Human Growth and Development Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Human Growth and Development Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What are the major characteristics of development in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget's theory? In the sensorimotor stage, infants learn through their senses and motor activities, developing object permanence—the understanding that objects continue to exist even when not visible. Explain the concept of "crystallized intelligence" in late adulthood. Crystallized intelligence refers to the accumulation of knowledge and skills gained over a lifetime, which typically remains stable or even increases in late adulthood, unlike fluid intelligence which can decline. What is the significance of play during early childhood? Play during early childhood is crucial for the development of social, cognitive, and emotional skills. It allows children to explore the world, build problem-solving abilities, and practice emotional regulation in a safe environment. How does Erikson describe the developmental challenge of adolescence? 2 Erikson describes adolescence as a period of identity vs. role confusion. During this stage, adolescents explore their personal identity, values, and beliefs to develop a coherent sense of self. What is the main psychological conflict in middle adulthood according to Erikson's stages of development? The main conflict in middle adulthood is generativity vs. stagnation. Adults in this stage focus on contributing to society and future generations through activities like parenting, work, or community involvement. Describe the impact of attachment on later relationships. Attachment in early childhood can shape later relationships. Secure attachment tends to foster healthy, trusting relationships in adulthood, while insecure attachment may result in difficulties with intimacy and trust. How does cognitive development typically change in late adulthood? In late adulthood, cognitive development may slow down, especially in areas like processing speed and short-term memory. However, many individuals retain strong problem-solving abilities and wisdom accumulated over their lifetime. 3 What is the primary emotional task of young adulthood? The primary emotional task of young adulthood is intimacy vs. isolation. Individuals work on forming deep, meaningful relationships or risk feelings of loneliness and isolation. How does a person’s understanding of death evolve throughout life? A person’s understanding of death evolves as they age. Children may see death as temporary or reversible, while adolescents understand its permanence but may feel invincible. In adulthood, people tend to have a more existential perspective, reflecting on life’s purpose and their legacy. What changes occur in the physical development of individuals during middle adulthood? In middle adulthood, physical development often includes a decrease in muscle mass and bone density, changes in vision and hearing, and a slowing metabolism. These changes are typically gradual but can impact overall physical functioning. How does the concept of "integrity" apply to late adulthood? In late adulthood, the concept of integrity refers to accepting one’s life as it has been lived, with a sense of fulfillment and completeness. People who achieve this feel peace with their life, while those who experience regret may feel despair. 4 What cognitive abilities are often maintained or even improved in late adulthood? In late adulthood, many individuals maintain or improve their vocabulary, general knowledge, and problem-solving skills based on experience. This is often referred to as crystallized intelligence. Explain the process of developing a personal identity during adolescence. During adolescence, personal identity develops as individuals explore their values, beliefs, and goals. They may experiment with different roles and behaviors, leading to a stronger sense of self as they move into adulthood. What role does emotional regulation play in child development? Emotional regulation is key in child development, as it helps children manage and express their emotions appropriately. This skill impacts their ability to form relationships, cope with stress, and make decisions. How does physical aging affect the reproductive system? In women, physical aging leads to menopause, which marks the end of reproductive years. In men, aging is associated with a gradual decrease