UCLA EMT TRAUMA TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS

UCLA EMT TRAUMA TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS Perfusion - Delivery of O2 and removal of CO2 - Requires a pump (heart), fluid (blood), and vessels Hypoperfusion - inadequate flow of blood: i.e. SHOCK Hypovolemic shock - shock resulting from blood or fluid loss - can be a result of bleeding, burns, or dehydration Distributive shock - widespread vasodilation - can be caused by SEPSIS Sepsis - - Severe infection that has an initial point then spreads throughout bloodstream - Toxins from infection destroy vessel walls, leading to capillary permeability & reduced intravascular fluid 2 Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 How to treat septic shock? - POWR: Position (supine), O2, Warmth, Rapid transport Neurogenic shock - loss of control of muscular tone of blood vessels (due to a spinal cord injury & damage to the nervous system) Symptoms of neurogenic shock - hypotension and bradycardia (only vagus signal bc of sympathetic damage) - usually warm, dry skin below injury (unlike other types of shock) Anaphylactic shock - Severe allergic reaction that leads to widespread vasodilation Anaphylactic shock symptoms - - Increased vascular permeability - Bronchoconstriction - Stridor - Hives, edema, itching 4 types of skull fractures - - linear, depressed, open, basilar Linear skull fracture - A simple crack in the skull 3 Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 - least deadly - most common - usually perpendicular to suture in skull Depressed skull fracture - Inward indentation of the skull with possible pressure on brain - Usually caused from direct trauma to skull (I.e. baseball bat to head) - Will feel abnormal Open skull fracture - a skull fracture with an associated open wound to the overlying scalp - pierced brain cavity - worst injury, most deadly Basilar skull fracture - - Fracture at the base of the skull - leak in cranial vault (usually occurs at high speeds) Symptoms of basilar skull fracture (& when will they show up) - - Raccoon eyes (bruises around/underneath) 4 Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 - Battle's sign: red circular bruises behind ears - Symptoms will usually show up a day after major trauma (takes a while for blood to pool causing symptoms) TBI - Traumatic brain injury: injury capable of producing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, vocation changes Primary TBI - Immediate injury from bruising or penetrating objects Secondary TBI - Injury resulting from hypoxia (lack of perfusion) in the brain Epidural hematoma - - hematoma (bleeding) located superior to the dura mater - results from direct trauma to brain symptoms of epidural hematoma - lucid interval - pt. will usually be knocked unconscious initially, wak