NEWEST 2025 WGU D027 ADVANCED
PATHOPHARMACOLOGICAL
FOUNDATIONS FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT
ANSWERS | A+ GRADE
What is a furuncle? Correct Answer An infection of the hair
follicle that extends to the surrounding tissue -
Abscess, dermis, and fungal infections are generally more
widespread or larger processes that require broad or
systemic treatment. A furuncle, though uncomfortable to
painful, is a generally localized infection that is self-
resolving or that requires local, minor treatment.
What type of lesion may be malignant in the form of
squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)? Correct Answer Actinic
keratosis -
Actinic keratosis, which is caused by exposure to UV
radiation, is a precursor lesion of SCC
What type of abnormal cell growth does carcinoma refer
to? Correct Answer Epithelial cells -
Carcinoma refers to dysplastic epithelial cells that have
penetrated the entire thickness of the epithelium into the
basement membrane.
,What is a characteristic of a malignant tumor? Correct
Answer Absence of normal tissue organization -
Healthy tissue is made up of non-cancerous cells that are
well-differentiated, connected via a well-organized stroma
and that stay put. Malignant tumors lack those
characteristics as well as normal tissue organization.
Which lifestyle factor has not been linked to the
development of cancer? Correct Answer Extreme exercise
-
Tobacco use, obesity, and alcohol consumption are causal
for numerous cancers, which can be prevented. Exercise
helps prevent colon cancer and likely helps prevent
endometrial, breast, and other cancers as well.
Which pediatric malignancy is linked to the family of
origin? Correct Answer Wilms tumor -
Wilms tumor is kidney cancer in childhood caused by
inherited genes. The main causes of liver cancer are
hepatitis, fatty liver disease, and alcohol use. The main
cause of cervical cancer is HPV infection. Leukemia is
caused by mutations to hematopoietic stem cells.
Normal TSH levels range from: Correct Answer 0.4-4.0
What does elevated TSH levels indicate? Correct Answer
- Thyroid is underactive
- Hypothyroidism
Most common cause of hypothyroidism with TPO
antibodies? Correct Answer Hashimoto Thyroiditis
,Most common cause of hyperthyroidism with TSH receptor
antibodies? Correct Answer Graves Disease
Where is the RET oncogene located and its significance in
Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid (MTC)? Correct Answer -
Located on chromosome 10
- Found in all cells in hereditary MTC patients
Which medication is used for rigors during IgM infusion?
Correct Answer Demerol (Meperidine)
Which Immunoglobulin is associated with Celiac Disease?
Correct Answer IgA
What Glands are affected by Sjogren's Syndrome?
Correct Answer Tear and Saliva Glands
What is the main symptom of Parkinson's disease?
Correct Answer Tremors
What is the primary treatment for Type 2 Diabetes?
Correct Answer Metformin
What is the hallmark symptom of Multiple Sclerosis?
Correct Answer Demyelination of nerve fibers
What is the primary cause of Peptic Ulcers? Correct
Answer H. pylori infection
, What is the main side effect of ACE Inhibitors? Correct
Answer Dry cough
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism Correct Answer
Bradycardia, cold intolerance, lethargy, memory loss, dry
skin, brittle dry hair, decreased appetite, weight gain,
constipation, increased serum lipids, decreased libido,
erectile dysfunction
What if a Newborn has Hypothyroidism? Correct Answer
Requires replacement within a few days and lasts for 3
years to prevent mental development changes and
dwarfism.
What is Hashimoto's Disease? Correct Answer
Autoimmune cause of hypothyroidism. Symptoms include
weight gain and fatigue.
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis) Correct
Answer Tachyarrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia, rapid
flow/speech, feeling hot
How to Treat Grave's Disease? Correct Answer Remove
or destroy thyroid tissue, suppress with drugs
(methimazole or propylthiouracil), treat with Iodine-131.
Beta blockers used to suppress release of thyroid
hormones and reduce heart rate.
