British History A-level at a glance
Politics: TUs / Industrial Relations:
918 (1928) Representation of the Peoples Act (II)
1 921 Miners Strike, mines privatised, owners cut wage
1
1922 DLG scandal and ‘back’ Labour minority gov 1926 General Strike, Sam Commission for 13.5% cut
1936 decline of BUF, ref Mosely, shows no extremists 1927 Trade Disputes Act, sympathetic strike illegal
1945 + 1950 Labour win election, Tory rely on Churchill 1930s NUWM grew as economy deteriorated, ‘wildcat’
1955 Tory win election, Labour used rationing, 45% tax 1941 Essential Work Order (Bevin), made people work
1963 Profumo Scandal, Tory Head of War caught 50s-60s Unemployment tamed, more opportunities
1964 Labour win election, budget deficit, TU days lost 70s, ‘welfare state’ left, (structural) unemployment rises
1970 Tory win election, Barber budget, bad economy 1973-1974 Miners Strike, Heath increased pay by 35%
1973-1974 Miners Strike, Heath 3-day-week, TU power 1978-1979 Winter Discontent, Callaghan < TU power
Social / Living Standards: Pop culture / Entertainment:
918 Addison Act, gov subsidies for 500,000 houses
1 922 First BBC Radio broadcast
1
1920 1 million unemployed, constant, resort to begging 1920’s Cinema very popular (WW2), declines 1970’s
1930’s consumerism,electriccookerssales up by 300% 1928 ‘Firstborn’ stigma about child out of wedlock
1930’s Unemployment, London = 11%, Wales = 40% 1930s=jazz 1950s=teds, 1960s=mods 1970s=rockers
1946-1948 Labour forced to ration bread 1959 ‘I’m Alright Jack’, popular, funny film on ‘lil’ strikes
1946 New Towns Act, gov issues ‘towns’ to be made 1966 ‘Cathy Come Home’, impact of no job and debt
1950s->1960s->1970s real disposable income grew 1967 Radioreorganisationforyouthbc of pirate radioes
1954 Hire-Purchase Act, people can buy on credit 1971 ‘Get Carter’ revenge, relaxed rules so drugs+sex
1967 7.5 million people lived below poverty line, ‘Airey’ 1975 Commercial radio license, BBC loses monopoly
Immigration: Education:
920Alien Orders Act,immigrant register to live/work
1 918 Fisher Act, school leaving age raised to 14yo
1
1948 British Nationality Act, ‘ruled’ people work here 1942 Beveridge Report, highlighted ‘ignorance’ as evil
1958 Notting Hill riots, riots aimed at Caribbean homes 1944 Butler Act, secondary school free, tripartite, 15yo
1962 Commonwealth Immigrant Act, only come if job 1959 Crowther Report, unequal access, students go
1965 Race Relations Act, public discrimination illegal 1963 Newsom Report, care for below-average kids
1968 Race Relations Act, 1965 Crossland Circular, phasing in comprehensive
1968 Commonwealth Immigration Act,grandpapresent 1971 first students to enrol in the Open University
1976 Race Relations Act, housing / job laws furthered 1976 Education Act, more for special needs + milk
Women: Healthcare:
919 Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act, any job role
1 929 Local government Act, Poor Law inst.->hospitals
1
1928 Representation of the Peoples Act, women=men 1939 Emergency Medical Services, created for WW1
1937 Matrimonial Causes Act, divorce grounds bigger 1944 White Paper, national healthcare paid for by tax
1945 Family Allowance Act, CB paid to mothers 1948 NHS built, free healthcare, except eyes + teeth
1961 the ‘pill’ introduced for married women online 1959 Mental Health Act, ‘destigmatised’ mental issues
1967 Family Planning Act, the ‘pill’ for all women 1962 Hospital Plan, increase efficiency, cut in beds
1967 Abortion Act 1973 NHS Reorganisation Act, tripartite-> regionalcare
1975 Equal Pay Act, illegal to favour men 1970’ NHS ‘victim of its own success’, big population
Welfare: Economics:
920 Unemployment Insurance Act, ‘dole’ £, expanded
1 918 ¾ million men lost from WW1
1
1931 National Economy Act, means tested, hours inc. 1929 Wall Street Crash, bad for coal, iron, steel
1939-1945 rationing, diet improves, black market, skirt 1934 Special Areas Act, where gov assistance needed
1942 Beveridge Report, advocated universal benefits 1939-1945 increase military expenditure, rearmament
1946 Industrial Injuries Act, enforced compensation 1946-1949 Labour nationalised coal, gas, iron, steel
1946 National Insurance Act, pensions, benefits for all 50s-60s ‘Stop-go’ economics, Tory use before election
1948 National Assistance Act, covered those no in NI 1962 -> NEDDY and NICKY, bridge for gov and TUs
1946 National Health Service Act, promise of a NHS 1973 Oil Crisis, inflation with existing unemployment
1970 National Insurance Act, pensions, subsidies, CB 1976 $3.9 billion IMF loan, Callaghan forced to cut GS
Leisure time / Travel: Extra:
920’s Horse racing, for WC greyhound racing
1
1930 (1934) Road Traffic Act, speed limits, TPI, license
1934 almost2.5million cars,1930’s mass road-building
1936 BBC broadcasting football, (MC) spectator sport
1938 Holidays with Pay Act, increased WC holidaying
1948 Cricket grew in popularity, creation of ‘Ashes’ (all)
1950’s seaside resorts grew (Butlins), but then foreign
1960’s ‘Hippy Trail’ youth went through India + Nepal
1970’s 16-20 hours of TV, domesticated entertainment
