NR509 Final Exam Questions and Verified Answers
A 44-year-old female C. This patient was in compliance with the U.S.
mathematician presents Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
to clinic with a complaint recommendations for her age group and risk factors
of a mass in the right prior to her current complaint.
breast. Her partner
noticed this mass 2 days The USPSTF recommends that women age <50 years
ago, and the patient feels discuss risks and benefits with their provider and decide
guilty because she has on appropriate screening for their individual
only had one preferences and needs
mammogram and does
not engage in breast self-
examination (BSE) on any
regular basis. She has no
family history of breast
cancer, and her prior
mammogram was ordered
as a routine screening test
at age 43 years after a brief
discussion with her primary
care provider. After a
thorough investigation
reveals a benign cyst,
what advice should be
given to this patient about
screening for breast
cancer in her age group?
a. BSE is well
evidenced, and all
recommending agencies
agree that it should be
taught and reinforced.
b. Clinical breast
examination (CBE) is
superior to BSE and
should be a routine part of
,annual examinations
starting at age 30 years.
c. This patient was in
compliance with the
U.S. Preventive Services Task
Fo
,A 42-year-old female b. Sensitivity of screening for breast cancer increases
website developer with breast MRI at the expense of specificity.
presents for an annual
preventive examination Rationale: Sensitivity of screening for breast cancer
with questions about increases with breast MRI at the expense of specificity.
breast cancer screening. Increased sensitivity (in this case, higher-resolution
She is concerned about imaging to pick up subtler disease) is often traded for
the radiation exposure reduced specificity (in the form of discovering many
associated with small items of no pathological significance).
mammography and is
interested in magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI)
as a possible alternative
for routine screening. She
is otherwise healthy with
no family history of breast,
ovarian, or colon cancer.
Which of the following is
true about MRI as a
screening modality for
breast cancer in the
general population?
a. Breast cancer screening
by MRI has been well
studied in the general
population.
b. Sensitivity of screening for
breast cancer increases with
breast MRI at the expense of
specificity.
c. This patient is an ideal
candidate for screening via
breast MRI based on
current evidence.
d. Women at low lifetime
risk of breast cancer
, (<20%) are
recommended to
undergo screening
MRI.
e. Known BRCA1 or
BRCA2 mutation is
insufficient cr
A 35-year-old G0P0 e. Prolactinoma
woman presents to clinic
with a complaint of Rationale: Prolactinomas are pituitary tumors that
bilateral nipple discharge. secrete prolactin, which causes the production of breast
This discharge started milk and can suppress menstruation.
several weeks ago and
has occurred at irregular
intervals since that time.
She does not complain of
local tenderness, redness,
fever, or any other
systemic symptoms aside
from slightly irregular
periods over the last few
months. On examination,
she is able to express a
small amount of
discharge, which is sent to
the laboratory and found to
A 44-year-old female C. This patient was in compliance with the U.S.
mathematician presents Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
to clinic with a complaint recommendations for her age group and risk factors
of a mass in the right prior to her current complaint.
breast. Her partner
noticed this mass 2 days The USPSTF recommends that women age <50 years
ago, and the patient feels discuss risks and benefits with their provider and decide
guilty because she has on appropriate screening for their individual
only had one preferences and needs
mammogram and does
not engage in breast self-
examination (BSE) on any
regular basis. She has no
family history of breast
cancer, and her prior
mammogram was ordered
as a routine screening test
at age 43 years after a brief
discussion with her primary
care provider. After a
thorough investigation
reveals a benign cyst,
what advice should be
given to this patient about
screening for breast
cancer in her age group?
a. BSE is well
evidenced, and all
recommending agencies
agree that it should be
taught and reinforced.
b. Clinical breast
examination (CBE) is
superior to BSE and
should be a routine part of
,annual examinations
starting at age 30 years.
c. This patient was in
compliance with the
U.S. Preventive Services Task
Fo
,A 42-year-old female b. Sensitivity of screening for breast cancer increases
website developer with breast MRI at the expense of specificity.
presents for an annual
preventive examination Rationale: Sensitivity of screening for breast cancer
with questions about increases with breast MRI at the expense of specificity.
breast cancer screening. Increased sensitivity (in this case, higher-resolution
She is concerned about imaging to pick up subtler disease) is often traded for
the radiation exposure reduced specificity (in the form of discovering many
associated with small items of no pathological significance).
mammography and is
interested in magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI)
as a possible alternative
for routine screening. She
is otherwise healthy with
no family history of breast,
ovarian, or colon cancer.
Which of the following is
true about MRI as a
screening modality for
breast cancer in the
general population?
a. Breast cancer screening
by MRI has been well
studied in the general
population.
b. Sensitivity of screening for
breast cancer increases with
breast MRI at the expense of
specificity.
c. This patient is an ideal
candidate for screening via
breast MRI based on
current evidence.
d. Women at low lifetime
risk of breast cancer
, (<20%) are
recommended to
undergo screening
MRI.
e. Known BRCA1 or
BRCA2 mutation is
insufficient cr
A 35-year-old G0P0 e. Prolactinoma
woman presents to clinic
with a complaint of Rationale: Prolactinomas are pituitary tumors that
bilateral nipple discharge. secrete prolactin, which causes the production of breast
This discharge started milk and can suppress menstruation.
several weeks ago and
has occurred at irregular
intervals since that time.
She does not complain of
local tenderness, redness,
fever, or any other
systemic symptoms aside
from slightly irregular
periods over the last few
months. On examination,
she is able to express a
small amount of
discharge, which is sent to
the laboratory and found to
