MED/SURG FINAL NCLEX QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
A 67-year-old male has just been admitted into the Emergency Department late into the night. He is
severely confused, agitated, and complains of severe chest pain. His wife is present with him and is very
concerned about her husband. After receiving some blood tests, he is diagnosed with primary
polycythemia vera. The nurse begins to provide education about how to manage his polycythemia. Which
of the following would the nurse need to RE-EDUCATE based on patient response? (select all that apply)
A. "If I would have received blood tests earlier, I could have prevented myself from getting diagnosed with
polycythemia."
B. "I will need to get multiple phlebotomies done in order to keep my hematocrit level less than 45%."
C. "I will begin to start taking my low dose aspirin every morning."
D. "During each of my phlebotomy appointments, I will lose 700mL of my blood."
E. "If my feet and hands begin to turn bright red, I - ansA. "If I would have received blood tests earlier, I
could have prevented myself from getting diagnosed with polycythemia."
D. "During each of my phlebotomy appointments, I will lose 700mL of my blood."
E. "If my feet and hands begin to turn bright red, I will need to contact my physician immediately."
A 68 year-old male suffering from chronic diarrhea is found to have a serum phosphate level of 0.9 mg/dL.
After reviewing this lab value the nurse can expect the patient to exhibit which of the following
symptoms? (Select all that apply)
A. Confusion
B. Numbness/tingling in extremities
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
E. Dry mucous membranes - ansA. Confusion
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
A 70-year-old man is being evaluated for a liver transplant. Which contraindications would the nurse
recognize that would make this patient unable to receive the transplant? (Select all that apply)
A. Severe extrahepatic disease
B. Hypertension
,MED/SURG FINAL NCLEX QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
C. Cancer in the lungs
D.Chronic alcohol use
E. Diabetes - ansA. Severe extrahepatic disease
C. Cancer in the lungs
D. Chronic alcohol use
A 74-year-old patient with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) presents to the emergency
department with heartburn and dyspnea. The nurse educates the patient about ways to reduce these
symptoms to prevent further irritation and exacerbations. Education is successful if the patient
understands the need to avoid which substances? (Select all that apply).
A. Coffee
B. Chocolate
C. Avocados
D. Peppermint
E. Alcohol - ansA. Coffee
B. Chocolate
D. Peppermint
E. Alcohol
A 76-year old man with chronic anemia arrives at the Emergency department with increased fatigue and
heart palpitations even at rest. The nurse would expect the patients' laboratory test findings to include:
(Select all that apply)
a. Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b. Hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
c. An Red Blood Cell count of 4,500,000/L
d. A ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
e. A White Blood Cell count of 6.5 x 109/L - ansA, B, D
a: hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b: hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
d: a ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
,MED/SURG FINAL NCLEX QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
A busy Registered Nurse (RN) has 5 patients on the medical surgical floor. What tasks involving the care
of an intravenous (IV) line may the RN delegate to a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)?
a) Choose and insert appropriate IV catheters and infusion devices.
b) Monitor for clinical manifestations of adverse reactions to IV fluids or medications.
c) Adjust IV flow rate for stable patients according to provider orders.
d) Prepare IV medications and infusions.
e) Evaluate patient for clinical manifestations of fluid overload or hypovolemia and initiate appropriate
changes in IV fluids.
f) Report swelling or redness at the site, or patient complaints about the IV. - ansb) Monitor for clinical
manifestations of adverse reactions to IV fluids or medications.
c) Adjust IV flow rate for stable patients according to provider orders.
f) Report swelling or redness at the site, or patient complaints about the IV.
A client of yours is scheduled for surgery for their primary hyperaldosteronism in two days. They have
been started on spironolactone along with a calcium channel blocker. Appropriate nursing care for this
client involves all of the following except:
a) Monitor the client's blood pressure frequently before and after the surgery.
b) Instruct them on how to monitor their own blood pressure and why frequent monitoring is so important.
c) Explain the importance of maintaining a low sodium diet
d) Monitor their potassium levels closely as well as their cardiovascular status
e) Assure the client that they will be able to live a full life following the removal of only one of their
kidneys. - anse) Assure the client that they will be able to live a full life following the removal of only one
of their kidneys.
