EDF 6225 Final Exam Study Questions and Verified Answers

EDF 6225 Final Exam Study Questions and Verified Answers Conditioned punisher A previously neutral stimulus change that functions as a punisher because of prior pairing with one or more other punishers. Unconditioned punisher A stimulus that, usually, is punishing without any prior learning. Conditioned reinforcer a stimulus that has acquired reinforcing properties through prior learning Unconditioned Reinforcer A stimulus that, usually, is reinforcing without any prior learning. Side effects of punishment May lead to an increase in other undesirable behavior. Can lead to problems such as escape & avoidance, emotional outbursts, and behavioral contrast. Reinforcer any event that strengthens the behavior it follows Punisher A stimulus change that decreases the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it. Hernstein's Matching Law suggests that when different schedules of reinforcement are available at the same time for different behaviors, individuals will distribute their behavior according to the relative rates of reinforcement available for each option. Antecedent, behavior, consequence The three-term contingency is made of these three terms: Antecedent is the environmental conditions or stimulus changes that exist or occur prior to the behavior of interest. Behavior An organism's interaction with the environment. Consequence is anything immediately following a behavior in which we are interested. Makes the behavior more or less likely to happen in the future. Discriminative Stimulus (SD) is the antecedent stimulus that has stimulus control over behavior because the behavior was reliably reinforced in the presence of that stimulus in the past. It signals the availability of a particular reinforcer for a particular behavior. Motivating Operation (MO) influences the effectiveness of a reinforcer or punisher while also influencing the frequency of the specific behavior.