NURS 221 FINAL STUDY GUIDE
chain of infection - Answers -infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of
transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
How to break infectious agent link - Answers -accurate identification of the
microorganism and interrupting its ability to infect
how to break reservoir link - Answers -cleaning, disinfecting or sterilizing
how to break portal of exit link - Answers -PPE, hand hygiene, safe waste disposal
how to break transmission link - Answers --hand hygiene, cleaning, disinfection, airflow
control
how to break portal of entry - Answers -aseptic technique when providing wound and
catheter care
ways to brink susceptible host link - Answers -vaccination, identifying high risk clients,
healthy lifestyle
important defences against infection - Answers --skin and normal flora
-body system defences
-inflammatory response
factors that increase susceptibility to infection - Answers --age, nutritional status,
known microorganisms, stress
most important and basic technique in preventing infection - Answers -hand hygiene
isolation is also known as - Answers -additional precautions
droplet precaution PPE - Answers -gown, gloves, mask
contact precaution PPE - Answers -gown and gloves
airborne precaution PPE - Answers -gown, gloves, mask (N-95), face shield if
needed/avaliable
three major dimensions of concern relative to an individuals functional ability - Answers
--risk recognition
-functional assessment
-planning and delivery of individualized care appropriate to level of function ability
ADL's - Answers --usually performed in the course of a normal day
-ambulation, eating, dressing, bathing, toileting, brushing teeth, grooming
, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) - Answers --more complex
-shopping, preparing meals, managing finances, taking meds
posture - Answers -arrangement of the body in space
body alignment - Answers -the action of keeping the body in a state of normal position
which side of the body should a cane be used on - Answers -stronger side
functional ability - Answers --Cognitive, social, physical, and emotional ability to carry
out the normal activities of life
represents continuum from full function to lack of function
crutches are not usually used with - Answers -older adults
-no upper body strength
patent safety - Answers -pursuit of reduction and mitigation of unsafe acts within the
healthcare system as well as use of best practices
how to maintain proper body alignment - Answers -widening your base of support and
bringing the centre of gravity to the base of support
fall - Answers -results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or
other lower level with or without injury
risk factors for fall - Answers --modifiable or non modifiable (age)
-poor communication can also be a factor
tools to identify patients that are at risk for falls - Answers --functional gait assessment
-hendrich fall risk model II
-St Thomas Assessment Tool
-schmid fall risk assessment tool
-more fall risk assessment
if patient falls: - Answers --assess for injuries
-monitor for injuries that may not be immediately apparent
-determine factors that contributed to the fall
-further assessments (vital signs, NVS)
Infants - Answers --time of rapid growth
-nutrient rich diet
toddlers - Answers --at risk for iron deficiency anemia
-calcium, zinc and vitamin d are important
chain of infection - Answers -infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of
transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
How to break infectious agent link - Answers -accurate identification of the
microorganism and interrupting its ability to infect
how to break reservoir link - Answers -cleaning, disinfecting or sterilizing
how to break portal of exit link - Answers -PPE, hand hygiene, safe waste disposal
how to break transmission link - Answers --hand hygiene, cleaning, disinfection, airflow
control
how to break portal of entry - Answers -aseptic technique when providing wound and
catheter care
ways to brink susceptible host link - Answers -vaccination, identifying high risk clients,
healthy lifestyle
important defences against infection - Answers --skin and normal flora
-body system defences
-inflammatory response
factors that increase susceptibility to infection - Answers --age, nutritional status,
known microorganisms, stress
most important and basic technique in preventing infection - Answers -hand hygiene
isolation is also known as - Answers -additional precautions
droplet precaution PPE - Answers -gown, gloves, mask
contact precaution PPE - Answers -gown and gloves
airborne precaution PPE - Answers -gown, gloves, mask (N-95), face shield if
needed/avaliable
three major dimensions of concern relative to an individuals functional ability - Answers
--risk recognition
-functional assessment
-planning and delivery of individualized care appropriate to level of function ability
ADL's - Answers --usually performed in the course of a normal day
-ambulation, eating, dressing, bathing, toileting, brushing teeth, grooming
, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) - Answers --more complex
-shopping, preparing meals, managing finances, taking meds
posture - Answers -arrangement of the body in space
body alignment - Answers -the action of keeping the body in a state of normal position
which side of the body should a cane be used on - Answers -stronger side
functional ability - Answers --Cognitive, social, physical, and emotional ability to carry
out the normal activities of life
represents continuum from full function to lack of function
crutches are not usually used with - Answers -older adults
-no upper body strength
patent safety - Answers -pursuit of reduction and mitigation of unsafe acts within the
healthcare system as well as use of best practices
how to maintain proper body alignment - Answers -widening your base of support and
bringing the centre of gravity to the base of support
fall - Answers -results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or
other lower level with or without injury
risk factors for fall - Answers --modifiable or non modifiable (age)
-poor communication can also be a factor
tools to identify patients that are at risk for falls - Answers --functional gait assessment
-hendrich fall risk model II
-St Thomas Assessment Tool
-schmid fall risk assessment tool
-more fall risk assessment
if patient falls: - Answers --assess for injuries
-monitor for injuries that may not be immediately apparent
-determine factors that contributed to the fall
-further assessments (vital signs, NVS)
Infants - Answers --time of rapid growth
-nutrient rich diet
toddlers - Answers --at risk for iron deficiency anemia
-calcium, zinc and vitamin d are important