A doctor has ordered an indwelling urethral catheter for a patient experiencing urinary retention. The
supervising nurse should intervene if they experience what scenario from the student nurse?
A. The student nurse instructs the patient to thoroughly clean around the catheter insertion site at least
once a day, and more when necessary to help prevent a urinary tract infection.
, MED/SURG FINAL NCLEX QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
B. The student nurse hangs the patient's catheter bag on the armrest of a chair above the patient's
waistline, making sure there are no kinks in the catheter tubing.
C. The student nurse instructs the patient to keep the catheter tubing securely attached to the patient's
inner thigh, preventing it getting accidentally pulled out of the patient's bladder.
D. The student nurse instructs the patient to keep the catheter system closed and sterile at all times,
unless otherwise indicated by the doctor, to prevent the entrance of infection in th - ansB. The student
nurse hangs the patient's catheter bag on the armrest of a chair above the patient's waistline, making
sure there are no kinks in the catheter tubing.
A female patient comes into her doctor's office after noticing a protrusion coming from her body, below
her inguinal ligament. After she is examined by the physician, the woman asks the nurse: "The doctor said
that I have a hernia, but my husband had a hernia and it looked nothing like this. How is that possible?"
The nurse knows she must explain that the more common type of hernia experienced in females is a:
a. Inguinal hernia: a point of weakness in the abdominal wall
b. Umbilical hernia: the umbilical opening fails to close after birth
c. Incisional hernia: weakness at the site of a previous incision
d. Femoral hernia: protrusion through the femoral ring into the femoral canal - ansd. Femoral hernia:
protrusion through the femoral ring into the femoral canal
A female patient has just been diagnosed with external hemorrhoids and asks the nurse what could have
contributed to her diagnoses, which of the following will the nurse mention as probable risk factors?
A. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
E. Heavy lifting
F. Standing or sitting for a long period of time - ansA. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
A 67-year-old male has just been admitted into the Emergency Department late into the night. He is
severely confused, agitated, and complains of severe chest pain. His wife is present with him and is very
concerned about her husband. After receiving some blood tests, he is diagnosed with primary
polycythemia vera. The nurse begins to provide education about how to manage his polycythemia. Which
of the following would the nurse need to RE-EDUCATE based on patient response? (select all that apply)
A. "If I would have received blood tests earlier, I could have prevented myself from getting diagnosed with
polycythemia."
B. "I will need to get multiple phlebotomies done in order to keep my hematocrit level less than 45%."
C. "I will begin to start taking my low dose aspirin every morning."
D. "During each of my phlebotomy appointments, I will lose 700mL of my blood."
E. "If my feet and hands begin to turn bright red, I - ansA. "If I would have received blood tests earlier, I
could have prevented myself from getting diagnosed with polycythemia."
D. "During each of my phlebotomy appointments, I will lose 700mL of my blood."
E. "If my feet and hands begin to turn bright red, I will need to contact my physician immediately."
A 68 year-old male suffering from chronic diarrhea is found to have a serum phosphate level of 0.9 mg/dL.
After reviewing this lab value the nurse can expect the patient to exhibit which of the following
symptoms? (Select all that apply)
A. Confusion
B. Numbness/tingling in extremities
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
E. Dry mucous membranes - ansA. Confusion
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
A 70-year-old man is being evaluated for a liver transplant. Which contraindications would the nurse
recognize that would make this patient unable to receive the transplant? (Select all that apply)
A. Severe extrahepatic disease
B. Hypertension
,MED/SURG FINAL NCLEX QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
C. Cancer in the lungs
D.Chronic alcohol use
E. Diabetes - ansA. Severe extrahepatic disease
C. Cancer in the lungs
D. Chronic alcohol use
A 74-year-old patient with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) presents to the emergency
department with heartburn and dyspnea. The nurse educates the patient about ways to reduce these
symptoms to prevent further irritation and exacerbations. Education is successful if the patient
understands the need to avoid which substances? (Select all that apply).
