ankle fractures: introduction
• distal tib and b = most common
• often because of high energy/impact trauma - fall/trip, sports injuries, crush injuries
• having a hallux valgus and ankle instability = very debilitating
types:
- transverse = complete fracture, often horizontal
- oblique = diagonal
- spiral = breaks around bone
- segmental = # in 2 places + a oating piece
- comminuted = broken in 3+ places
- avulsion
- open
- stress
- displaced/non-displaced - non-displaced = 'don't move out of alignment'
symptoms:
- pain, swelling, tenderness, inability to mobilise, bruising, skin discolouration, deformity/bump
, stress fractures:
- a small crack or break, typically due to overuse
- occupational stress fractures - athletes, soldiers, ballet dancers
- tibia = most common location
- connection with = osteoporosis and RA
jensen and dahl study (2005)
body weight = 110kg - lift 70kg object - axial load on tibia inc. 60%
how stress fractures might occur:
carry load in front of body, weight is transmitted over forefoot = tension of plantar exors and greater force
on tibia. tibia can bend backwards and rotation = inc. stress on tibia - ankle rotation may explain bula #.
a ects remodelling process in bone leading to temporary weakness. repeated and unusual load on
unadapted bone = breakdown of bone structure and subsequent #
summary:
• makes up 56% of lower extremity
• types = transverse, oblique, spiral, segmental, comminuted
• symptoms = pain, swelling, tenderness, inability to mobilise, bruising, skin discolouration, deformity
• stress fractures are common = repetitive stress
• tibia is more common due to taking more weight vs tibia
• distal tib and b = most common
• often because of high energy/impact trauma - fall/trip, sports injuries, crush injuries
• having a hallux valgus and ankle instability = very debilitating
types:
- transverse = complete fracture, often horizontal
- oblique = diagonal
- spiral = breaks around bone
- segmental = # in 2 places + a oating piece
- comminuted = broken in 3+ places
- avulsion
- open
- stress
- displaced/non-displaced - non-displaced = 'don't move out of alignment'
symptoms:
- pain, swelling, tenderness, inability to mobilise, bruising, skin discolouration, deformity/bump
, stress fractures:
- a small crack or break, typically due to overuse
- occupational stress fractures - athletes, soldiers, ballet dancers
- tibia = most common location
- connection with = osteoporosis and RA
jensen and dahl study (2005)
body weight = 110kg - lift 70kg object - axial load on tibia inc. 60%
how stress fractures might occur:
carry load in front of body, weight is transmitted over forefoot = tension of plantar exors and greater force
on tibia. tibia can bend backwards and rotation = inc. stress on tibia - ankle rotation may explain bula #.
a ects remodelling process in bone leading to temporary weakness. repeated and unusual load on
unadapted bone = breakdown of bone structure and subsequent #
summary:
• makes up 56% of lower extremity
• types = transverse, oblique, spiral, segmental, comminuted
• symptoms = pain, swelling, tenderness, inability to mobilise, bruising, skin discolouration, deformity
• stress fractures are common = repetitive stress
• tibia is more common due to taking more weight vs tibia
