Leadership Studies Lecture #5: The Third Sector

Leadership Studies
Lecture #5 Notes

Leadership: Public and Private
The Civil Society

A Short Introduction: Leadership vs. Participation
A Participatory Bottom-Up Process
 There is a difference between leadership as a top-down process (i.e. one individual is
running the show) versus participation as a bottom-up process
 MDGS versus SDGs
o UN Millennium Declaration founded 8 MDGs (Millennial Development Goals)
 Consisted of a group of 1,350 representatives of over 1,000 civil society
organizations from 140 countries
 Clear example of bottom-up process: civil society organizations join
forces to influence the world
o Open Working Group (OWG) founded 17 SDGs
 Consisted of representatives of civil society, private sector, academia and
local and national governments from 30 nations
 Example of top-down process

, Leadership in civil society: is it about the privatization of
democracy or safeguarding against dictatorship (of the majority)?

Three Different Sectors: One World
 Public (“state”)
 Private (“firm”)
 Private with a public twist (i.e. civil society, “NPO/NGO”)
o Private individual citizens doing something; aim is
to achieve a public goal, not to attain profit for
themselves
o NPO  non-profit organizations
o NGO  non-governmental
organizations


Movement From Indirect to Direct Solidarity
Three driving forces:
 Governmental austerity
 Liberal economy
 Citizens self-organization

Indirect solidarity (state/government):
 The state identifies which citizens are in
need and redistributes from people who ‘have’ to people who ‘don’t have’
o This occurs in an indirect way (e.g. unvoluntary taxes)
 The majority decides
 Citizens have the right to this transfer of solidarity

Direct solidarity (civil society)