SPA 6565 Final Exam Questions with correct
answers
what ||is ||neurogenic ||dysphagia? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-any ||issue ||with ||swallowing ||safely ||or ||efficiently ||
caused ||by ||a ||neurogenic ||disease
what ||are ||the ||causes ||of ||neurogenic ||dysphagia? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--Parkinson's
-Huntington's
-TBI ||
-CVA/stroke
-MS
-ALS
-Guillian-Barre ||Syndrome
-Alzheimer's
-Brain ||tumors
-Bulbar/Pseudobulbar ||Palsy ||
-Myathenia ||Gravis ||
-Neurotoxins
where ||can ||the ||location ||of ||the ||problem ||that ||causes ||dysphagia ||be ||(in ||neurogenic ||dysphagia) ||- ||VERIFIED
||ANSWER✔✔-brain ||or ||CNS ||
-cerebral ||cortex ||
-midbrain/subcortical
-corticobulbar ||tract
-brainstem
-cerebellum
-medulla ||
-meninges
-PNS/cranial ||nerves
what ||is ||an ||acute ||insult? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-it ||happened ||all ||of ||a ||sudden
example ||of ||acute ||insult? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-TBI/stroke
What ||are ||meninges? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-membranes ||that ||cover ||the ||brain ||and ||spinal ||cord; ||dura, ||
arachnoid, ||Pia
What ||flows ||between ||the ||meninges ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-cerebral ||spinal ||fluid
what ||is ||a ||leak ||that ||can ||make ||blood ||go ||into ||the ||CSF ||(the ||CSF ||is ||already ||full ||which ||creates ||more ||
pressure ||and ||the ||collection ||of ||blood ||SPREADS)? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-subarachnoid ||hemorrhage
What ||is ||bleeding ||of ||the ||arachnoid ||from ||up ||above ||that ||causes ||a ||collection ||of ||blood ||that ||stays ||in ||just
||that ||area ||(easier ||to ||understand ||what ||the ||deficits ||might ||be)? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-subdural ||
hematoma
what ||are ||the ||types ||of ||CVAs ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-hemorrhagic, ||ischemic
what ||is ||the ||higher ||brainstem ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-pons
, what ||is ||the ||lower ||brainstem ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-medulla
What ||are ||the ||subcortical ||structures? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-basal ||ganglia, ||thalamus, ||cerebellum
the ||basal ||ganglia ||is ||a ||key ||part ||of ||______ ||motor ||control ||of ||swallow ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-efferent
what ||does ||the ||basal ||ganglia ||do? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-modulates ||motor ||signals ||coming ||from ||the ||
cortex ||and ||cerebellum; ||connects ||the ||cortex ||and ||other ||subcortical ||structures
what ||controls ||posture, ||balance, ||and ||fine ||motor ||movement; ||motor ||movement ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-
cerebellum
T/f ||a ||cerebral ||stroke ||would ||not ||directly ||damage ||a ||nerve ||because ||the ||nerves ||are ||not ||in ||the ||brain ||- ||
VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-true ||but ||it ||would ||impact ||them
how ||does ||the ||blood ||get ||from ||the ||heart ||to ||the ||brain? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-arteries
What ||is ||the ||PNS ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-all ||of ||the ||nervous ||system ||that ||isn't ||in ||the ||brain ||or ||spinal ||
cord
Are ||cranial ||nerves ||part ||of ||the ||CNS ||or ||PNS? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-PNS
What ||artery ||is ||most ||often ||involved ||in ||strokes? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-MCA
If ||the ||lesion ||is ||in ||the ||medulla/lower ||brainstem, ||what ||will ||the ||patient ||most ||likely ||have ||difficulty ||with?
