HIV infection usually last?
a. 2 to 4 weeks
b. 4 to 8 weeks
c. 8 to 12 weeks
d. 12 to 16 weeks - ANSWER-ANS: B
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 1
TOP:Initial Phase of HIV Infection KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection ofDisease
With Complete Solutions
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which population, according to statistics from theCenters for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), has thegreatest incidence of human immunodeficiency viral (HIV)
infection in theUnited States?
a. Asian Americans
b. African Americans
c. Latinos
d. Whites - ANSWER-ANS: B
Of those with HIV infection in theUnited States, African Americans make up 49%, whites
27%, and Latinos 12%: Asian Americans were not reported:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 577 OBJ: 2
TOP: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Incidence in theUnited States
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
2. What does enzyme reverse transcriptase transcribe?
a. DNA to mimic CD4 cells
b. T4-helper cells to RNA
c. HIV RNA to HIV DNA
d. T4 cells to HIV virions - ANSWER-ANS: C
Reverse transcriptase reverses thenormal process and allows theRNA to be transcribed to
theDNA rather than theDNA to be transcribed to theRNA:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 1
TOP: Pathophysiology KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
,MSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3. What is themost common form of transmission of theHIV virus?
a. Injection drug use
b. Heterosexual contact
c. Exposure to contaminated blood products
d. Male to male - ANSWER-ANS: D
Male-to-male transmission is still themost common mode:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 2
TOP:Transmission of HIV KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
4. A nurse is assessing a patient with AIDS for risk factors: What is recognized as themost
risky behavior in thepatient history?
a. Oral sex without contact with theglans penis
b. Oral sex with a condom
c. Use of sex toys
d. Anal sex with a condom - ANSWER-ANS: D
Anal sex, even with a condom, is a higher risk behavior than theother three options:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 578 OBJ: 2
TOP: Risk Factors KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
5. When is a patient with HIV considered to have progressed to AIDS?
a. Two or more opportunistic infections are diagnosed:
b. Kaposi sarcoma appears:
c. CD4 cell level drops to 200:
d. Patient tested positive for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): - ANSWER-ANS: C
A person with an HIV infection is not diagnosed with AIDS until theCD4 count falls to
, 200: Other AIDS markers exist as well:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 3
TOP: AIDS KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
6. A very anxious young man comes to theclinic believing that he may have HIV infection
because of his persistent influenza-like symptoms and his risky sexual behavior: What
should thenurse anticipate that a positive blood analysis would show?
a. High levels of CD8 cells
b. High levels of HIV-infected cells
c. Low levels of T cells
d. Low levels of antibodies - ANSWER-ANS: B
In theinitial phase of HIV infection, high levels of HIV-infected cells, high levels of T
cells, and high levels of antibodies are present as thebody attempts to rid thebody of
thevirus through theimmune response:
DIF:Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 578 OBJ: 1
TOP:Diagnosis of AIDS KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
7. How long does theinitial stage of an HIV infection usually last?
a. 2 to 4 weeks
b. 4 to 8 weeks
c. 8 to 12 weeks
d. 12 to 16 weeks - ANSWER-ANS: B
DIF:Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 578 OBJ: 1
TOP:Initial Phase of HIV Infection KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC:NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection ofDisease
