Primary Care 608 Set 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

Primary Care 608 Set 1 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS.

What leads show axis deviations? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Lead I

Lead aVF



What is normal axis deviation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Between 0 and +90



What is right axis deviation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅+90 to +180

negative lead I

positive aVF



What is left axis deviation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅0 to -90

positive lead I

negative aVF



What are some causes of right axis deviation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅COPD

Pulm Embolism

Pulm HTN

Cor Pulmonale

Congenital Heart Dz

RBBB

RVH- d/t pulmonary conditions

Anterior MI



What are some causes of left axis deviation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ischemic Heart Dz

,Systematic HTN

Aortic Stenosis

LV disorders (LVH)

Aortic Valve Dz

WPW

LBBB

Inferior MI



What are causes of R BBB? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅anteroseptal MI

upright



What are causes of L BBB? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅significant myocardial disease

inverted



Irregular rhythm that cycles with breathing is....? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅sinus arrhythmia



Presentation of patient with sinus brady - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- hypotension

- dizziness, syncope

- cool, clammy skin

- ischemia, CP, HF



Causes of sinus brady - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- vasovagal

- calcium channel, BB, digoxin

- cardiac dz (MI)

- hypothyroid

- sick sinus

-carotid hypersensitivity

- increased ICP

,- hypoglycemia

- hyperkalemia

- hypoxia

- hypothermia

- glaucoma



Management of sinus bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- 12-lead EKG

- no treatment if no symptoms

- NS bolus, oxygen



When should you send a patient with sinus bradycardia to higher care/consult? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅- HR < 50

- hypotension

- dyspnea

- anginal complaints



What are pharmacologic causes of sinus tachycardia? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- sympathetic
agents

- meth, cocaine

- caffeine

- bronchodilators



What are pathophysiologic causes of sinus tachycardia? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- fever

- dehydration

- hemorrhage

- PE

- hypoxemia, ischemia, infarction

- hyperthyroidism

- anxiety

, When to send a patient with sinus tachycardia to higher level of care/consult - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅If unexplained HR >110



What are some external causes of PACs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- caffeine

- alcohol

- nicotine

- cocaine

- digoxin toxicity



What are some pathophysiologic causes of PACs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- can precede SVT, a
flutter, AF

- atrial hypertrophy

- HF

- MI

- COPD

- fatigue, stress

- hypokalemia

- fevers



Management of PACs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- usually benign

- evaluate associated problem

- atenolol 50mg daily or metoprolol 100mg



Criteria for multifocal atrial tachycardia? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- at least 3 foci above AV node

- PP, PR and RR vary bc foci keeps changing

- rate > 100