Mental Health Final Review
(This is meant to be an OUTLINE pls refer back to notes from details, for ALL drugs refer to
notes, also some topics were not mentioned because it was like 1 question on the exam)
Exam 1
➔ Chapter 1
◆ Phenomena of Concern: promoting physical and mental health, co occurring/
comorbidities, violence, self harm
◆ Florence Nightingale: therapeutic communication
◆ Linda Richards: 1st trained RN in MH facility
◆ Effie Taylore: integrated psy RN content into the curriculum
◆ Harriet Bailey: wrote first psy RN textbook
◆ Peplau: interpersonal relationships
◆ Pinel: ordered removal of chains, stopped the abuses of drugging and
bloodletting, and placed pts under the care of doctors
◆ William Tuke: raised funds for retreat for members who had mental disorders
◆ Quakers: religious group instrumental in stopping the practice of bloodletting
◆ Dorothea Dix: reform, state hospitals
◆ Horace Mann: a rep in MA, mandated financial responsibility of state for MH pts
◆ Clifford Beer: recovered pt. Became humane tx advocate
◆ Frreud: developed a personality theory based on unconscious motivations and
drives
◆ WW2: showed MH can affect all Types
◆ Freudian Model: 1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Genital
● Any interference with the normal development can cause psychosis
(severe) or neurosis (less severe) development
➔ Famous Theorist:
◆ Freud: Psychoanalytic
● ID/Ego/Superego
◆ Sulivan: Interpersonal
● Relationships
, ◆ Erikson: Ego
● 8 stages of Development
◆ Maslow: Humanistic
● Hierarchy of Needs
◆ Pavlov: Class Conditioning
● Stimulus
◆ Watson: Behaviorism
● Shaping Behaviors
◆ Skinner: Operant Conditioning
● Reinforcer
◆ Peplau: Operant conditioning
● Reinforcer
◆ Milieu: Disturbed Children
● Psychotic Children
➔ Ego Defense Mechanisms
◆ Compensation: covering up a real or perceived weakness by emphasizing a trait
one considers more desirable
◆ Denial: refusing to acknowledge the existence of a real situation or the feeling
associated with it
◆ Displacement: Placing the anger on something below it
◆ Intellectualization: an attempt to avoid expression of actual emotions with a
stressful situation by using intellectual process of logic, reasoning, and analysis
◆ Introjection: integration the beliefs and values of another individual into one’s
own ego structure
◆ Isolation: separating though or memory from the feeling tone or emotion
associated with it
◆ Projection: attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to one’s self to another
person
◆ Rationalization: attempting to make excuses or formulate logical reason to justify
unacceptable feeling or behaviours
◆ Reaction Formation: preventing unacceptable or undesirable thoughts or
behaviors from being from being expressed by exaggeration opposite thought or
types of behaviours
◆ Regression: responding to stress by retreating to an earlier level of development
and the comfort measures associated with that level of functioning
● Childlike way of coping
, ◆ Repression: involuntary blocking unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s
awareness
◆ Sublimation: rechanneling of drives that are personally or socially unacceptable
into activities that are constructive
◆ Suppression: the voluntary blocking of unpleasant feeling and experiences from
one’s awareness
◆ Undoing: symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that one finds
intolerable
● Like cheating on wife and bringing her flowers
➔ Therapeutic Communication
◆ Using Silence: gives the client the opportunity to collect and organize thoughts,
to think through a point or to consider introducing a topic of greater concern that
one being discussed
◆ Accepting: conveys an attitude of rectoptopm amd regard
◆ Making Observation: verbalizing what is observed or perceived. This encourages
the client to recognize specific behaviors and compare perceptions with the nurse
◆ Restating: repeating the main idea of what the client has said. This lets the client
know that an expressed statement has been heard
◆ Reflection: questions and feelings are referred back to the client so that they may
be recognized, confirmed, and explored further
◆ Seeking Clarification and Validation: striving to explain that which is vague or
incomprehensible and searching for mutual understanding
◆ Presenting Reality when the client had a misperception of the environment, the
nurse defines reality or indicates his/her perception of the situation for the client
◆ Voicing doubt: expressing uncertainty as the client’s perceptions, often used with
clients experiencing delusional thinking
➔ Ethics of Psy Nursing
◆ Autonomy: each person has the fundamental right to self determination
◆ Beneficence; the HCP uses knowledge of science and incorps the art of caring to
