Sarah Michelle crash course Study Guide
Review, Exams of Nursing
Treatment for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - ANSWER-Doxycycline for any age and regardless of
pregnancy
Presentation of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - ANSWER-Rash on palms of hands and soles of feet
pops up after 3-5 days of initial treatment
Presentation of Lyme Disease - ANSWER-Bulls eye rash
Lyme disease is also known as... - ANSWER-Erythema migrans
Treatment for Lyme disease over 8 years old - ANSWER-Doxycycline
Treatment for Lyme disease less than 8 years old - ANSWER-Amoxicillin
Aphthous Stomatitis vs herpes - ANSWER-Aphthous Stomatits: kanker sore inside the mouth
Herpes: painful clustered vesicles located outside the mouth
Treatment for herpes - ANSWER-Antivirals with 48-72 hours
Valtrex or Acyclovir
Impetigo - 2 causes of bacteria - ANSWER-Staph aureus & strep pyogenies
Impetigo presentation - ANSWER-Honey crusted lesions
2 types of Impetigo treatment - ANSWER-Bullous: PO antibiotics
Nonbollous: mupirocin ointment
Pityriasis Rosea presentation - ANSWER-Christmas tree like pattern rash
Herald Patch
pityoriasis rosea treatment - ANSWER-Self limiting
Rubeola presentation - ANSWER-Cough, congestion, conjunctivitis (3 C's).
3-5 days after the 3 C's a rash appears ( measles, rubella, Koplik spots)
Rubeola prevention - ANSWER-MMR vaccine after 12 months old
( live vaccine)
Mumps presentation - ANSWER-Parotid gland swelling
Sialolithiasis: what is it! - ANSWER-Salivary gland stone
Mass under chin when eating
actinic keratosis presentation - ANSWER-Dry pink lesions on a sun exposed area
actinic keratosis treatment - ANSWER-5FU cream (topical chemo) and use liquid nitrogen
(cryotherapy)
If actinic keratosis is left untreated, what can it develop into? - ANSWER-squamous cell carcinoma
,sqamous cell carcinoma presentation - ANSWER-Slow growing scaly ulcerated, bleeds easily
if squamous cell CA is suspected and a visible lesion is present, the next step should be - ANSWER-
Refer to dermatology
ABCDEs of melanoma - ANSWER-asymmetry, border, color, diameter >6 mm, evolving
seborrheic keratosis: do lesions need to be removed - ANSWER-No- they are benign
most common type of skin cancer - ANSWER-basal cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma presentation - ANSWER-Shiny, waxy, pearly
May see telangiectasia with this
basal cell carcinoma : what should we do if we see this - ANSWER-Refer to derm
Another name for atopic dermatitis - ANSWER-Eczema
eczema (atopic dermatitis) presentation - ANSWER-Pruitic, itch scratch cycle. Located on flexor
surfaces (like back of knees, axilla, elbows) .
Eczema, atopic dermatitis - treatment - ANSWER-Topical corticosteroids
3A's - ANSWER-Asthma, allergies, atopic dermatitis
Plaque Psoriasis presentation - ANSWER-Silvery scales, itches
auspitz sign, psoriasis - ANSWER-pinpoint bleeding after a scale is removed or after
Koebner phenomenon - ANSWER-new psoriatic plaques form over areas of skin trauma. Trauma to
skin leads to having plaque in that spot
Plaque psoriasis treatment - ANSWER-Topical steroids
Contact dermatitis treatment - ANSWER-avoid offending agents, corticosteroids
Shingles presentation - ANSWER-Severe, piercing, burning, stabbing nerve pain along a dermatome
Vesicular rash in same area appears a few days after pain
Typically unilateral
Lesions last 3-5 days
Can spread to visceral organs or ocular region
shingles (herpes zoster) treatment - ANSWER-Antivirals with 48 hours of onset of symptoms
Acyclovir ( cheapest) or
Valcyclovir
Shingles prevention - ANSWER-Shingrix (50 years and older). Most effective and preferred because it's
inactivated. We can give out no matter when the last outbreak was.
Zostavax (at age 60). Live vaccine. Must wait 2-6 months after an outbreak
Which type of shingles must be referred out? - ANSWER-Shingles close to the eyes. Refer to
ophthalmology. It may lead to vision loss
Scabies presentation - ANSWER-- itching because it burrows into skin and lays eggs.
Contagious
, - most intense time of itching is often at night.
