Quiz questions
Question 1 of 20
What is the primary mechanism by which diuretics promote diuresis?
A Stimulating aldosterone production
B Blocking sodium chloride reabsorption
C Enhancing glucose absorption
D Increasing blood pressure
Explanation
Diuretics promote diuresis by blocking sodium chloride reabsorption, which leads to increased
osmotic pressure and passive water reabsorption in the nephron.
Question 2 of 20
Which type of diuretic is associated with ototoxicity?
A Loop diuretics
B Thiazide diuretics
C Potassium-sparing diuretics
D Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Explanation
Loop diuretics, such as furosemide and ethacrynic acid, can cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing
loss, especially at high doses.
Question 3 of 20
What is a common adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?
A Hypokalemia
B Hyperkalemia
C Ototoxicity
D Dehydration
Explanation
Potassium-sparing diuretics can lead to hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in
the blood, posing health risks.
Question 4 of 20
How do thiazide diuretics differ from loop diuretics in terms of diuresis?
A Thiazides have a longer duration of action than loop diuretics
B Thiazides produce more diuresis and have no GFR requirement
C Thiazides produce less diuresis and require a GFR of 30 or more
D Thiazides act in the ascending Loop of Henle
Explanation
Thiazide diuretics produce less diuresis compared to loop diuretics and require a higher
glomerular filtration rate to be effective.
, Question 5 of 20
What effect do loop diuretics have on glucose metabolism?
A They enhance insulin sensitivity
B They decrease blood glucose levels
C They can cause hyperglycemia
D They promote glycogen synthesis
Explanation
Loop diuretics can lead to hyperglycemia, which may be due to inhibition of insulin release and
increased glycogenolysis.
Question 6 of 20
What is a common adverse effect associated with the use of K sparing triamterene?
A Hyperkalemia
B Dehydration
C Constipation
D Hypokalemia
Explanation
Hyperkalemia is a common adverse effect of K sparing diuretics like triamterene, which can lead
to elevated potassium levels in the blood.
Question 7 of 20
How does angiotensin II primarily affect blood vessels?
A It decreases sympathetic action
B It mediates vasoconstriction primarily in arterioles
C It causes vasodilation in veins
D It reduces blood volume
Explanation
Angiotensin II primarily mediates vasoconstriction in arterioles, which increases blood pressure
and affects blood flow.
Question 8 of 20
What is the paradoxical effect of hydrochlorothiazide in the context of diabetes insipidus?
A It causes hyperglycemia
B It reduces urinary output
It increases thirst sensation
D It promotes excessive urination
Explanation
Hydrochlorothiazide can reduce urinary output in patients with diabetes insipidus, which is
unexpected for a diuretic.
Question 1 of 20
What is the primary mechanism by which diuretics promote diuresis?
A Stimulating aldosterone production
B Blocking sodium chloride reabsorption
C Enhancing glucose absorption
D Increasing blood pressure
Explanation
Diuretics promote diuresis by blocking sodium chloride reabsorption, which leads to increased
osmotic pressure and passive water reabsorption in the nephron.
Question 2 of 20
Which type of diuretic is associated with ototoxicity?
A Loop diuretics
B Thiazide diuretics
C Potassium-sparing diuretics
D Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Explanation
Loop diuretics, such as furosemide and ethacrynic acid, can cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing
loss, especially at high doses.
Question 3 of 20
What is a common adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?
A Hypokalemia
B Hyperkalemia
C Ototoxicity
D Dehydration
Explanation
Potassium-sparing diuretics can lead to hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in
the blood, posing health risks.
Question 4 of 20
How do thiazide diuretics differ from loop diuretics in terms of diuresis?
A Thiazides have a longer duration of action than loop diuretics
B Thiazides produce more diuresis and have no GFR requirement
C Thiazides produce less diuresis and require a GFR of 30 or more
D Thiazides act in the ascending Loop of Henle
Explanation
Thiazide diuretics produce less diuresis compared to loop diuretics and require a higher
glomerular filtration rate to be effective.
, Question 5 of 20
What effect do loop diuretics have on glucose metabolism?
A They enhance insulin sensitivity
B They decrease blood glucose levels
C They can cause hyperglycemia
D They promote glycogen synthesis
Explanation
Loop diuretics can lead to hyperglycemia, which may be due to inhibition of insulin release and
increased glycogenolysis.
Question 6 of 20
What is a common adverse effect associated with the use of K sparing triamterene?
A Hyperkalemia
B Dehydration
C Constipation
D Hypokalemia
Explanation
Hyperkalemia is a common adverse effect of K sparing diuretics like triamterene, which can lead
to elevated potassium levels in the blood.
Question 7 of 20
How does angiotensin II primarily affect blood vessels?
A It decreases sympathetic action
B It mediates vasoconstriction primarily in arterioles
C It causes vasodilation in veins
D It reduces blood volume
Explanation
Angiotensin II primarily mediates vasoconstriction in arterioles, which increases blood pressure
and affects blood flow.
Question 8 of 20
What is the paradoxical effect of hydrochlorothiazide in the context of diabetes insipidus?
A It causes hyperglycemia
B It reduces urinary output
It increases thirst sensation
D It promotes excessive urination
Explanation
Hydrochlorothiazide can reduce urinary output in patients with diabetes insipidus, which is
unexpected for a diuretic.