What Causes Vasodilation, Bronchoconstriction, and
Helps with Memory and Sleep? Correct Answer
Histamine-1
PATHOPHARMACOLOGICAL
FOUNDATIONS FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT
ANSWERS | A+ GRADE
What is a furuncle? Correct Answer An infection of the hair
follicle that extends to the surrounding tissue -
Abscess, dermis, and fungal infections are generally more
widespread or larger processes that require broad or
systemic treatment. A furuncle, though uncomfortable to
painful, is a generally localized infection that is self-
resolving or that requires local, minor treatment.
What type of lesion may be malignant in the form of
squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)? Correct Answer Actinic
keratosis -
Actinic keratosis, which is caused by exposure to UV
radiation, is a precursor lesion of SCC
What type of abnormal cell growth does carcinoma refer
to? Correct Answer Epithelial cells -
Carcinoma refers to dysplastic epithelial cells that have
penetrated the entire thickness of the epithelium into the
basement membrane.
,What is a characteristic of a malignant tumor? Correct
Answer Absence of normal tissue organization -
Healthy tissue is made up of non-cancerous cells that are
well-differentiated, connected via a well-organized stroma
and that stay put. Malignant tumors lack those
characteristics as well as normal tissue organization.
Which lifestyle factor has not been linked to the
development of cancer? Correct Answer Extreme exercise
-
Tobacco use, obesity, and alcohol consumption are causal
for numerous cancers, which can be prevented. Exercise
helps prevent colon cancer and likely helps prevent
endometrial, breast, and other cancers as well.
Which pediatric malignancy is linked to the family of
origin? Correct Answer Wilms tumor -
Wilms tumor is kidney cancer in childhood caused by
inherited genes. The main causes of liver cancer are
hepatitis, fatty liver disease, and alcohol use. The main
cause of cervical cancer is HPV infection. Leukemia is
caused by mutations to hematopoietic stem cells.
Normal TSH levels range from: Correct Answer 0.4-4.0
What does elevated TSH levels indicate? Correct Answer
- Thyroid is underactive
- Hypothyroidism
Most common cause of hypothyroidism with TPO
antibodies? Correct Answer Hashimoto Thyroiditis
,Most common cause of hyperthyroidism with TSH receptor
antibodies? Correct Answer Graves Disease
Where is the RET oncogene located and its significance in
Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid (MTC)? Correct Answer -
Located on chromosome 10
- Found in all cells in hereditary MTC patients
Which medication is used for rigors during IgM infusion?
Correct Answer Demerol (Meperidine)
Which Immunoglobulin is associated with Celiac Disease?
Correct Answer IgA
What Glands are affected by Sjogren's Syndrome?
Correct Answer Tear and Saliva Glands
What is the main symptom of Parkinson's disease?
Correct Answer Tremors
What is the primary treatment for Type 2 Diabetes?
Correct Answer Metformin
What is the hallmark symptom of Multiple Sclerosis?
Correct Answer Demyelination of nerve fibers
What is the primary cause of Peptic Ulcers? Correct
Answer H. pylori infection
, What is the main side effect of ACE Inhibitors? Correct
Answer Dry cough
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism Correct Answer
Bradycardia, cold intolerance, lethargy, memory loss, dry
skin, brittle dry hair, decreased appetite, weight gain,
constipation, increased serum lipids, decreased libido,
erectile dysfunction
What if a Newborn has Hypothyroidism? Correct Answer
Requires replacement within a few days and lasts for 3
years to prevent mental development changes and
dwarfism.
What is Hashimoto's Disease? Correct Answer
Autoimmune cause of hypothyroidism. Symptoms include
weight gain and fatigue.
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis) Correct
Answer Tachyarrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia, rapid
flow/speech, feeling hot
How to Treat Grave's Disease? Correct Answer Remove
or destroy thyroid tissue, suppress with drugs
(methimazole or propylthiouracil), treat with Iodine-131.
Beta blockers used to suppress release of thyroid
hormones and reduce heart rate.
What Causes Vasodilation, Bronchoconstriction, and
Helps with Memory and Sleep? Correct Answer
Histamine-1