Politics: TUs / Industrial Relations:
918 (1928) Representation of the Peoples Act (II)
1 921 Miners Strike, mines privatised, owners cut wage
1
1922 DLG scandal and ‘back’ Labour minority gov 1926 General Strike, Sam Commission for 13.5% cut
1936 decline of BUF, ref Mosely, shows no extremists 1927 Trade Disputes Act, sympathetic strike illegal
1945 + 1950 Labour win election, Tory rely on Churchill 1930s NUWM grew as economy deteriorated, ‘wildcat’
1955 Tory win election, Labour used rationing, 45% tax 1941 Essential Work Order (Bevin), made people work
1963 Profumo Scandal, Tory Head of War caught 50s-60s Unemployment tamed, more opportunities
1964 Labour win election, budget deficit, TU days lost 70s, ‘welfare state’ left, (structural) unemployment rises
1970 Tory win election, Barber budget, bad economy 1973-1974 Miners Strike, Heath increased pay by 35%
1973-1974 Miners Strike, Heath 3-day-week, TU power 1978-1979 Winter Discontent, Callaghan < TU power
Social / Living Standards: Pop culture / Entertainment:
918 Addison Act, gov subsidies for 500,000 houses
1 922 First BBC Radio broadcast
1
1920 1 million unemployed, constant, resort to begging 1920’s Cinema very popular (WW2), declines 1970’s
1930’s consumerism,electriccookerssales up by 300% 1928 ‘Firstborn’ stigma about child out of wedlock
1930’s Unemployment, London = 11%, Wales = 40% 1930s=jazz 1950s=teds, 1960s=mods 1970s=rockers
1946-1948 Labour forced to ration bread 1959 ‘I’m Alright Jack’, popular, funny film on ‘lil’ strikes
1946 New Towns Act, gov issues ‘towns’ to be made 1966 ‘Cathy Come Home’, impact of no job and debt
1950s->1960s->1970s real disposable income grew 1967 Radioreorganisationforyouthbc of pirate radioes
1954 Hire-Purchase Act, people can buy on credit 1971 ‘Get Carter’ revenge, relaxed rules so drugs+sex
1967 7.5 million people lived below poverty line, ‘Airey’ 1975 Commercial radio license, BBC loses monopoly
Immigration: Education:
920Alien Orders Act,immigrant register to live/work
1 918 Fisher Act, school leaving age raised to 14yo
1
1948 British Nationality Act, ‘ruled’ people work here 1942 Beveridge Report, highlighted ‘ignorance’ as evil
1958 Notting Hill riots, riots aimed at Caribbean homes 1944 Butler Act, secondary school free, tripartite, 15yo
1962 Commonwealth Immigrant Act, only come if job 1959 Crowther Report, unequal access, students go
1965 Race Relations Act, public discrimination illegal 1963 Newsom Report, care for below-average kids
1968 Race Relations Act, 1965 Crossland Circular, phasing in comprehensive
1968 Commonwealth Immigration Act,grandpapresent 1971 first students to enrol in the Open University
1976 Race Relations Act, housing / job laws furthered 1976 Education Act, more for special needs + milk
Women: Healthcare:
919 Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act, any job role
1 929 Local government Act, Poor Law inst.->hospitals
1
1928 Representation of the Peoples Act, women=men 1939 Emergency Medical Services, created for WW1
1937 Matrimonial Causes Act, divorce grounds bigger 1944 White Paper, national healthcare paid for by tax
1945 Family Allowance Act, CB paid to mothers 1948 NHS built, free healthcare, except eyes + teeth
1961 the ‘pill’ introduced for married women online 1959 Mental Health Act, ‘destigmatised’ mental issues
1967 Family Planning Act, the ‘pill’ for all women 1962 Hospital Plan, increase efficiency, cut in beds
1967 Abortion Act 1973 NHS Reorganisation Act, tripartite-> regionalcare
1975 Equal Pay Act, illegal to favour men 1970’ NHS ‘victim of its own success’, big population
Welfare: Economics:
920 Unemployment Insurance Act, ‘dole’ £, expanded
1 918 ¾ million men lost from WW1
1
1931 National Economy Act, means tested, hours inc. 1929 Wall Street Crash, bad for coal, iron, steel
1939-1945 rationing, diet improves, black market, skirt 1934 Special Areas Act, where gov assistance needed
1942 Beveridge Report, advocated universal benefits 1939-1945 increase military expenditure, rearmament
1946 Industrial Injuries Act, enforced compensation 1946-1949 Labour nationalised coal, gas, iron, steel
1946 National Insurance Act, pensions, benefits for all 50s-60s ‘Stop-go’ economics, Tory use before election
1948 National Assistance Act, covered those no in NI 1962 -> NEDDY and NICKY, bridge for gov and TUs
1946 National Health Service Act, promise of a NHS 1973 Oil Crisis, inflation with existing unemployment
1970 National Insurance Act, pensions, subsidies, CB 1976 $3.9 billion IMF loan, Callaghan forced to cut GS
Leisure time / Travel: Extra:
920’s Horse racing, for WC greyhound racing
1
1930 (1934) Road Traffic Act, speed limits, TPI, license
1934 almost2.5million cars,1930’s mass road-building
1936 BBC broadcasting football, (MC) spectator sport
1938 Holidays with Pay Act, increased WC holidaying
1948 Cricket grew in popularity, creation of ‘Ashes’ (all)
1950’s seaside resorts grew (Butlins), but then foreign
1960’s ‘Hippy Trail’ youth went through India + Nepal
1970’s 16-20 hours of TV, domesticated entertainment
