Fundamentals of Nursing Exam Entails
Aims of Nursing Latest Updated 2025
With Complete Solutions
footdrop - ANSWER-the foot is unable to maintain itself in the perpendicular position,
heel-toe gait is impossible, and patient experiences extreme difficulty in walking; caused
by patients feet being in planter flexion position over extended time
fowlers position - ANSWER-semi-sitting position; head of bed elevated 45 to 60
degrees; used to promote cardiac and respiratory functioning; provides max space in
thoracic cavity; high fowlers the bed is elevated to 90 degrees
supine or dorsal recumbent position - ANSWER-patient lies flat on the back with the
head and shoulders slightly elevated w/ a pillow
side-lying or lateral position - ANSWER-patient lies on the side and the main weight of
the body is borne by the lateral aspect of the lower scapula and the lateral aspect of the
lower ilium
sims position - ANSWER-patient again lies on the side but the lower arm is behind the
patient and the upper are is flexed at both the shoulder and the elbow
prone position - ANSWER-person lies on the abdomen with the head turned to the side;
the body is straight in the prone position because shoulders, head, and neck are in
erect position, arms are easily placed in correct alignment w/ the shoulder girdle, hips,
knees can be prevented from flexing or hyperextending
active exercise - ANSWER-the patient independently moves joints through their full
range of motion (isotonic exercise)
passive exercise - ANSWER-the patient is unable to move independently, the nurse
moves each joint through its range of motion
Aims of Nursing - ANSWER-1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
To promote health - ANSWER-State of optimal functioning or wellbeing. not just
absence of disease
, To prevent illness - ANSWER-reduce risk for illness. promote good health habits,
maintain optimal functioning
To restore health - ANSWER-Nurse's responsibility to assess & teach levels of
prevention
To facilitate coping w/ disability or death - ANSWER-Nurse's role to provide "comfort"
care
origination of the word "nurse" - ANSWER-from the latin word "nutrix" meaning to
nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - ANSWER-communicator, teacher, counselor, leader,
researcher, advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - ANSWER-nurses use optimal function of maximum
strengths and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families
and patients during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ANSWER--one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ANSWER--define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles
for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ANSWER-respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ANSWER--well defined
body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ANSWER-defined nursing as both an art and science,
differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published
books; founder of modern nursing
Aims of Nursing Latest Updated 2025
With Complete Solutions
footdrop - ANSWER-the foot is unable to maintain itself in the perpendicular position,
heel-toe gait is impossible, and patient experiences extreme difficulty in walking; caused
by patients feet being in planter flexion position over extended time
fowlers position - ANSWER-semi-sitting position; head of bed elevated 45 to 60
degrees; used to promote cardiac and respiratory functioning; provides max space in
thoracic cavity; high fowlers the bed is elevated to 90 degrees
supine or dorsal recumbent position - ANSWER-patient lies flat on the back with the
head and shoulders slightly elevated w/ a pillow
side-lying or lateral position - ANSWER-patient lies on the side and the main weight of
the body is borne by the lateral aspect of the lower scapula and the lateral aspect of the
lower ilium
sims position - ANSWER-patient again lies on the side but the lower arm is behind the
patient and the upper are is flexed at both the shoulder and the elbow
prone position - ANSWER-person lies on the abdomen with the head turned to the side;
the body is straight in the prone position because shoulders, head, and neck are in
erect position, arms are easily placed in correct alignment w/ the shoulder girdle, hips,
knees can be prevented from flexing or hyperextending
active exercise - ANSWER-the patient independently moves joints through their full
range of motion (isotonic exercise)
passive exercise - ANSWER-the patient is unable to move independently, the nurse
moves each joint through its range of motion
Aims of Nursing - ANSWER-1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
To promote health - ANSWER-State of optimal functioning or wellbeing. not just
absence of disease
, To prevent illness - ANSWER-reduce risk for illness. promote good health habits,
maintain optimal functioning
To restore health - ANSWER-Nurse's responsibility to assess & teach levels of
prevention
To facilitate coping w/ disability or death - ANSWER-Nurse's role to provide "comfort"
care
origination of the word "nurse" - ANSWER-from the latin word "nutrix" meaning to
nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - ANSWER-communicator, teacher, counselor, leader,
researcher, advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - ANSWER-nurses use optimal function of maximum
strengths and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families
and patients during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ANSWER--one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ANSWER--define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles
for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ANSWER-respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ANSWER--well defined
body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ANSWER-defined nursing as both an art and science,
differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published
books; founder of modern nursing
