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ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SUMMER 2023 UTA 5315 TEST 3 2025
BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM WITH
ANSWERS.
Simple Partial Seizure - correct answer --Consciousness remains
intact throughout seizure
-Motor symptoms often begin in face and hands
-Motor movements tend to be clonic (jerking)
Jacksonian March - correct answer -Seizure movements that
*begin in one area* of the body, then migrate and *become
widespread*
Example: Jerking starts in hand and moves up arm
Most commonly affected areas are lips, fingers, toes
Complex Partial Seizures - correct answer -Impairment in
consciousness during seizure
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Seizure may have started as a simple partial seizure which
progressed to a complex seizure w/ loss of consciousness
Patients usually have a sensory experience prior to automatism
(performance of actions without conscious thought); behaviors are
inappropriate; wide-eyed.
Automatisms - correct answer -May include lip smacking,
chewing, facial grimacing, swallowing movements, patting,
picking, rubbing oneself or clothes
Generalized Seizures - correct answer --Involve *both
hemispheres* from the time of onset
-Loss of consciousness
-Jerking throughout body
-May have automatisms
Tonic Seizure - correct answer -Muscle contraction with increased
muscle tone
Associated with excitation of thalmus & brain stem
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Clonic Seizure - correct answer -Quick, repetitive jerks
Tonic Clonic Seizure (Grand Mal) - correct answer --Alternating
stiffening (tonic) and jerking movements (clonic)
-Incontinence
-Disoriented/drowsy after seizure
Status Epilepticus - correct answer -*Medical Emergency* & can
lead to permanent neuro injury
*Continuous seizures lasting more than 5 minutes*
or
*Back to back seizures occuring before patient reaches baseline*
or
*One seizure lasting more than 30 minutes*
Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus - correct answer --No obvious
signs of seizure activity, only *altered mental status*
-Requires EEG for diagnosis
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Acute Confusional State (Delirium) - correct answer -Sudden
cerebral dysfunction; patient may be normal one minute and
delirious the next.
Signs: Confusion, agitation, memory impairments, distractibility,
compulsive behavior, obsessions
Causes are usually correctable: ETOH withdrawal, drug
intoxication, siezures, electrolyte imbalances (sodium & calcium),
hypoglycemia, hypoxia, hypercapnia, infection, head injury
Meningitis - correct answer -Infection of meninges, specifically the
pia mater
Can be bacterial, viral, fungal, TB
Most common bacterial causes of meningitis - correct answer -
*Meningococcus* - transmitted via air droplets; must be isolated
24 hours after antibiotics are started; contacts should get
prophylactic antiobiotics to prevent infection
Pneumococcus
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SUMMER 2023 UTA 5315 TEST 3 2025
BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM WITH
ANSWERS.
Simple Partial Seizure - correct answer --Consciousness remains
intact throughout seizure
-Motor symptoms often begin in face and hands
-Motor movements tend to be clonic (jerking)
Jacksonian March - correct answer -Seizure movements that
*begin in one area* of the body, then migrate and *become
widespread*
Example: Jerking starts in hand and moves up arm
Most commonly affected areas are lips, fingers, toes
Complex Partial Seizures - correct answer -Impairment in
consciousness during seizure
, Page | 2
Seizure may have started as a simple partial seizure which
progressed to a complex seizure w/ loss of consciousness
Patients usually have a sensory experience prior to automatism
(performance of actions without conscious thought); behaviors are
inappropriate; wide-eyed.
Automatisms - correct answer -May include lip smacking,
chewing, facial grimacing, swallowing movements, patting,
picking, rubbing oneself or clothes
Generalized Seizures - correct answer --Involve *both
hemispheres* from the time of onset
-Loss of consciousness
-Jerking throughout body
-May have automatisms
Tonic Seizure - correct answer -Muscle contraction with increased
muscle tone
Associated with excitation of thalmus & brain stem
, Page | 3
Clonic Seizure - correct answer -Quick, repetitive jerks
Tonic Clonic Seizure (Grand Mal) - correct answer --Alternating
stiffening (tonic) and jerking movements (clonic)
-Incontinence
-Disoriented/drowsy after seizure
Status Epilepticus - correct answer -*Medical Emergency* & can
lead to permanent neuro injury
*Continuous seizures lasting more than 5 minutes*
or
*Back to back seizures occuring before patient reaches baseline*
or
*One seizure lasting more than 30 minutes*
Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus - correct answer --No obvious
signs of seizure activity, only *altered mental status*
-Requires EEG for diagnosis
, Page | 4
Acute Confusional State (Delirium) - correct answer -Sudden
cerebral dysfunction; patient may be normal one minute and
delirious the next.
Signs: Confusion, agitation, memory impairments, distractibility,
compulsive behavior, obsessions
Causes are usually correctable: ETOH withdrawal, drug
intoxication, siezures, electrolyte imbalances (sodium & calcium),
hypoglycemia, hypoxia, hypercapnia, infection, head injury
Meningitis - correct answer -Infection of meninges, specifically the
pia mater
Can be bacterial, viral, fungal, TB
Most common bacterial causes of meningitis - correct answer -
*Meningococcus* - transmitted via air droplets; must be isolated
24 hours after antibiotics are started; contacts should get
prophylactic antiobiotics to prevent infection
Pneumococcus
