Genetics-Exam 1 (ch 1-4) UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What is genetics? - CORRECT ANSWER - study of genes and what they do; branch of
biology that deals with heredity and variation
root of the natural diversity that we observe among members of the same species as well as
among different species - CORRECT ANSWER - Genetic variation
Gene - CORRECT ANSWER - "Unit of heredity", usually described according to the way
it affects the traits or characteristics of an organism
How many genes are there? - CORRECT ANSWER - Around 30,000-35,000
How much of the genome is coded for? - CORRECT ANSWER - less than 5 %
What is the largest cellular molecule in humans? - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA
Categories of larger cellular molecules: - CORRECT ANSWER - Nucleic acids (DNA,
RNA), Proteins, Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteome - CORRECT ANSWER - All the proteins that a cell makes at a given time
Constitutive Gene - CORRECT ANSWER - Unregulated; different cell types; transcribed
continually; different types
Housekeeping Gene - CORRECT ANSWER - Ongoing business; histones; continually
made; can control (turn on/off) housekeeping depending on growth cycle
,Inducible - CORRECT ANSWER - Gene that can be turned on or off; produces proteins
on a continual basis
Genetic Code - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA sequences within most genes contain the
information to direct the order of amino acids within polypeptides
Which codon is the least conserved? - CORRECT ANSWER - Last
Does every gene code for a protein? - CORRECT ANSWER - NO! tRNA, rRNA, mRNA
When studying a genetic cross, the second generation following the initial cross is identified by
which of the following?
a. P generation
b. F1 generation
c. F2 generation
d. F3 generation
e. P3 generation - CORRECT ANSWER - F2 generation
A true bredding line of green pod pea plants is crossed with a true-breeding line of yellow pod
plants. All of their offspring have green pods. From this information, it can be stated that the
green color is_____.
a. recessive
b. dominant
c. subservient
d. blended
e. non of the answers are correct - CORRECT ANSWER - dominant
, When Mendel crossed two plants that were heterozygous for a single trait, what was the
phenotypic ratio of their offspring?
a. 1 : 2 : 1
b. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
c. 3 : 1
d. 7 : 4
e. varied depending on the trait - CORRECT ANSWER - 3:1
An individual who has two identical alleles for a trait is said to be _____.
a. homozygous
b. heterozygous
c. isozygous
d. a variant - CORRECT ANSWER - homozygous
The genetic composition of an individual is called its _____.
a. phenotype
b. genotype
c. hybrid
d. dominance
e. non of the answers are correct - CORRECT ANSWER - genotype
The likelihood that the observation variation from the expected is due to random chance is called
the _____.
a. P value
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What is genetics? - CORRECT ANSWER - study of genes and what they do; branch of
biology that deals with heredity and variation
root of the natural diversity that we observe among members of the same species as well as
among different species - CORRECT ANSWER - Genetic variation
Gene - CORRECT ANSWER - "Unit of heredity", usually described according to the way
it affects the traits or characteristics of an organism
How many genes are there? - CORRECT ANSWER - Around 30,000-35,000
How much of the genome is coded for? - CORRECT ANSWER - less than 5 %
What is the largest cellular molecule in humans? - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA
Categories of larger cellular molecules: - CORRECT ANSWER - Nucleic acids (DNA,
RNA), Proteins, Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteome - CORRECT ANSWER - All the proteins that a cell makes at a given time
Constitutive Gene - CORRECT ANSWER - Unregulated; different cell types; transcribed
continually; different types
Housekeeping Gene - CORRECT ANSWER - Ongoing business; histones; continually
made; can control (turn on/off) housekeeping depending on growth cycle
,Inducible - CORRECT ANSWER - Gene that can be turned on or off; produces proteins
on a continual basis
Genetic Code - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA sequences within most genes contain the
information to direct the order of amino acids within polypeptides
Which codon is the least conserved? - CORRECT ANSWER - Last
Does every gene code for a protein? - CORRECT ANSWER - NO! tRNA, rRNA, mRNA
When studying a genetic cross, the second generation following the initial cross is identified by
which of the following?
a. P generation
b. F1 generation
c. F2 generation
d. F3 generation
e. P3 generation - CORRECT ANSWER - F2 generation
A true bredding line of green pod pea plants is crossed with a true-breeding line of yellow pod
plants. All of their offspring have green pods. From this information, it can be stated that the
green color is_____.
a. recessive
b. dominant
c. subservient
d. blended
e. non of the answers are correct - CORRECT ANSWER - dominant
, When Mendel crossed two plants that were heterozygous for a single trait, what was the
phenotypic ratio of their offspring?
a. 1 : 2 : 1
b. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
c. 3 : 1
d. 7 : 4
e. varied depending on the trait - CORRECT ANSWER - 3:1
An individual who has two identical alleles for a trait is said to be _____.
a. homozygous
b. heterozygous
c. isozygous
d. a variant - CORRECT ANSWER - homozygous
The genetic composition of an individual is called its _____.
a. phenotype
b. genotype
c. hybrid
d. dominance
e. non of the answers are correct - CORRECT ANSWER - genotype
The likelihood that the observation variation from the expected is due to random chance is called
the _____.
a. P value
