NYS EMT FINAL STUDY EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Respiration - ✔✔The actual exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide in the alveoli as
well as the tissues in the body
✔✔Oxygenation - ✔✔The process of loading oxygen molecules onto hemoglobin
molecules in the bloodstream
✔✔Full oxygen tank pressure - ✔✔2000 psi
✔✔Flow rate of nasal cannula - ✔✔1-6L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered in nasal cannula - ✔✔24-44% oxygen
✔✔Flow rate of non-rebreather - ✔✔10-15L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered with NRB - ✔✔Up to 90% oxygen
✔✔BVM flow rate - ✔✔15L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered with BVM - ✔✔Nearly 100%
✔✔Pocket mask flow rate - ✔✔15L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered in pocket mask - ✔✔Nearly 55%
✔✔Implied consent - ✔✔Legal assumption that treatment is desired
✔✔Expressed consent - ✔✔Verbally or otherwise acknowledgment that treatment is
wanted
✔✔Duty to act - ✔✔Legal responsibility to provide care
✔✔Standard of care - ✔✔Accepted level of care consistent with training
✔✔Good Samaritan Law - ✔✔Offers protection to person who rendered care in good
faith
✔✔AVPU - ✔✔Rapid method of assessing a patients level of consciousness:
Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive
,✔✔Extremity lift - ✔✔Used for patients who are supine or sitting without extremity or
spinal injury
✔✔Flexible stretcher - ✔✔Can be folded or rolled up
✔✔Stair chair - ✔✔Used to carry patients up and down stairs
✔✔Basket stretcher - ✔✔Commonly used in technical and water rescues; Stokes litter
✔✔Scoop stretcher - ✔✔Separated into two or four pieces
✔✔Backboard - ✔✔Spine board or long board
✔✔Direct ground lift - ✔✔Lift Used for patients who are lying supine with no suspected
spinal injury
✔✔Portable stretcher - ✔✔Tubular framed stretcher with rigid fabric stretched across it
✔✔Wheeled ambulance stretcher - ✔✔Specifically designed stretcher that can be rolled
along the ground
✔✔Bariatrics - ✔✔Concerned with the management of obesity
✔✔Chief complaint - ✔✔The medical reason a person called for help
✔✔Diaphoretic - ✔✔Profuse sweating
✔✔Full body scan - ✔✔Head to toe exam
✔✔Perfusion triangle consists of - ✔✔Heart, blood vessels, blood
✔✔Compensated shock - ✔✔When the patient is developing shock but the body is still
able to maintain perfusion
✔✔Hemorrhagic shock - ✔✔Shock resulting from blood or fluid loss
✔✔Cardiogenic shock - ✔✔Shock brought on by inadequate pumping action of the
heart
✔✔Hypoperfusion - ✔✔Inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body's
cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients
,✔✔Decompensated shock - ✔✔Occurs when the body can no longer compensate for
low blood volume or lack of perfusion
✔✔Neurogenic shock - ✔✔Shock due to nerve paralysis resulting in the dialation of
blood vessels that increase the volume of the circulatory system beyond the point where
it can be filled
✔✔Ambient temperature - ✔✔The temperature of the surrounding environment
✔✔Antivenin - ✔✔A serum that counteracts the effect of venom from an animal or
insect
✔✔Bends - ✔✔A common name for decompression sickness
✔✔Breath-holding syncope - ✔✔Loss of consciousness caused by a decrease
breathing stimulus
✔✔Conduction - ✔✔The loss of heat by direct contact
✔✔Convection - ✔✔The loss of body heat caused by air movement
✔✔Decompression sickness - ✔✔A painful condition seen in divers who ascend too
quickly, in which gas, especially nitrogen, forms bubbles in blood vessels and other
tissues
✔✔Diving reflex - ✔✔The slowing of the heart rate caused by submersion in cold water
✔✔Drowning - ✔✔The process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion
or immersion in liquid
✔✔Dysbarism injuries - ✔✔Any signs and symptoms caused by the difference between
the surrounding atmospheric pressure and the total gas pressure in various tissues,
fluids, and cavities of the body
✔✔Evaporation - ✔✔The conversion of water or another fluid from liquid to gas
✔✔Frostbite - ✔✔Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to cold; frozen body parts