- Wrists, elbows, fingers, and toes are among the common distribution sites for scabies.
- classic lesion for scabies is about a 5-10 mm curvilinear thread-like lesion--the burrow; but infants
often do not have burrows on presentation.
Scabies treatment - ANSWER-Permethrin 5% cream (Remember you have 5 fingers)
Starve mites by sealing them in a bag for about 10 days.
Wash everything in house with hot water. Usually have to repeat treatment
chicken pox prevention - ANSWER-Live attenuated vaccine
Only to be given after 12 months old
When can children return to school after chickenpox - ANSWER-When all the lesions are crushed over
Molluscum contagiosum presentation - ANSWER-Flesh-colored papules w/ central umbilication.
Contagious
anthrax presentation - ANSWER-Ulcerated, black, and painless
Who would you typically see anthrax in? - ANSWER-Cattle farmers
Anthrax treatment - ANSWER-Ciprofloxacin for another 2 months
alternative treatment doxycycline
Hidradenitis suppurativa presentation - ANSWER-Painful and reoccurring in axillae
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Treatment - ANSWER-Warm compress and antibiotics
If large abscess- may need incision and drainage to obtain cultures
Folliculitis - ANSWER-inflammation / infection of the hair follicles
Follliculitis treatment - ANSWER-Mupirocin
If severe: PO abx like PCN or Keflex
Leukoplakia - ANSWER-Cannot be scraped off tongue
Refer to dentist
Most commonly seen in HIV patients
May be detrimental with enamel
Candidiasis (Thrush) - ANSWER-Thick, white, raised patches in the mouth
Can be scraped off
Candidiasis (Thrush) treatment - ANSWER-Nystatin swish and spit
Encopresis - ANSWER-a childhood disorder characterized by repeated defecating in inappropriate
places, such as one's clothing after already being toilet trained.
Child resists having bowel movements, causing impacted stool to collect in the colon and rectum and
lead to leakage.
Encopresis Treatment - ANSWER-Daily laxatives until BM is soft and regular
Behavior management: toilet refusal behavior, scheduled toileting time, incentives.
Prevention of constipation
Counseling
Reduce family tension
What indicates hepatitis B immune - ANSWER-Hepatitis surface antibody
Review, Exams of Nursing
Treatment for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - ANSWER-Doxycycline for any age and regardless of
pregnancy
Presentation of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - ANSWER-Rash on palms of hands and soles of feet
pops up after 3-5 days of initial treatment
Presentation of Lyme Disease - ANSWER-Bulls eye rash
Lyme disease is also known as... - ANSWER-Erythema migrans
Treatment for Lyme disease over 8 years old - ANSWER-Doxycycline
Treatment for Lyme disease less than 8 years old - ANSWER-Amoxicillin
Aphthous Stomatitis vs herpes - ANSWER-Aphthous Stomatits: kanker sore inside the mouth
Herpes: painful clustered vesicles located outside the mouth
Treatment for herpes - ANSWER-Antivirals with 48-72 hours
Valtrex or Acyclovir
Impetigo - 2 causes of bacteria - ANSWER-Staph aureus & strep pyogenies
Impetigo presentation - ANSWER-Honey crusted lesions
2 types of Impetigo treatment - ANSWER-Bullous: PO antibiotics
Nonbollous: mupirocin ointment
Pityriasis Rosea presentation - ANSWER-Christmas tree like pattern rash
Herald Patch
pityoriasis rosea treatment - ANSWER-Self limiting
Rubeola presentation - ANSWER-Cough, congestion, conjunctivitis (3 C's).
3-5 days after the 3 C's a rash appears ( measles, rubella, Koplik spots)
Rubeola prevention - ANSWER-MMR vaccine after 12 months old
( live vaccine)
Mumps presentation - ANSWER-Parotid gland swelling
Sialolithiasis: what is it! - ANSWER-Salivary gland stone
Mass under chin when eating
actinic keratosis presentation - ANSWER-Dry pink lesions on a sun exposed area
actinic keratosis treatment - ANSWER-5FU cream (topical chemo) and use liquid nitrogen
(cryotherapy)
If actinic keratosis is left untreated, what can it develop into? - ANSWER-squamous cell carcinoma
,sqamous cell carcinoma presentation - ANSWER-Slow growing scaly ulcerated, bleeds easily
if squamous cell CA is suspected and a visible lesion is present, the next step should be - ANSWER-
Refer to dermatology
ABCDEs of melanoma - ANSWER-asymmetry, border, color, diameter >6 mm, evolving
seborrheic keratosis: do lesions need to be removed - ANSWER-No- they are benign
most common type of skin cancer - ANSWER-basal cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma presentation - ANSWER-Shiny, waxy, pearly
May see telangiectasia with this
basal cell carcinoma : what should we do if we see this - ANSWER-Refer to derm
Another name for atopic dermatitis - ANSWER-Eczema
eczema (atopic dermatitis) presentation - ANSWER-Pruitic, itch scratch cycle. Located on flexor
surfaces (like back of knees, axilla, elbows) .
