Genetic Engineering Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Genetic Engineering Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What is the primary tool used to cut DNA at specific sequences during genetic engineering? Restriction enzymes. What is the role of ligase in genetic engineering? It joins fragments of DNA by forming phosphodiester bonds. What is the name of the circular DNA used to transfer genes into bacteria? Plasmid. What technique is used to amplify small segments of DNA? Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis in genetic engineering? To separate DNA fragments based on size. 2 What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)? An organism that has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. What is the term for inserting a gene from one species into another? Transgenesis. Which enzyme is used to make complementary DNA (cDNA) from RNA? Reverse transcriptase. What is CRISPR primarily used for in genetic engineering? Precise editing of DNA sequences. What do scientists use as a guide in CRISPR-Cas9 systems? A short RNA sequence that matches the target DNA. What is a gene knockout? A genetic technique in which a gene is completely disabled or removed. 3 Why are bacteria often used in genetic engineering experiments? They reproduce quickly and are easy to manipulate genetically. What is the role of a promoter in a genetic construct? It initiates transcription of the inserted gene. Why is the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) gene often used in genetic engineering? It acts as a visible marker to confirm gene expression. What is a clone in genetic engineering? An exact genetic copy of an organism or DNA sequence. What is gene therapy?