APHON Principles of Chemo and Biotherapy
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Biotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Targeted anticancer agents also known as biological
response modifiers (BRM)
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are what class - CORRECT ANSWER - Biotherapy
Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) are what class - CORRECT ANSWER - Biotherapy
Define pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER - Study of drug absorption, metabolism, and
excretion
Define pharmacodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER - The concentration of the drug in the
body and how it produces a response
Define adjuvant chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - The use of chemo after another type
of therapy, such as surgery, to treat residual disease or undetectable metastasis.
Define neoadjuvant chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - When chemo is used
preoperatively to decrease tumor burden in order to make it easier to remove the tumor
surgically.
Define sanctuary sites - CORRECT ANSWER - Sites within the body where tumor cells
sequester and are not easily reached by chemo such as the CNS
What normal cells are most often effected by chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER -
Hematopoietic, mucosal (mouth & GI), hair follicles
, Why use chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - To prevent cancer cells from dividing,
metastasizing, and ultimately causing the death of the patient
Cure - CORRECT ANSWER - To permanently eradicate the cancer
Control - CORRECT ANSWER - To extend the length & QOL when cure is not feasible or
realistic
Palliation - CORRECT ANSWER - Minimize pain and suffering during end of life
Resting phase of cell cycle - CORRECT ANSWER - Gap 0 - cells not dividing
Postmitotic phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Gap 1 - enzymes needed for DNA synthesis are
produced, protein and RNA synthesis takes place (18 Hours)
Synthesis (S) Phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Cellular DNA duplicated (20 hours)
Premitotic phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Gap 2 - both protein and RNA synthesis occur,
precursors of mitotic spindle are produced. Shortest phase
Mitosis (M) Phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell division occurs in 4-step phase (prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase) 1 Hour
5 stages of reproduction of cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Resting, Postmitotic, synthesis,
premitotic, mitosis
Cell Cycle time - CORRECT ANSWER - The amount of time it takes a cell to move from one
mitotic episode to another.
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Biotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Targeted anticancer agents also known as biological
response modifiers (BRM)
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are what class - CORRECT ANSWER - Biotherapy
Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) are what class - CORRECT ANSWER - Biotherapy
Define pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER - Study of drug absorption, metabolism, and
excretion
Define pharmacodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER - The concentration of the drug in the
body and how it produces a response
Define adjuvant chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - The use of chemo after another type
of therapy, such as surgery, to treat residual disease or undetectable metastasis.
Define neoadjuvant chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - When chemo is used
preoperatively to decrease tumor burden in order to make it easier to remove the tumor
surgically.
Define sanctuary sites - CORRECT ANSWER - Sites within the body where tumor cells
sequester and are not easily reached by chemo such as the CNS
What normal cells are most often effected by chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER -
Hematopoietic, mucosal (mouth & GI), hair follicles
, Why use chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER - To prevent cancer cells from dividing,
metastasizing, and ultimately causing the death of the patient
Cure - CORRECT ANSWER - To permanently eradicate the cancer
Control - CORRECT ANSWER - To extend the length & QOL when cure is not feasible or
realistic
Palliation - CORRECT ANSWER - Minimize pain and suffering during end of life
Resting phase of cell cycle - CORRECT ANSWER - Gap 0 - cells not dividing
Postmitotic phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Gap 1 - enzymes needed for DNA synthesis are
produced, protein and RNA synthesis takes place (18 Hours)
Synthesis (S) Phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Cellular DNA duplicated (20 hours)
Premitotic phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Gap 2 - both protein and RNA synthesis occur,
precursors of mitotic spindle are produced. Shortest phase
Mitosis (M) Phase - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell division occurs in 4-step phase (prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase) 1 Hour
5 stages of reproduction of cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Resting, Postmitotic, synthesis,
premitotic, mitosis
Cell Cycle time - CORRECT ANSWER - The amount of time it takes a cell to move from one
mitotic episode to another.
