Portage Learning A&P II: Final Exam
1. This is a collection of cell bodies found in the Ganglia
peripheral nervous system.
2. This part of the autonomic system increases Parasympathetic
digestion.
3. The ventral root of a nerve contains what type Motor (Efferent)
of neurons?
4. This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses Axon
away from the cell body.
5. An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of Central nervous system
the:
6. Describe the synthesis and storage of neuro- The neuron cell body manufactures
transmitters. neurotransmitters, which are stored
in secretory vesicles at the end of
axon terminals.
7. An afferent neuron carries information: From the peripheral to the central
nervous system
8. What is the location and function of Astro- Astrocytes form the blood/brain bar-
cytes? rier, are found in the brain, and are
part of the CNS
9. A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate
accident and then reattached during surgery. the length of the axon through axonal
Would the patient be expected to regrow ax- regeneration because of the growth
ons in their thumb? Why or why not? of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
10. Name and describe what is occurring in the Depolarization: The sodium gates
neuron cell membrane in section 2 of the di- open and sodium rushes into the
, Portage Learning A&P II: Final Exam
agram. Include the charge of the membrane axon during the depolarization phase
during this phase. of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on
up to +40 mV.
11. At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is: -70mV
12. Which of the following is false concerning the The overall effect is a negative charge
sodium-potassium pump? on the outside of the membrane.
13. True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling False. The action potential is always
the body of a light touch. This means that the the same. The frequency and number
strength of the action potential is weaker than of nuerons activated change the in-
usual. Explain your reasoning. crease in intensity.
14. Which of the following statements is false con- Ach is released from the presynaptic
cerning the neuromuscular junction? motor neuron to cause an action po-
tential in the muscle fiber.
15. How is a message sent from one neuron to A signal travels from the cell body
another? through the axon and releases
neurotransmitters into the synapse.
These nuerotransmitters bind with
receptor that carry the message to the
dendrite of the next neuron, and the
process begins again.
16. What neurotransmitter helps regulate emo- Dopamine
tional responses and muscle tone?
17. In a reflex, the ____________ neuron conducts Sensory (afferent)
nerve impulses along a pathway towards the
central nervous system.
, Portage Learning A&P II: Final Exam
18. This part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up The integration center
of one or more synapses.
19. What is true about the stretch reflex? The muscle spindle detects stretch
within the muscle.
20. What is true about the flexor withdrawal re- It involves excitatory interneurons.
flex? It involves inhibitory interneurons.
21. Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List Stretch on patellar tendon (tapping
out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pathway patellar tendon)
of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory Muscle spindle detects stretch
organs involved and the action of the reflex. Afferent (sensory) neuron through
DRG
Spinal cord
Synapses directly on a motor neuron
(efferent)
Action: To muscle fiber to contract
quadriceps (kicking foot)
22. Botulism is a disease caused by a neurotox- Acetylcholine triggers the release of
in that interferes with the release of Acetyl- sodium ions. The sodium ions reach
choline. Patients with this disease experience the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which in
flaccid paralysis, or the inability to contract turn release calcium ions that begin
their muscles. Explain why this would occur. muscle contraction. If acetylcholine is
not able to be released, the muscle
contraction would not be possible.
23. This layer of the meninges is tightly attached Pia Mater
to the brain.
24. The _______ fissure separates the right and left transverse median
cerebral hemispheres.
1. This is a collection of cell bodies found in the Ganglia
peripheral nervous system.
2. This part of the autonomic system increases Parasympathetic
digestion.
3. The ventral root of a nerve contains what type Motor (Efferent)
of neurons?
4. This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses Axon
away from the cell body.
5. An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of Central nervous system
the:
6. Describe the synthesis and storage of neuro- The neuron cell body manufactures
transmitters. neurotransmitters, which are stored
in secretory vesicles at the end of
axon terminals.
7. An afferent neuron carries information: From the peripheral to the central
nervous system
8. What is the location and function of Astro- Astrocytes form the blood/brain bar-
cytes? rier, are found in the brain, and are
part of the CNS
9. A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate
accident and then reattached during surgery. the length of the axon through axonal
Would the patient be expected to regrow ax- regeneration because of the growth
ons in their thumb? Why or why not? of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
10. Name and describe what is occurring in the Depolarization: The sodium gates
neuron cell membrane in section 2 of the di- open and sodium rushes into the
, Portage Learning A&P II: Final Exam
agram. Include the charge of the membrane axon during the depolarization phase
during this phase. of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on
up to +40 mV.
11. At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is: -70mV
12. Which of the following is false concerning the The overall effect is a negative charge
sodium-potassium pump? on the outside of the membrane.
13. True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling False. The action potential is always
the body of a light touch. This means that the the same. The frequency and number
strength of the action potential is weaker than of nuerons activated change the in-
usual. Explain your reasoning. crease in intensity.
14. Which of the following statements is false con- Ach is released from the presynaptic
cerning the neuromuscular junction? motor neuron to cause an action po-
tential in the muscle fiber.
15. How is a message sent from one neuron to A signal travels from the cell body
another? through the axon and releases
neurotransmitters into the synapse.
These nuerotransmitters bind with
receptor that carry the message to the
dendrite of the next neuron, and the
process begins again.
16. What neurotransmitter helps regulate emo- Dopamine
tional responses and muscle tone?
17. In a reflex, the ____________ neuron conducts Sensory (afferent)
nerve impulses along a pathway towards the
central nervous system.
, Portage Learning A&P II: Final Exam
18. This part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up The integration center
of one or more synapses.
19. What is true about the stretch reflex? The muscle spindle detects stretch
within the muscle.
20. What is true about the flexor withdrawal re- It involves excitatory interneurons.
flex? It involves inhibitory interneurons.
21. Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List Stretch on patellar tendon (tapping
out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pathway patellar tendon)
of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory Muscle spindle detects stretch
organs involved and the action of the reflex. Afferent (sensory) neuron through
DRG
Spinal cord
Synapses directly on a motor neuron
(efferent)
Action: To muscle fiber to contract
quadriceps (kicking foot)
22. Botulism is a disease caused by a neurotox- Acetylcholine triggers the release of
in that interferes with the release of Acetyl- sodium ions. The sodium ions reach
choline. Patients with this disease experience the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which in
flaccid paralysis, or the inability to contract turn release calcium ions that begin
their muscles. Explain why this would occur. muscle contraction. If acetylcholine is
not able to be released, the muscle
contraction would not be possible.
23. This layer of the meninges is tightly attached Pia Mater
to the brain.
24. The _______ fissure separates the right and left transverse median
cerebral hemispheres.