✔✔Heat cramps - ✔✔Painful muscle spasms usually associated with vigorous activity in
the hot environment
✔✔Heat exhaustion - ✔✔A heat emergency in which a significant amount of fluid and
electrolyte loss occurs because of heavy sweating; also called heat prostration or heat
collapse
, ✔✔Heat stroke - ✔✔A life-threatening condition of severe hyperthermia caused by
exposure to excessive natural or artificial heat, marked by warm, dry skin; severely
altered mental status; and often irreversible coma
✔✔Hyperthermia - ✔✔A condition in which the body core temperature rises to 101F
✔✔Hypothermia - ✔✔A condition in which the body core temperature falls below 95F
after exposure to a cold environment
✔✔Radiation - ✔✔The transfer of heat to colder objects in the environment by radiant
energy
✔✔Reverse triage - ✔✔A triage process used in treating multiple victims of a lightning
strike, In which efforts are focused on those who are in respiratory and cardiac arrest. It
differs from conventional triage, where such patients would be considered deceased
✔✔Turgor - ✔✔The ability of the skin to resist deformation; tested gently by pinching the
skin on the forehead or back of the hand
✔✔Index of suspicion - ✔✔Your awareness and concern for potentially serious
underlying and unseen injuries
✔✔Cavitation - ✔✔Emanation of pressure waves that can damage nearby structures
✔✔Blunt trauma - ✔✔Result of force to the body that causes tissue or internal organs
and cavities
✔✔Kinetic energy - ✔✔Energy of a moving object
✔✔Mechanism of injury - ✔✔How the trauma occurred
✔✔Potential energy - ✔✔Product of mass, Gravity, and height
✔✔Penetrating trauma - ✔✔Injury caused by objects that pierce the surface of the body
✔✔3 collisions involved in frontal MVA - ✔✔Vehicle against another object, passenger
against the interior of the car, passenger organs against the solid structures of the body
✔✔What does the Glasgow coma scale evaluate? - ✔✔Eye opening, motor response,
verbal response
✔✔Brachial artery - ✔✔The major artery of the upper arm
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Respiration - ✔✔The actual exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide in the alveoli as
well as the tissues in the body
✔✔Oxygenation - ✔✔The process of loading oxygen molecules onto hemoglobin
molecules in the bloodstream
✔✔Full oxygen tank pressure - ✔✔2000 psi
✔✔Flow rate of nasal cannula - ✔✔1-6L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered in nasal cannula - ✔✔24-44% oxygen
✔✔Flow rate of non-rebreather - ✔✔10-15L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered with NRB - ✔✔Up to 90% oxygen
✔✔BVM flow rate - ✔✔15L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered with BVM - ✔✔Nearly 100%
✔✔Pocket mask flow rate - ✔✔15L/min
✔✔% of oxygen delivered in pocket mask - ✔✔Nearly 55%
✔✔Implied consent - ✔✔Legal assumption that treatment is desired
✔✔Expressed consent - ✔✔Verbally or otherwise acknowledgment that treatment is
wanted
✔✔Duty to act - ✔✔Legal responsibility to provide care
✔✔Standard of care - ✔✔Accepted level of care consistent with training
✔✔Good Samaritan Law - ✔✔Offers protection to person who rendered care in good
faith
✔✔AVPU - ✔✔Rapid method of assessing a patients level of consciousness:
Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive
,✔✔Extremity lift - ✔✔Used for patients who are supine or sitting without extremity or
spinal injury
✔✔Flexible stretcher - ✔✔Can be folded or rolled up
✔✔Stair chair - ✔✔Used to carry patients up and down stairs
✔✔Basket stretcher - ✔✔Commonly used in technical and water rescues; Stokes litter
✔✔Scoop stretcher - ✔✔Separated into two or four pieces
✔✔Backboard - ✔✔Spine board or long board
✔✔Direct ground lift - ✔✔Lift Used for patients who are lying supine with no suspected
spinal injury
✔✔Portable stretcher - ✔✔Tubular framed stretcher with rigid fabric stretched across it
✔✔Wheeled ambulance stretcher - ✔✔Specifically designed stretcher that can be rolled
along the ground
✔✔Bariatrics - ✔✔Concerned with the management of obesity