Eczema, atopic dermatitis - treatment - ANSWER-Topical corticosteroids
3A's - ANSWER-Asthma, allergies, atopic dermatitis
Plaque Psoriasis presentation - ANSWER-Silvery scales, itches
auspitz sign, psoriasis - ANSWER-pinpoint bleeding after a scale is removed or after
Koebner phenomenon - ANSWER-new psoriatic plaques form over areas of skin trauma. Trauma to
skin leads to having plaque in that spot
Plaque psoriasis treatment - ANSWER-Topical steroids
Contact dermatitis treatment - ANSWER-avoid offending agents, corticosteroids
Shingles presentation - ANSWER-Severe, piercing, burning, stabbing nerve pain along a dermatome
Vesicular rash in same area appears a few days after pain
Typically unilateral
Lesions last 3-5 days
Can spread to visceral organs or ocular region
shingles (herpes zoster) treatment - ANSWER-Antivirals with 48 hours of onset of symptoms
Acyclovir ( cheapest) or
Valcyclovir
Shingles prevention - ANSWER-Shingrix (50 years and older). Most effective and preferred because it's
inactivated. We can give out no matter when the last outbreak was.
Zostavax (at age 60). Live vaccine. Must wait 2-6 months after an outbreak
Which type of shingles must be referred out? - ANSWER-Shingles close to the eyes. Refer to
ophthalmology. It may lead to vision loss
Scabies presentation - ANSWER-- itching because it burrows into skin and lays eggs.
Contagious
, - most intense time of itching is often at night.
- Wrists, elbows, fingers, and toes are among the common distribution sites for scabies.
- classic lesion for scabies is about a 5-10 mm curvilinear thread-like lesion--the burrow; but infants
often do not have burrows on presentation.
Scabies treatment - ANSWER-Permethrin 5% cream (Remember you have 5 fingers)
Starve mites by sealing them in a bag for about 10 days.
Wash everything in house with hot water. Usually have to repeat treatment
chicken pox prevention - ANSWER-Live attenuated vaccine
Only to be given after 12 months old
When can children return to school after chickenpox - ANSWER-When all the lesions are crushed over
Molluscum contagiosum presentation - ANSWER-Flesh-colored papules w/ central umbilication.
Contagious
anthrax presentation - ANSWER-Ulcerated, black, and painless
Who would you typically see anthrax in? - ANSWER-Cattle farmers
Anthrax treatment - ANSWER-Ciprofloxacin for another 2 months
alternative treatment doxycycline
Hidradenitis suppurativa presentation - ANSWER-Painful and reoccurring in axillae
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Treatment - ANSWER-Warm compress and antibiotics
If large abscess- may need incision and drainage to obtain cultures
Folliculitis - ANSWER-inflammation / infection of the hair follicles
Follliculitis treatment - ANSWER-Mupirocin
If severe: PO abx like PCN or Keflex
Leukoplakia - ANSWER-Cannot be scraped off tongue
Refer to dentist
Most commonly seen in HIV patients
May be detrimental with enamel
Candidiasis (Thrush) - ANSWER-Thick, white, raised patches in the mouth
Can be scraped off
Candidiasis (Thrush) treatment - ANSWER-Nystatin swish and spit
Encopresis - ANSWER-a childhood disorder characterized by repeated defecating in inappropriate
places, such as one's clothing after already being toilet trained.
Child resists having bowel movements, causing impacted stool to collect in the colon and rectum and
lead to leakage.
Encopresis Treatment - ANSWER-Daily laxatives until BM is soft and regular
Behavior management: toilet refusal behavior, scheduled toileting time, incentives.
Prevention of constipation
Counseling
Reduce family tension
What indicates hepatitis B immune - ANSWER-Hepatitis surface antibody
