Nonspecific symptoms, may have classic symptoms of type I
Fatigue
Recurrent infections
Recurrent vaginal yeast or monilia infections
Prolonged wound healing
Visual changes
The onset of symptoms is gradual.
Give this one a try later!
, Diabetes Type II Clinical Manifestations
When symptoms of a stroke occur, diagnosis is need to confirm there is a stroke and
to identify the cause.
A CT scan is the primary diagnostic test. You are looking for presence or absence of
blood in the brain.
Give this one a try later!
Stroke Diagnostic Studies
Ex: regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Onset: 30 min - 1 hour
Peak 2-5 hours
Duration: 5-8 hours
Give this one a try later!
Short-Acting Insulin Onset, Peak, and Duration
3 categories are eye opening, verbal response, and motor response. There is a 3-15
point scale, if they are less than 8, they need to be intubated.
Give this one a try later!
Glasgow Coma Scale
,An emotional, social, and financially stressful situation. There are changes in roles and
responsibilities. The patient's family should be given a careful, detailed explanation of
what has happened to the patient. Family members usually haven't had time to
prepare for the illness, social services referral is often helpful.
Give this one a try later!
Nursing Management in Helping Patient Cope after a Stroke
Levodopa with carbidopa (Sinemet) is often the first drug used. It is a precursor of
dopamine (DA) and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Hypomobliity may occur with
end-of-dose "wearing off".
Effectiveness of Sinemet could wear off after a few years of therapy, therefore,
therapy is initiated with a dopamine receptor agonist instead. Sinetmet is added when
moderate-severe symptoms develop.
A side effect of Sinemet is tardive dyskinesia, uncontrolled movement of the face,
eyelids, mouth, tongue, and mental changes.
Give this one a try later!
Parkinson's Disease Drug Therapy
Antiplatelet drugs are usually the chosen treatment to prevent further stroke in
patients who have had a TIA.
Aspirin is the most frequently used antiplatelet agent.
Plavix is also used.
Warfarin is prescribed for patients with A. Fib.
tPA is used to reduce the possibility of permanent physical and functional disability
for patients with acute ischemic strokes, and must be given within 3-4.5 hours of
symptoms.
, Give this one a try later!
Stroke Prevention Drug Therapy
Spinal Accessory.
Shrug shoulders (trapezius muscle), side to side movement (sternocleidomastoid
muscle)
Give this one a try later!
Cranial Nerve XI
-Fats: eat <7% of saturated fats, include fish for polyunsaturated fatty acids
-Protein: 15-20%
-Carbs: minimum of 130g/day, use CHO counting in meal plan
-Limit alcohol
-Meals should be timed according to medication peak times
Give this one a try later!
Diabetes Dietary Management
Nerve damage due to metabolic abnormalities. Sensory neuropathy is the most
common type, a loss of sensation, abnormal sensations, pain, and paresthesia.
Loss of protective sensation (LOPS) is a primary risk for lower extremity amputation.
With LOPS the patient is unaware of foot injury, which can get infected leading to
amputation .
Give this one a try later!
Fatigue
Recurrent infections
Recurrent vaginal yeast or monilia infections
Prolonged wound healing
Visual changes
The onset of symptoms is gradual.
Give this one a try later!
, Diabetes Type II Clinical Manifestations
When symptoms of a stroke occur, diagnosis is need to confirm there is a stroke and
to identify the cause.
A CT scan is the primary diagnostic test. You are looking for presence or absence of
blood in the brain.
Give this one a try later!
Stroke Diagnostic Studies
Ex: regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Onset: 30 min - 1 hour
Peak 2-5 hours
Duration: 5-8 hours
Give this one a try later!
Short-Acting Insulin Onset, Peak, and Duration
3 categories are eye opening, verbal response, and motor response. There is a 3-15
point scale, if they are less than 8, they need to be intubated.
Give this one a try later!
Glasgow Coma Scale
,An emotional, social, and financially stressful situation. There are changes in roles and
responsibilities. The patient's family should be given a careful, detailed explanation of
what has happened to the patient. Family members usually haven't had time to
prepare for the illness, social services referral is often helpful.
Give this one a try later!
Nursing Management in Helping Patient Cope after a Stroke
Levodopa with carbidopa (Sinemet) is often the first drug used. It is a precursor of
dopamine (DA) and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Hypomobliity may occur with
end-of-dose "wearing off".
Effectiveness of Sinemet could wear off after a few years of therapy, therefore,
therapy is initiated with a dopamine receptor agonist instead. Sinetmet is added when
moderate-severe symptoms develop.
A side effect of Sinemet is tardive dyskinesia, uncontrolled movement of the face,
eyelids, mouth, tongue, and mental changes.
Give this one a try later!
Parkinson's Disease Drug Therapy
Antiplatelet drugs are usually the chosen treatment to prevent further stroke in
patients who have had a TIA.
Aspirin is the most frequently used antiplatelet agent.
Plavix is also used.
Warfarin is prescribed for patients with A. Fib.
tPA is used to reduce the possibility of permanent physical and functional disability
for patients with acute ischemic strokes, and must be given within 3-4.5 hours of
symptoms.
, Give this one a try later!
Stroke Prevention Drug Therapy
Spinal Accessory.
Shrug shoulders (trapezius muscle), side to side movement (sternocleidomastoid
muscle)
Give this one a try later!
Cranial Nerve XI
-Fats: eat <7% of saturated fats, include fish for polyunsaturated fatty acids
-Protein: 15-20%
-Carbs: minimum of 130g/day, use CHO counting in meal plan
-Limit alcohol
-Meals should be timed according to medication peak times
Give this one a try later!
Diabetes Dietary Management
Nerve damage due to metabolic abnormalities. Sensory neuropathy is the most
common type, a loss of sensation, abnormal sensations, pain, and paresthesia.
Loss of protective sensation (LOPS) is a primary risk for lower extremity amputation.
With LOPS the patient is unaware of foot injury, which can get infected leading to
amputation .
Give this one a try later!
