Pre-industrialisation
Before the industrial revolution, family members worked together to produce goods
and services. The family was a unit of production.
Families in pre-industrial societies were often extended beyond the basic
nuclear family - to include 3 generations.
The family was ‘multi-functional’; performed a number of functions.
As a production unit it had an economical function,
political functions by socialising children, and
educating children with job training. Industrial
Revolution
Late
industrialisation
This lead to a number of big
During the early years of changes in society.
industrialisation, the factory steadily
replaced the family as the unit of ● The workforce moved to industrial work, producing
production. manufactured goods in factories.
Oakley believed that the effect of industrialisation was: ● Machinery was used to produce mass goods, so
- Separating men from daily domestic life Family - small family businesses could no longer compete.
- Economic dependence of women and children on men Industrialisation
● Towns and cities grew in size and the majority of
- Isolating housework and childcare from other work the population was concentrated in large urban
areas rather than small villages. This process is
known as ‘urbanisation’.
Michael Anderson
Anderson suggests that the early
stages of industrialisation encouraged
the development of extended families.
The mid 19th century was a period of rapid urbanisation as
people moved from rural areas to work in factories.
Overcrowding was common due to a shortage of housing
and a desire to save on rent. As a result people often moved
in with their relatives.
Before the industrial revolution, family members worked together to produce goods
and services. The family was a unit of production.
Families in pre-industrial societies were often extended beyond the basic
nuclear family - to include 3 generations.
The family was ‘multi-functional’; performed a number of functions.
As a production unit it had an economical function,
political functions by socialising children, and
educating children with job training. Industrial
Revolution
Late
industrialisation
This lead to a number of big
During the early years of changes in society.
industrialisation, the factory steadily
replaced the family as the unit of ● The workforce moved to industrial work, producing
production. manufactured goods in factories.
Oakley believed that the effect of industrialisation was: ● Machinery was used to produce mass goods, so
- Separating men from daily domestic life Family - small family businesses could no longer compete.
- Economic dependence of women and children on men Industrialisation
● Towns and cities grew in size and the majority of
- Isolating housework and childcare from other work the population was concentrated in large urban
areas rather than small villages. This process is
known as ‘urbanisation’.
Michael Anderson
Anderson suggests that the early
stages of industrialisation encouraged
the development of extended families.
The mid 19th century was a period of rapid urbanisation as
people moved from rural areas to work in factories.
Overcrowding was common due to a shortage of housing
and a desire to save on rent. As a result people often moved
in with their relatives.