A. Coffee
B. Chocolate
C. Avocados
D. Peppermint
E. Alcohol - ansA. Coffee
B. Chocolate
D. Peppermint
E. Alcohol
A 76-year old man with chronic anemia arrives at the Emergency department with increased fatigue and
heart palpitations even at rest. The nurse would expect the patients' laboratory test findings to include:
(Select all that apply)
a. Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b. Hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
c. An Red Blood Cell count of 4,500,000/L
d. A ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
e. A White Blood Cell count of 6.5 x 109/L - ansA, B, D
a: hemoglobin (Hgb) of 6.8 g/dL
b: hematocrit (Hct) value of 32%
d: a ferritin level of 8.2 ng/mL
,MED/SURG FINAL NCLEX QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
A busy Registered Nurse (RN) has 5 patients on the medical surgical floor. What tasks involving the care
of an intravenous (IV) line may the RN delegate to a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)?
a) Choose and insert appropriate IV catheters and infusion devices.
b) Monitor for clinical manifestations of adverse reactions to IV fluids or medications.
c) Adjust IV flow rate for stable patients according to provider orders.
d) Prepare IV medications and infusions.
e) Evaluate patient for clinical manifestations of fluid overload or hypovolemia and initiate appropriate
changes in IV fluids.
f) Report swelling or redness at the site, or patient complaints about the IV. - ansb) Monitor for clinical
manifestations of adverse reactions to IV fluids or medications.
c) Adjust IV flow rate for stable patients according to provider orders.
f) Report swelling or redness at the site, or patient complaints about the IV.
A client of yours is scheduled for surgery for their primary hyperaldosteronism in two days. They have
been started on spironolactone along with a calcium channel blocker. Appropriate nursing care for this
client involves all of the following except:
a) Monitor the client's blood pressure frequently before and after the surgery.
b) Instruct them on how to monitor their own blood pressure and why frequent monitoring is so important.
c) Explain the importance of maintaining a low sodium diet
d) Monitor their potassium levels closely as well as their cardiovascular status
e) Assure the client that they will be able to live a full life following the removal of only one of their
kidneys. - anse) Assure the client that they will be able to live a full life following the removal of only one
of their kidneys.
A doctor has ordered an indwelling urethral catheter for a patient experiencing urinary retention. The
supervising nurse should intervene if they experience what scenario from the student nurse?
A. The student nurse instructs the patient to thoroughly clean around the catheter insertion site at least
once a day, and more when necessary to help prevent a urinary tract infection.
, MED/SURG FINAL NCLEX QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST VERSION VERIFIED RATIONALE
GRADED A+
B. The student nurse hangs the patient's catheter bag on the armrest of a chair above the patient's
waistline, making sure there are no kinks in the catheter tubing.
C. The student nurse instructs the patient to keep the catheter tubing securely attached to the patient's
inner thigh, preventing it getting accidentally pulled out of the patient's bladder.
D. The student nurse instructs the patient to keep the catheter system closed and sterile at all times,
unless otherwise indicated by the doctor, to prevent the entrance of infection in th - ansB. The student
nurse hangs the patient's catheter bag on the armrest of a chair above the patient's waistline, making
sure there are no kinks in the catheter tubing.
A female patient comes into her doctor's office after noticing a protrusion coming from her body, below
her inguinal ligament. After she is examined by the physician, the woman asks the nurse: "The doctor said
that I have a hernia, but my husband had a hernia and it looked nothing like this. How is that possible?"
The nurse knows she must explain that the more common type of hernia experienced in females is a:
a. Inguinal hernia: a point of weakness in the abdominal wall
b. Umbilical hernia: the umbilical opening fails to close after birth
c. Incisional hernia: weakness at the site of a previous incision
d. Femoral hernia: protrusion through the femoral ring into the femoral canal - ansd. Femoral hernia:
protrusion through the femoral ring into the femoral canal
A female patient has just been diagnosed with external hemorrhoids and asks the nurse what could have
contributed to her diagnoses, which of the following will the nurse mention as probable risk factors?
A. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
E. Heavy lifting
F. Standing or sitting for a long period of time - ansA. Pregnancy
B. Normal Body Mass Index
C. Prolonged constipation
D. Straining in an effort to defecate
