Bio 253 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Verified Solutions.
Organelles are - Answer
Organs of the Urinary system - Answer kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex, Medulla, Pelvis, renal artery, renal
vein, ureter, nephron - Answer
functional unit of the kidney - Answer nephron
1 million per kidney!
What parts make up the nephron? - Answer Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
What is the glomerulus made of? - Answer capillaries
Function of a nephron - Answer filter blood and produce urine
Two nephron types - Answer juxtamedullary and cortical
juxtamedullary nephrons - Answer -Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
,How is urine made in the kidney? - Answer 1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule
into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
driving force for filtration - Answer hydrostatic pressure or BP
What fluid comes out of the glomerulus? - Answer filtrate
What is filtrate? - Answer mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste products. Glucose is
normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop - Answer Only water is absorbed in the descending limb.
Na+ chloride is absorbed in the ascending limb (no water).
Status of water coming out of nephron loop? - Answer @ Lowest concentration (diluted)
Process taking place in nephron loop? - Answer Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine).
Can also create concentrated urine from the Na+ absorbed in the ascending limb.
tubular secretion - Answer -selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal
tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
Hormones that regulate kidney function - Answer directly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
, Aldosterone function - Answer -decreases sodium and water loss in urine by returning sodium
and water to the blood
Aldosterone: Target Cells - Answer kidneys
ANH function - Answer Tells kidneys that blood volume is too high, so dumps out H20 and Na+
Effects of ADH - Answer increases reabsorption of water from urine back into plasma and
therefore, decreases the volume of water that is excreted
-secreted by posterior pituitary gland
-when a person is dehydrated, hypothalamus makes them thirsty and retains more water
because of the ADH
flow of urine through kidney - Answer Glomerulus
Bowmans Capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
Papillary duct
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Urinary Bladder
Urethra
Needed to form a blood clot - Answer Ca+, K+, fibrinogen, platlets
Hepatic drains blood from - Answer small intestine, spleen, pancreas, stomach
supplies the liver with blood form the aorta
Correct Verified Solutions.
Organelles are - Answer
Organs of the Urinary system - Answer kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex, Medulla, Pelvis, renal artery, renal
vein, ureter, nephron - Answer
functional unit of the kidney - Answer nephron
1 million per kidney!
What parts make up the nephron? - Answer Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
What is the glomerulus made of? - Answer capillaries
Function of a nephron - Answer filter blood and produce urine
Two nephron types - Answer juxtamedullary and cortical
juxtamedullary nephrons - Answer -Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
,How is urine made in the kidney? - Answer 1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule
into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
driving force for filtration - Answer hydrostatic pressure or BP
What fluid comes out of the glomerulus? - Answer filtrate
What is filtrate? - Answer mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste products. Glucose is
normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop - Answer Only water is absorbed in the descending limb.
Na+ chloride is absorbed in the ascending limb (no water).
Status of water coming out of nephron loop? - Answer @ Lowest concentration (diluted)
Process taking place in nephron loop? - Answer Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine).
Can also create concentrated urine from the Na+ absorbed in the ascending limb.
tubular secretion - Answer -selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal
tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
Hormones that regulate kidney function - Answer directly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
, Aldosterone function - Answer -decreases sodium and water loss in urine by returning sodium
and water to the blood
Aldosterone: Target Cells - Answer kidneys
ANH function - Answer Tells kidneys that blood volume is too high, so dumps out H20 and Na+
Effects of ADH - Answer increases reabsorption of water from urine back into plasma and
therefore, decreases the volume of water that is excreted
-secreted by posterior pituitary gland
-when a person is dehydrated, hypothalamus makes them thirsty and retains more water
because of the ADH
flow of urine through kidney - Answer Glomerulus
Bowmans Capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
Papillary duct
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Urinary Bladder
Urethra
Needed to form a blood clot - Answer Ca+, K+, fibrinogen, platlets
Hepatic drains blood from - Answer small intestine, spleen, pancreas, stomach
supplies the liver with blood form the aorta
