nursing fundamentals

Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Exam questions and answers a* I. Foundations of Community Health Nursing 1. Which of the following best defines community health nursing? A. Nursing care provided in hospitals. B. Focused care for individual patients only. C. Promotion and protection of the health of populations using knowledge from nursing and public health. D. Care limited to family members. Correct Answer: C Rationale: Community health nursing focuses on improving the health of entire populations and communities, integrating public health principles and nursing science. ________________________________________ 2. The primary goal of community health nursing is: A. Treatment of individual diseases. B. Hospital-based patient care. C. Promotion of health and prevention of illness in the community. D. Increasing hospital admissions. Correct Answer: C Rationale: Community health nursing emphasizes health promotion, disease prevention, and health maintenance at the population level. ________________________________________ 3. Which principle is fundamental in community health nursing practice? A. Individual-centered care. B. Illness-based approach. C. Community participation and intersectoral coordination. D. Short-term intervention strategies. Correct Answer: C Rationale: Active community involvement and collaboration with other sectors are key to effective community health interventions. ________________________________________ II. Levels and Types of Prevention 4. Administering immunizations is an example of: A. Primary prevention B. Secondary prevention C. Tertiary prevention D. Curative care Correct Answer: A Rationale: Immunizations prevent the onset of disease, making them a form of primary prevention. ________________________________________ 5. Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention? A. Health education on nutrition B. Blood pressure screening in the community C. Rehabilitation after a stroke D. Administering vaccines Correct Answer: B Rationale: Secondary prevention includes early detection and prompt treatment to halt disease progression. ________________________________________ 6. Tertiary prevention aims to: A. Prevent initial disease occurrence B. Detect disease in early stages C. Restore function and minimize complications D. Promote health among the well Correct Answer: C Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing long-term disease effects and preventing disability. ________________________________________ III. Roles and Responsibilities of Community Health Nurses 7. A key role of a community health nurse is: A. Solely providing medications B. Diagnosing diseases C. Acting as a health educator and advocate D. Focusing only on curative care Correct Answer: C Rationale: Community health nurses educate communities, advocate for health equity, and coordinate care across systems. ________________________________________ 8. A nurse performing home visits to assess living conditions and educate families about hygiene is fulfilling which role? A. Clinician B. Health educator C. Researcher D. Counselor Correct Answer: B Rationale: Educating families about hygiene promotes health and prevents disease, a primary function of the health educator role. ________________________________________ 9. When a nurse helps the community access health services, she is acting as a: A. Leader B. Care provider C. Advocate D. Counselor Correct Answer: C Rationale: Advocacy involves ensuring individuals or communities receive necessary health services and support. ________________________________________ IV. Health Education and Communication 10. The most effective method of health teaching in a rural community is: A. Distribution of leaflets only B. Lecture without discussion C. Group discussion and demonstration D. Use of scientific journals Correct Answer: C Rationale: Interactive methods like group discussion and demonstration are effective in ensuring understanding and retention. ________________________________________ 11. Health education is most successful when: A. It uses complex terminology B. It is adapted to the community's needs and culture C. It is delivered through mass media only D. It focuses only on disease Correct Answer: B Rationale: Tailoring messages to local context and culture improves receptiveness and impact. ________________________________________ V. Epidemiology and Community Diagnosis 12. The first step in conducting a community diagnosis is: A. Planning interventions B. Evaluating outcomes C. Data collection and assessment D. Referral of clients Correct Answer: C Rationale: A thorough assessment through data collection is essential to identify the community’s health needs and priorities.