c c c c c c
odule 2 Latest 2023 Rated Ac c c c c
WhichcofcthecfollowingciscNOTcancapplicationcofcstatisticscincbusiness?
acDeterminecthecinternetcadvertisercthatcwillcreachcthecmostcpeoplecfromcextensivecpagecviewcdata.
bcDeterminecactargetcmarketcbasedconcinformationconchouseholdcincomescthroughoutctheccountry.
ccPredictctrendscinccertaincinvestmentscofcbigccompaniescfromcpreviouscresultscofcFortunec100ccompanie
s.
dcForecastclikelihoodcofcboardcofcdirectorcdecisionscfromcpreviouscvotingchabits.c✔✔dcForecast
likelihoodcofcboardcofcdirectorcdecisionscfromcpreviouscvotingchabits.
Althoughcthiscmightcbecincacbusinessccontext,cthisciscthecusecofcstatisticscincpolitics.cThecothercthreece
xamplescarecapplicationscofcstatisticscincbusiness.
BethanycnoticescthatcherchusbandciscwearingcacbluecsweaterconcTuesday.cSheccannotcremembercwh
atchechascworncpreviouscTuesdays.cThecnextcTuesdaycshecnoticescheciscwearingcanothercbluecsweate
r.cShecconcludescthatcifcitciscTuesday,checwillcwearcacbluecsweaterchavingcdatacfromchercexperimentc
tocsupportcthis.cWhatciscthecflawcwithcthiscexperiment?
,acSmallcSamplecSize
bcOperationalization
ccMissingcData
dcAssumptionsc✔✔acSmallcSamplecSize
Thisciscancexperimentcwithctoocfewcdatacentriesctocformcacstatisticallycrelevantcconclusion.
DoctorcAndrewschascbeenctryingctocmeasurectheclikelihoodcofcheartcattackcrisk.cDoctorcAndrewscde
cidesctocmonitorchairclengthcincpeoplectocdeterminecthosecatchighcriskcofcheartcattack.cWhatciscthecfla
wcincthiscexperiment?
acAssumptions
bcAssociationcvs.cCausation
ccResponsecBias
dcOperationalizationc✔✔dcOperationalization
Monitoringchaircgrowthcdoescnotcmeasurecthecriskcofcheartcattack.cThereciscacflawcincthecexperiment
becausecthecexperimentciscnotcmeasuringcwhatcthecobjectivecisctryingctocdetermine.
c
,Mr.cWonkacnoticescthatctheclastctwentyctimeschecinventedcacnewcchocolateccandy,chiscmajorccompet
itors,cCountcChocula,candcthecEastercBunny,chavecbigcsalescinclatecOctober.cMr.cWonkacfeelscdirectl
ycresponsiblecforcthecprofitcofchisccompetitors.cWhatciscthecflawcincthiscexperiment?
acSmallcSamplecSize
bcTrulycRepresentativecSample
ccAssociationcvs.cCausation
dcBlindingc✔✔ccAssociationcvs.cCausation
Mr.cWonka'scinventivecwayscarecprobablycnotctheccausecofcincreasedcchocolateccandycsalescforchiscc
ompetitorscatcthecendcofcOctoberclikecMr.cWonkachascconcluded.
Thereciscac90cpercentcchancecthatcacpackagecwillcarrivecwithincthreecdayscofcwhencitcwascshipped.cAls
o,cthereciscac75cpercentcchancecthatcitcwillcgetcwet.cThereciscac70cpercentcchancecthatcitcwillcgetcwetcan
dcwillcbecdeliveredcwithincthreecdays.cWhatcisctheclikelihoodcthatcatcleastconecofctheseceventscoccurs?
ac0.8
bc0.85
, cc0.9
dc0.95c✔✔dc0.95
ThisciscacunioncbetweencP(onctime)candcP(wet).cTherefore,cP(onctime∪wet)
=P(onctime)+P(wet)−P(onctime∩wet)
=0.90+0.75−0.70=0.95=95%
Thereciscanc80cpercentcchancecofcsnow.cIfcitcsnowscthereciscac10cpercentcchancecofcToddcwalkingctoc
thecstore.cIfcitcdoesn'tcsnowcthereciscac60cpercentcchancecofcToddcwalkingctocthecstore.cWhatciscthecli
kelihoodcthatcitcwillcnotcsnowcandcToddcwillcwalkctocthecstore?
ac0.12
bc0.18
cc0.2
dc0.48c✔✔ac0.12
Thecprobabilitycofcnocsnowcisc20cpercentc(cP(nocsnow)=0.20c),candcthecprobabilitycofcToddcwalking
tocthecstorecwithcnocsnowcisc60cpercentc(cP(walk|nocsnow)=0.60c).cThereforectocdeterminectheclikeli
c
hoodcofcitcnotcsnowingcandcToddcwalkingctocthecstore,cthesecprobabilitiescare