USU COMD 5070 Exam 1 - Questions With
Insightful Solutions
The Scientific Method Correct Answer - *1. empirical*
*2. deterministic*
*3. predictive*
*4. parsimonious*
Empirical Correct Answer - -based on interpret data, direct
experience to make sense of behavior
-opp. to rational approach in philosophy based on reasoning/careful
thought
Deterministic Correct Answer - -obey physical laws of
cause/effect, not random
Predictive Correct Answer - -if do this, that will happen, can
extrapolate to other situations not experienced yet
Parsimonious Correct Answer - -uses simplest explanation
possible
Why use Technology? Correct Answer - -*overcome listener
bias* - consistent, reliable data
-*describe severity of disorder objectively*
-*track progress*
-*ASHA focus on EBP*
-*provide biofeedback* to patient
Why understand Technology? Correct Answer - -examine
qualitatively, quantitatively
-machine doesn't make judgments
,-need to know normal physiology to understand/recognize
disordered
-understand numbers from instrument, provide expert
interpretation
3 Key Areas Correct Answer - 1. *acoustic phonetics*
2. *physiologic phonetics* - kinematics, aerodynamics,
electromyography
3. *speech perception*
Frequency Correct Answer - -how frequently a waveform
repeats
-Hz = cycles/second
-simplest sound - pure tones = sine waves
-complex tones - combination of pure tones
Fundamental Frequency Correct Answer - -lowest frequency
comp of complex sound
Pitch Correct Answer - -perceptual correlate of frequency
Frequency Difference Limens (DL) Correct Answer - -smallest
detectable change in freq
-DLs increase with freq - in higher freq, has to be bigger freq diff to
detect diff
-also true for comfortable listening level - as intensity decreases,
DL's become larger
Complex Tones Correct Answer - -pure tones rare in everyday
life
-complex tones have many freqs
-periodic sounds - harmonic series, integer multiples of FF
-FF often strongest
-human voice has FF and harmonics
, -if harmonics are not multiples of FF, sound more
jarring/discordant, lower quality
-quality/timbre of instruments comes from fact that some
instruments have fewer/stronger harmonics
Missing Fundamental Correct Answer - -harmonic = spacing
-harmonic absent, timbre/quality diff, pitch perceived same, brain
fills gap by interpolation/ calculation
-cheap equip, smaller speakers - simulated bass
-some listeners harder to fool
Pitch Perception in Music Correct Answer - -A or B notes
sounds equivalent up or down
-octave - douling/halving of frequency
-some note pairs blend harmoniously (are FF multiples)
-some note pairs discordant (not multiples)
-harmonic frequencies match or don't
Semitones Correct Answer - -12 semitones in one octave
-semitone= nonlinear step, each step upward bigger -about 5.9%
higher freq than one before
-no two semitones physically identical (Hz), but sound equal in step
size (related to difference limens)
Intensity Correct Answer - -amplitude or "size" of a sound, aka
volume level
-measured in dB, log scale (goes up by multiples of 10)
-different scales - intensity level (IL), sound pressure level (SPL)
-measured w/ sound level meter
Loudness Correct Answer - -perceptual characteristic
-psychophysical scale links loudness to intensity
Insightful Solutions
The Scientific Method Correct Answer - *1. empirical*
*2. deterministic*
*3. predictive*
*4. parsimonious*
Empirical Correct Answer - -based on interpret data, direct
experience to make sense of behavior
-opp. to rational approach in philosophy based on reasoning/careful
thought
Deterministic Correct Answer - -obey physical laws of
cause/effect, not random
Predictive Correct Answer - -if do this, that will happen, can
extrapolate to other situations not experienced yet
Parsimonious Correct Answer - -uses simplest explanation
possible
Why use Technology? Correct Answer - -*overcome listener
bias* - consistent, reliable data
-*describe severity of disorder objectively*
-*track progress*
-*ASHA focus on EBP*
-*provide biofeedback* to patient
Why understand Technology? Correct Answer - -examine
qualitatively, quantitatively
-machine doesn't make judgments
,-need to know normal physiology to understand/recognize
disordered
-understand numbers from instrument, provide expert
interpretation
3 Key Areas Correct Answer - 1. *acoustic phonetics*
2. *physiologic phonetics* - kinematics, aerodynamics,
electromyography
3. *speech perception*
Frequency Correct Answer - -how frequently a waveform
repeats
-Hz = cycles/second
-simplest sound - pure tones = sine waves
-complex tones - combination of pure tones
Fundamental Frequency Correct Answer - -lowest frequency
comp of complex sound
Pitch Correct Answer - -perceptual correlate of frequency
Frequency Difference Limens (DL) Correct Answer - -smallest
detectable change in freq
-DLs increase with freq - in higher freq, has to be bigger freq diff to
detect diff
-also true for comfortable listening level - as intensity decreases,
DL's become larger
Complex Tones Correct Answer - -pure tones rare in everyday
life
-complex tones have many freqs
-periodic sounds - harmonic series, integer multiples of FF
-FF often strongest
-human voice has FF and harmonics
, -if harmonics are not multiples of FF, sound more
jarring/discordant, lower quality
-quality/timbre of instruments comes from fact that some
instruments have fewer/stronger harmonics
Missing Fundamental Correct Answer - -harmonic = spacing
-harmonic absent, timbre/quality diff, pitch perceived same, brain
fills gap by interpolation/ calculation
-cheap equip, smaller speakers - simulated bass
-some listeners harder to fool
Pitch Perception in Music Correct Answer - -A or B notes
sounds equivalent up or down
-octave - douling/halving of frequency
-some note pairs blend harmoniously (are FF multiples)
-some note pairs discordant (not multiples)
-harmonic frequencies match or don't
Semitones Correct Answer - -12 semitones in one octave
-semitone= nonlinear step, each step upward bigger -about 5.9%
higher freq than one before
-no two semitones physically identical (Hz), but sound equal in step
size (related to difference limens)
Intensity Correct Answer - -amplitude or "size" of a sound, aka
volume level
-measured in dB, log scale (goes up by multiples of 10)
-different scales - intensity level (IL), sound pressure level (SPL)
-measured w/ sound level meter
Loudness Correct Answer - -perceptual characteristic
-psychophysical scale links loudness to intensity
