NURA 230 Cancer Exam Questions with Correct Answers Graded A+
incidence - Answers # of new cases occurring in a specific year
Cancer Incidence - Answers higher in men than women, declining d/t prevention, increase in cancers
that there aren't many tests for
prevalence - Answers total # of people alive today, diagnosed in the current year AND diagnosed in
previous years
cancer cells - Answers invade adjacent tissues, lack contact inhibition, in metastasize important to find
origination
Benign Neoplasm - Answers slow growing, localized, encapsulated, no neoplastic cells, usually harmless,
prognosis good
Malignant Neoplams - Answers rapid growth, mets common, anapestic cells present, always harmful,
prognosis depends on type
development of cancer 3 phases - Answers Initiation, Promotion and Progression
Initiation phase - Answers mutation of cells genetic structure, factors associated: chemicals, radiation,
viruses, genetics
Promotion phase - Answers altered genes and promoting agents, promoting agents: dietary fat, obesity,
smoking, alcohol
latent period - Answers time between genetic alteration and clinical presentation of disease
Progression phase - Answers where you see symptoms , increased growth rate, increase evasiveness
primary prevention - Answers before pathological things have happened - stop smoking, lose weight,
drink more water
secondary prevention - Answers mammogram, pap, skin looked at
7 warning signs of cancer - Answers changes in bowel/bladder, sore that doesn't heal, unusual bleeding,
thickening or lump, diff swallowing, mole changes, nagging cough
breast exam - Answers mammogram at 40, do a self breast exam
colon cancer - Answers start at age 50 (unless family hx), have to do a prep (cl liquids the day
before/laxatives), will usually cramp afterward
other colon ca test - Answers guaiac or FOBT yearly (check for blood)
prostate/testicular cancer - Answers PSA test (has high incidence of false results) - can just be elevated,
difficult to urinate, testicular monthly exam age 20-40
incidence - Answers # of new cases occurring in a specific year
Cancer Incidence - Answers higher in men than women, declining d/t prevention, increase in cancers
that there aren't many tests for
prevalence - Answers total # of people alive today, diagnosed in the current year AND diagnosed in
previous years
cancer cells - Answers invade adjacent tissues, lack contact inhibition, in metastasize important to find
origination
Benign Neoplasm - Answers slow growing, localized, encapsulated, no neoplastic cells, usually harmless,
prognosis good
Malignant Neoplams - Answers rapid growth, mets common, anapestic cells present, always harmful,
prognosis depends on type
development of cancer 3 phases - Answers Initiation, Promotion and Progression
Initiation phase - Answers mutation of cells genetic structure, factors associated: chemicals, radiation,
viruses, genetics
Promotion phase - Answers altered genes and promoting agents, promoting agents: dietary fat, obesity,
smoking, alcohol
latent period - Answers time between genetic alteration and clinical presentation of disease
Progression phase - Answers where you see symptoms , increased growth rate, increase evasiveness
primary prevention - Answers before pathological things have happened - stop smoking, lose weight,
drink more water
secondary prevention - Answers mammogram, pap, skin looked at
7 warning signs of cancer - Answers changes in bowel/bladder, sore that doesn't heal, unusual bleeding,
thickening or lump, diff swallowing, mole changes, nagging cough
breast exam - Answers mammogram at 40, do a self breast exam
colon cancer - Answers start at age 50 (unless family hx), have to do a prep (cl liquids the day
before/laxatives), will usually cramp afterward
other colon ca test - Answers guaiac or FOBT yearly (check for blood)
prostate/testicular cancer - Answers PSA test (has high incidence of false results) - can just be elevated,
difficult to urinate, testicular monthly exam age 20-40
