Paper 2
Source-Based
1. Black Consciousness Movement
2. Truth and Reconciliation Commission
3. Globalisation
Essay
1. International response to Apartheid
2. Impact of the fall of USSR on SA
3. Road to Democracy in SA
, Black Consciousness Movement
Promoted by Steve Biko
Organisations:
● SASO - South African Student Organisation
● BPC - Black People's Convention
● BAWU - Black Allied Workers Union
● NUSAS - National Union of South African Students
● SRC - Students Representative Council
● SSRC - Soweto Student Representative Council
Definition: a movement that endeavoured to awaken black people to the
philosophy which promoted pride in being black (meaning anyone oppressed
under Apartheid)
Aims: promote black unity, raise self-respect and confidence, bring about the
liberation of black people, pride in black identity, history and culture
Influences on BCM: liberation theology, africanism (PAC - Africa for Africans),
Black Power (assertive), students revolts of the 1960s around the world,
decolonisation (independence movements in Africa), influence of Marxism,
Malcolm X and the growing international criticism of Apartheid
BCM: SASA (1969) started by Steve Biko: created BPC (1973), health and adult
literacy campaigns, cultural forums and was an umbrella organisation for: SASM
(1971) [created SSRC in 1976] and BAWU
Timeline:
○ 1960 - Sharpeville
○ 1964 - Rivonia Trial
○ 1969 - SASO formed (late 60s - new forms of protest, rise of BCM)
○ 1971 - SAMS formed (70s - growing dissatisfaction in townships)
○ 1972 - BPC formed, an umbrella body for all organisations with
Source-Based
1. Black Consciousness Movement
2. Truth and Reconciliation Commission
3. Globalisation
Essay
1. International response to Apartheid
2. Impact of the fall of USSR on SA
3. Road to Democracy in SA
, Black Consciousness Movement
Promoted by Steve Biko
Organisations:
● SASO - South African Student Organisation
● BPC - Black People's Convention
● BAWU - Black Allied Workers Union
● NUSAS - National Union of South African Students
● SRC - Students Representative Council
● SSRC - Soweto Student Representative Council
Definition: a movement that endeavoured to awaken black people to the
philosophy which promoted pride in being black (meaning anyone oppressed
under Apartheid)
Aims: promote black unity, raise self-respect and confidence, bring about the
liberation of black people, pride in black identity, history and culture
Influences on BCM: liberation theology, africanism (PAC - Africa for Africans),
Black Power (assertive), students revolts of the 1960s around the world,
decolonisation (independence movements in Africa), influence of Marxism,
Malcolm X and the growing international criticism of Apartheid
BCM: SASA (1969) started by Steve Biko: created BPC (1973), health and adult
literacy campaigns, cultural forums and was an umbrella organisation for: SASM
(1971) [created SSRC in 1976] and BAWU
Timeline:
○ 1960 - Sharpeville
○ 1964 - Rivonia Trial
○ 1969 - SASO formed (late 60s - new forms of protest, rise of BCM)
○ 1971 - SAMS formed (70s - growing dissatisfaction in townships)
○ 1972 - BPC formed, an umbrella body for all organisations with
