MEDICAL NEUROSCIENCE- WEEK 1
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What part is involved in a disc herniation? - Answer-nucleus pulposus
most common disc herniations - Answer-C5/C6
L4/L5
Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome - Answer-occlusion of adamkiewicz artery
retention of dorsal tract
normal length of conus medullaris? - Answer-L1-L2
Tethered cord syndrome - Answer-End of the spinal cord adheres to the one of the
lower vertebra
- back and leg pain
- gait abnormality
- urinary incontinence
- flaccid paralysis in infants
Anencephaly - Answer-failure of neural tube to close
not compatible with life
associated with zika - Answer-microcephaly
Spina bifida - Answer-hairy patch on back
encephalocele - Answer-herniation of brain tissue
protrusion out of the skull covered by meninges
Type II Chiari Malformation - Answer-cerebellum defect that extends into the
formaen magnum
associated with hydrocephalus
Dandy-Walker syndrome - Answer-cerebellum defect involving the vermis and
enlargement of the 4th ventricle
associated with hydrocephalus
hydrocephalus - Answer-defect in CSF flow
Syrinx - Answer-T4 loss of spinothalamic tract
a vesicle filled with CSF
Type II MEN - Answer-constant dimerization of c-RET
MEN 2A - Answer-hyperplasia of parathyroid
pheochromocytoma
associated with Hirschsprung disease
, MEN 2B - Answer-marfanoid type body
ganglioneuromas
develops later in life
Hirschsprung's disease - Answer-megacolon
constipation
loss of c-RET function
Spondylosis - Answer-degenerative changes in the spine
Hemicord compression - Answer-damage to one half of a vertebrae
Atlas - Answer-C1
Axis - Answer-C2
Brown-Sequard Syndrome - Answer-ipsilateral corticospinal tract loss
contralateral spinothalamic tract loss
C7 dermatome - Answer-elbow extension reflex test
middle finger
elbow/tricepts area
T1 dermatome - Answer-medial part of the arm
does not impact the wrist
S1 dermatome - Answer-lateral/side of foot
lateral hamstring
S2 dermatome - Answer-medial hamstring
L1 dermatome - Answer-involved in cremastueric reflex
L4 dermatome - Answer-medial top of thigh
goes over the knee
L5 dermatome - Answer-lateral thighs
shin area
top of the foot
inverted supinator reflex - Answer-reflex that involves C5 and C6
Babinski test - Answer-upper motor neuron lesion
tests S1 reflex
reflex arc - Answer-A relatively direct connection between a sensory neuron and a
motor neuron that allows an extremely rapid response to a stimulus, often without
conscious brain involvement
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What part is involved in a disc herniation? - Answer-nucleus pulposus
most common disc herniations - Answer-C5/C6
L4/L5
Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome - Answer-occlusion of adamkiewicz artery
retention of dorsal tract
normal length of conus medullaris? - Answer-L1-L2
Tethered cord syndrome - Answer-End of the spinal cord adheres to the one of the
lower vertebra
- back and leg pain
- gait abnormality
- urinary incontinence
- flaccid paralysis in infants
Anencephaly - Answer-failure of neural tube to close
not compatible with life
associated with zika - Answer-microcephaly
Spina bifida - Answer-hairy patch on back
encephalocele - Answer-herniation of brain tissue
protrusion out of the skull covered by meninges
Type II Chiari Malformation - Answer-cerebellum defect that extends into the
formaen magnum
associated with hydrocephalus
Dandy-Walker syndrome - Answer-cerebellum defect involving the vermis and
enlargement of the 4th ventricle
associated with hydrocephalus
hydrocephalus - Answer-defect in CSF flow
Syrinx - Answer-T4 loss of spinothalamic tract
a vesicle filled with CSF
Type II MEN - Answer-constant dimerization of c-RET
MEN 2A - Answer-hyperplasia of parathyroid
pheochromocytoma
associated with Hirschsprung disease
, MEN 2B - Answer-marfanoid type body
ganglioneuromas
develops later in life
Hirschsprung's disease - Answer-megacolon
constipation
loss of c-RET function
Spondylosis - Answer-degenerative changes in the spine
Hemicord compression - Answer-damage to one half of a vertebrae
Atlas - Answer-C1
Axis - Answer-C2
Brown-Sequard Syndrome - Answer-ipsilateral corticospinal tract loss
contralateral spinothalamic tract loss
C7 dermatome - Answer-elbow extension reflex test
middle finger
elbow/tricepts area
T1 dermatome - Answer-medial part of the arm
does not impact the wrist
S1 dermatome - Answer-lateral/side of foot
lateral hamstring
S2 dermatome - Answer-medial hamstring
L1 dermatome - Answer-involved in cremastueric reflex
L4 dermatome - Answer-medial top of thigh
goes over the knee
L5 dermatome - Answer-lateral thighs
shin area
top of the foot
inverted supinator reflex - Answer-reflex that involves C5 and C6
Babinski test - Answer-upper motor neuron lesion
tests S1 reflex
reflex arc - Answer-A relatively direct connection between a sensory neuron and a
motor neuron that allows an extremely rapid response to a stimulus, often without
conscious brain involvement