✔✔Chief complaint - ✔✔The medical reason a person called for help
✔✔Diaphoretic - ✔✔Profuse sweating
✔✔Full body scan - ✔✔Head to toe exam
✔✔Perfusion triangle consists of - ✔✔Heart, blood vessels, blood
✔✔Compensated shock - ✔✔When the patient is developing shock but the body is still
able to maintain perfusion
✔✔Hemorrhagic shock - ✔✔Shock resulting from blood or fluid loss
✔✔Cardiogenic shock - ✔✔Shock brought on by inadequate pumping action of the
heart
✔✔Hypoperfusion - ✔✔Inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body's
cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients
,✔✔Decompensated shock - ✔✔Occurs when the body can no longer compensate for
low blood volume or lack of perfusion
✔✔Neurogenic shock - ✔✔Shock due to nerve paralysis resulting in the dialation of
blood vessels that increase the volume of the circulatory system beyond the point where
it can be filled
✔✔Ambient temperature - ✔✔The temperature of the surrounding environment
✔✔Antivenin - ✔✔A serum that counteracts the effect of venom from an animal or
insect
✔✔Bends - ✔✔A common name for decompression sickness
✔✔Breath-holding syncope - ✔✔Loss of consciousness caused by a decrease
breathing stimulus
✔✔Conduction - ✔✔The loss of heat by direct contact
✔✔Convection - ✔✔The loss of body heat caused by air movement
✔✔Decompression sickness - ✔✔A painful condition seen in divers who ascend too
quickly, in which gas, especially nitrogen, forms bubbles in blood vessels and other
tissues
✔✔Diving reflex - ✔✔The slowing of the heart rate caused by submersion in cold water
✔✔Drowning - ✔✔The process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion
or immersion in liquid
✔✔Dysbarism injuries - ✔✔Any signs and symptoms caused by the difference between
the surrounding atmospheric pressure and the total gas pressure in various tissues,
fluids, and cavities of the body
✔✔Evaporation - ✔✔The conversion of water or another fluid from liquid to gas
✔✔Frostbite - ✔✔Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to cold; frozen body parts
✔✔Heat cramps - ✔✔Painful muscle spasms usually associated with vigorous activity in
the hot environment
✔✔Heat exhaustion - ✔✔A heat emergency in which a significant amount of fluid and
electrolyte loss occurs because of heavy sweating; also called heat prostration or heat
collapse
, ✔✔Heat stroke - ✔✔A life-threatening condition of severe hyperthermia caused by
exposure to excessive natural or artificial heat, marked by warm, dry skin; severely
altered mental status; and often irreversible coma
✔✔Hyperthermia - ✔✔A condition in which the body core temperature rises to 101F
✔✔Hypothermia - ✔✔A condition in which the body core temperature falls below 95F
after exposure to a cold environment
✔✔Radiation - ✔✔The transfer of heat to colder objects in the environment by radiant
energy
✔✔Reverse triage - ✔✔A triage process used in treating multiple victims of a lightning
strike, In which efforts are focused on those who are in respiratory and cardiac arrest. It
differs from conventional triage, where such patients would be considered deceased
✔✔Turgor - ✔✔The ability of the skin to resist deformation; tested gently by pinching the
skin on the forehead or back of the hand
✔✔Index of suspicion - ✔✔Your awareness and concern for potentially serious
underlying and unseen injuries
✔✔Cavitation - ✔✔Emanation of pressure waves that can damage nearby structures
✔✔Blunt trauma - ✔✔Result of force to the body that causes tissue or internal organs
and cavities
✔✔Kinetic energy - ✔✔Energy of a moving object
✔✔Mechanism of injury - ✔✔How the trauma occurred
✔✔Potential energy - ✔✔Product of mass, Gravity, and height
✔✔Penetrating trauma - ✔✔Injury caused by objects that pierce the surface of the body
✔✔3 collisions involved in frontal MVA - ✔✔Vehicle against another object, passenger
against the interior of the car, passenger organs against the solid structures of the body
✔✔What does the Glasgow coma scale evaluate? - ✔✔Eye opening, motor response,
verbal response
✔✔Brachial artery - ✔✔The major artery of the upper arm
