UTA Nurs 3661 Exam 1 Study Guide
ECG indications for Hypermagnesemia
ECG: tachycardia → bradycardia, prolonged PR interval and
QRS, peaked T waves
Medical Management for Hypomagnesemia
diet, oral magnesium, magnesium sulfate IV, monitor for urine
volume decrease of over 100mL over 4 hrs
Medical Management for Hypermagnesemia
IV elemental calcium, loop diuretics (furosemide), sodium
chloride, lactated Ringer's IV solution
What is Informed Consent?
the patient's autonomous decision about whether to undergo a
surgical procedure, based on the nature of the condition, the
treatment options, and the risks and benefits involved
Risk factors for complications post-op
Arthritis, Cardiovascular diseases (VTE, CAD, MI, HTN,
arrhythmias, CVD, HF), Dehydration or electrolyte imbalances,
Endocrine dysfunction (adrenal disorders, diabetes, thyroid
malfunction), Extremes in age and weight, Cirrhosis, Hepatitis,
Immunological abnormalities, infection, sepsis, low
socioeconomic status, certain meds, nutritional deficits,
pregnancy, disabilities, pulmonary diseases (obstructive or
,restrictive disorders, infections), decreased renal function, UTI,
urinary obstruction, toxic conditions.
Propofol
Used for sedation in ICU, rapid anesthesia induction, short
procedures.
What do you assess in PACU?
airway, level of consciousness, cardiac, respiratory, wound, and
pain; type of surgery or comorbidities will dictate additional
assessments; check all drainage tubes and verify that monitoring
lines are connected and functioning; check vital signs at regular
interval (per institutional protocol)
Potential postoperative complications
Respiratory-Atelectasis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism,
aspiration
Cardiovascular-Shock, thrombophlebitis, DVT, pulmonary
embolism
Neurologic-Delirium, stroke
Skin/Wound-Breakdown, infection, dehiscence, evisceration,
delayed healing, hemorrhage, hematoma
Gastrointestinal-Constipation, paralytic ileus, bowel obstruction
Urinary-Acute urine retention, urinary tract infection
Functional-Weakness, fatigue, functional decline
What findings may you see when assessing a patient w/
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)?
-reports of numbness or coldness in extremities
-cool and pale extremities when elevated
, -Bruits
-Diminished or absent peripheral pulses
-unequal pulses between extremities
-thickened and opaque nails
-shiny, atrophic, and dry skin w/ sparse or absent hair
What should you teach a pt w/ Peripheral Arterial Disease?
-Teach to wash in between toes w/ mild soap and lukewarm
water, then rinse thoroughly and pat dry
-Inspect feet daily for cuts, redness, blisters, or dryness
-trim nails straight across after showering
-do not cross your legs at the knee
-avoid heating pads, whirlpools, and hot tubs
-never put lotion or cream in between toes
What should you assess on a pt w/ a DVT?
Complete blood count (CBC) and coagulation studies that
include prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin
time (aPTT), and international normalized ratio (INR)
Duplex Ultrasound
Warfarin Mechanism of Action
Vitamin K antagonist
Warfarin Nursing Considerations
-Administer once a day at the same time each day
-Requires routine monitoring of PT with the goal of 1.5-2 times
normal; and INR with the goal of 2.0-3.0
-Requires administration with heparin during drug initiation
until desired anticoagulation is achieved
ECG indications for Hypermagnesemia
ECG: tachycardia → bradycardia, prolonged PR interval and
QRS, peaked T waves
Medical Management for Hypomagnesemia
diet, oral magnesium, magnesium sulfate IV, monitor for urine
volume decrease of over 100mL over 4 hrs
Medical Management for Hypermagnesemia
IV elemental calcium, loop diuretics (furosemide), sodium
chloride, lactated Ringer's IV solution
What is Informed Consent?
the patient's autonomous decision about whether to undergo a
surgical procedure, based on the nature of the condition, the
treatment options, and the risks and benefits involved
Risk factors for complications post-op
Arthritis, Cardiovascular diseases (VTE, CAD, MI, HTN,
arrhythmias, CVD, HF), Dehydration or electrolyte imbalances,
Endocrine dysfunction (adrenal disorders, diabetes, thyroid
malfunction), Extremes in age and weight, Cirrhosis, Hepatitis,
Immunological abnormalities, infection, sepsis, low
socioeconomic status, certain meds, nutritional deficits,
pregnancy, disabilities, pulmonary diseases (obstructive or
,restrictive disorders, infections), decreased renal function, UTI,
urinary obstruction, toxic conditions.
Propofol
Used for sedation in ICU, rapid anesthesia induction, short
procedures.
What do you assess in PACU?
airway, level of consciousness, cardiac, respiratory, wound, and
pain; type of surgery or comorbidities will dictate additional
assessments; check all drainage tubes and verify that monitoring
lines are connected and functioning; check vital signs at regular
interval (per institutional protocol)
Potential postoperative complications
Respiratory-Atelectasis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism,
aspiration
Cardiovascular-Shock, thrombophlebitis, DVT, pulmonary
embolism
Neurologic-Delirium, stroke
Skin/Wound-Breakdown, infection, dehiscence, evisceration,
delayed healing, hemorrhage, hematoma
Gastrointestinal-Constipation, paralytic ileus, bowel obstruction
Urinary-Acute urine retention, urinary tract infection
Functional-Weakness, fatigue, functional decline
What findings may you see when assessing a patient w/
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)?
-reports of numbness or coldness in extremities
-cool and pale extremities when elevated
, -Bruits
-Diminished or absent peripheral pulses
-unequal pulses between extremities
-thickened and opaque nails
-shiny, atrophic, and dry skin w/ sparse or absent hair
What should you teach a pt w/ Peripheral Arterial Disease?
-Teach to wash in between toes w/ mild soap and lukewarm
water, then rinse thoroughly and pat dry
-Inspect feet daily for cuts, redness, blisters, or dryness
-trim nails straight across after showering
-do not cross your legs at the knee
-avoid heating pads, whirlpools, and hot tubs
-never put lotion or cream in between toes
What should you assess on a pt w/ a DVT?
Complete blood count (CBC) and coagulation studies that
include prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin
time (aPTT), and international normalized ratio (INR)
Duplex Ultrasound
Warfarin Mechanism of Action
Vitamin K antagonist
Warfarin Nursing Considerations
-Administer once a day at the same time each day
-Requires routine monitoring of PT with the goal of 1.5-2 times
normal; and INR with the goal of 2.0-3.0
-Requires administration with heparin during drug initiation
until desired anticoagulation is achieved