||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-swallowing
What ||is ||the ||sequelae ||mainly ||dependent ||on? ||(2 ||things) ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-site ||of ||lesion; ||extent ||
of ||lesion ||(how ||bad ||it ||is)
In ||a ||stroke, ||what ||helps ||us ||to ||determine ||the ||sequelae? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--hemiparesis? ||
-oral ||acceptance? ||
-lingual/labial/velum ||strength ||and ||coordination ||
-sensory ||impairment? ||
-pharyngeal ||swallow ||timing
-reduced ||contraction ||
-reduced ||laryngeal ||excursion ||
-cognitive ||disturbances
would ||you ||do ||rehab, ||compensation, ||or ||both ||for ||a ||stroke ||victim ||? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-both
what ||are ||the ||2 ||types ||of ||strokes? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--Hemorrhagic: ||bleeding ||in ||the ||brain
-Ischemic: ||blood ||vessel ||supplying ||the ||brain ||is ||blocked
______ ||is ||the ||#1 ||cause ||of ||neurologic ||dysphagia ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-stroke
t/f ||most ||stroke ||patients ||impove ||swallowing ||function ||in ||about ||6 ||months ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-true
are ||brain ||injuries ||normally ||simple ||or ||complex? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-complex
what ||are ||the ||considerations ||of ||a ||brain ||injury? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--severity ||of ||damage
-open/closed ||injury
answers
what ||is ||neurogenic ||dysphagia? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-any ||issue ||with ||swallowing ||safely ||or ||efficiently ||
caused ||by ||a ||neurogenic ||disease
what ||are ||the ||causes ||of ||neurogenic ||dysphagia? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--Parkinson's
-Huntington's
-TBI ||
-CVA/stroke
-MS
-ALS
-Guillian-Barre ||Syndrome
-Alzheimer's
-Brain ||tumors
-Bulbar/Pseudobulbar ||Palsy ||
-Myathenia ||Gravis ||
-Neurotoxins
where ||can ||the ||location ||of ||the ||problem ||that ||causes ||dysphagia ||be ||(in ||neurogenic ||dysphagia) ||- ||VERIFIED
||ANSWER✔✔-brain ||or ||CNS ||
-cerebral ||cortex ||
-midbrain/subcortical
-corticobulbar ||tract
-brainstem
-cerebellum
-medulla ||
-meninges
-PNS/cranial ||nerves
what ||is ||an ||acute ||insult? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-it ||happened ||all ||of ||a ||sudden
example ||of ||acute ||insult? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-TBI/stroke
What ||are ||meninges? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-membranes ||that ||cover ||the ||brain ||and ||spinal ||cord; ||dura, ||
arachnoid, ||Pia
What ||flows ||between ||the ||meninges ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-cerebral ||spinal ||fluid
what ||is ||a ||leak ||that ||can ||make ||blood ||go ||into ||the ||CSF ||(the ||CSF ||is ||already ||full ||which ||creates ||more ||
pressure ||and ||the ||collection ||of ||blood ||SPREADS)? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-subarachnoid ||hemorrhage
What ||is ||bleeding ||of ||the ||arachnoid ||from ||up ||above ||that ||causes ||a ||collection ||of ||blood ||that ||stays ||in ||just
||that ||area ||(easier ||to ||understand ||what ||the ||deficits ||might ||be)? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-subdural ||
hematoma
what ||are ||the ||types ||of ||CVAs ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-hemorrhagic, ||ischemic
what ||is ||the ||higher ||brainstem ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-pons
, what ||is ||the ||lower ||brainstem ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-medulla
What ||are ||the ||subcortical ||structures? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-basal ||ganglia, ||thalamus, ||cerebellum
the ||basal ||ganglia ||is ||a ||key ||part ||of ||______ ||motor ||control ||of ||swallow ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-efferent
what ||does ||the ||basal ||ganglia ||do? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-modulates ||motor ||signals ||coming ||from ||the ||
cortex ||and ||cerebellum; ||connects ||the ||cortex ||and ||other ||subcortical ||structures
what ||controls ||posture, ||balance, ||and ||fine ||motor ||movement; ||motor ||movement ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-
cerebellum
T/f ||a ||cerebral ||stroke ||would ||not ||directly ||damage ||a ||nerve ||because ||the ||nerves ||are ||not ||in ||the ||brain ||- ||
VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-true ||but ||it ||would ||impact ||them
how ||does ||the ||blood ||get ||from ||the ||heart ||to ||the ||brain? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-arteries
What ||is ||the ||PNS ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-all ||of ||the ||nervous ||system ||that ||isn't ||in ||the ||brain ||or ||spinal ||
cord
Are ||cranial ||nerves ||part ||of ||the ||CNS ||or ||PNS? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-PNS
What ||artery ||is ||most ||often ||involved ||in ||strokes? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-MCA
If ||the ||lesion ||is ||in ||the ||medulla/lower ||brainstem, ||what ||will ||the ||patient ||most ||likely ||have ||difficulty ||with?
||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-swallowing
What ||is ||the ||sequelae ||mainly ||dependent ||on? ||(2 ||things) ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-site ||of ||lesion; ||extent ||
of ||lesion ||(how ||bad ||it ||is)
In ||a ||stroke, ||what ||helps ||us ||to ||determine ||the ||sequelae? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--hemiparesis? ||
-oral ||acceptance? ||
-lingual/labial/velum ||strength ||and ||coordination ||
-sensory ||impairment? ||
-pharyngeal ||swallow ||timing
-reduced ||contraction ||
-reduced ||laryngeal ||excursion ||
-cognitive ||disturbances
would ||you ||do ||rehab, ||compensation, ||or ||both ||for ||a ||stroke ||victim ||? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-both
what ||are ||the ||2 ||types ||of ||strokes? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--Hemorrhagic: ||bleeding ||in ||the ||brain
-Ischemic: ||blood ||vessel ||supplying ||the ||brain ||is ||blocked
______ ||is ||the ||#1 ||cause ||of ||neurologic ||dysphagia ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-stroke
t/f ||most ||stroke ||patients ||impove ||swallowing ||function ||in ||about ||6 ||months ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-true
are ||brain ||injuries ||normally ||simple ||or ||complex? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔-complex
what ||are ||the ||considerations ||of ||a ||brain ||injury? ||- ||VERIFIED ||ANSWER✔✔--severity ||of ||damage
-open/closed ||injury