develop an environment in which individual achieve their maximal health care
potential
◆ Justice: the duty to treat all fairly, distributing the risk and benefits equally
◆ Nonmaleficence: the duty to cause no harm
◆ Paternalism: the belief that knowledge and education authorize pros to make
decisions for the food the patient
● Using EBP to make decisions
◆ Veracity: they duty to tell the truth
(This is meant to be an OUTLINE pls refer back to notes from details, for ALL drugs refer to
notes, also some topics were not mentioned because it was like 1 question on the exam)
Exam 1
➔ Chapter 1
◆ Phenomena of Concern: promoting physical and mental health, co occurring/
comorbidities, violence, self harm
◆ Florence Nightingale: therapeutic communication
◆ Linda Richards: 1st trained RN in MH facility
◆ Effie Taylore: integrated psy RN content into the curriculum
◆ Harriet Bailey: wrote first psy RN textbook
◆ Peplau: interpersonal relationships
◆ Pinel: ordered removal of chains, stopped the abuses of drugging and
bloodletting, and placed pts under the care of doctors
◆ William Tuke: raised funds for retreat for members who had mental disorders
◆ Quakers: religious group instrumental in stopping the practice of bloodletting
◆ Dorothea Dix: reform, state hospitals
◆ Horace Mann: a rep in MA, mandated financial responsibility of state for MH pts
◆ Clifford Beer: recovered pt. Became humane tx advocate
◆ Frreud: developed a personality theory based on unconscious motivations and
drives
◆ WW2: showed MH can affect all Types
◆ Freudian Model: 1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Genital
● Any interference with the normal development can cause psychosis
(severe) or neurosis (less severe) development
➔ Famous Theorist:
◆ Freud: Psychoanalytic
● ID/Ego/Superego
◆ Sulivan: Interpersonal
● Relationships
, ◆ Erikson: Ego
● 8 stages of Development
◆ Maslow: Humanistic
● Hierarchy of Needs
◆ Pavlov: Class Conditioning
● Stimulus
◆ Watson: Behaviorism
● Shaping Behaviors
◆ Skinner: Operant Conditioning
● Reinforcer
◆ Peplau: Operant conditioning
● Reinforcer
◆ Milieu: Disturbed Children
● Psychotic Children
➔ Ego Defense Mechanisms
◆ Compensation: covering up a real or perceived weakness by emphasizing a trait
one considers more desirable
◆ Denial: refusing to acknowledge the existence of a real situation or the feeling
associated with it
◆ Displacement: Placing the anger on something below it
◆ Intellectualization: an attempt to avoid expression of actual emotions with a
stressful situation by using intellectual process of logic, reasoning, and analysis
◆ Introjection: integration the beliefs and values of another individual into one’s
own ego structure
◆ Isolation: separating though or memory from the feeling tone or emotion
associated with it
◆ Projection: attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to one’s self to another
person
◆ Rationalization: attempting to make excuses or formulate logical reason to justify
unacceptable feeling or behaviours
◆ Reaction Formation: preventing unacceptable or undesirable thoughts or
behaviors from being from being expressed by exaggeration opposite thought or
types of behaviours
◆ Regression: responding to stress by retreating to an earlier level of development
and the comfort measures associated with that level of functioning
● Childlike way of coping
, ◆ Repression: involuntary blocking unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s
awareness
◆ Sublimation: rechanneling of drives that are personally or socially unacceptable
into activities that are constructive
◆ Suppression: the voluntary blocking of unpleasant feeling and experiences from
one’s awareness
◆ Undoing: symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that one finds
intolerable
● Like cheating on wife and bringing her flowers
➔ Therapeutic Communication
◆ Using Silence: gives the client the opportunity to collect and organize thoughts,
to think through a point or to consider introducing a topic of greater concern that
one being discussed
◆ Accepting: conveys an attitude of rectoptopm amd regard
◆ Making Observation: verbalizing what is observed or perceived. This encourages
the client to recognize specific behaviors and compare perceptions with the nurse
◆ Restating: repeating the main idea of what the client has said. This lets the client
know that an expressed statement has been heard
◆ Reflection: questions and feelings are referred back to the client so that they may
be recognized, confirmed, and explored further
◆ Seeking Clarification and Validation: striving to explain that which is vague or
incomprehensible and searching for mutual understanding
◆ Presenting Reality when the client had a misperception of the environment, the
nurse defines reality or indicates his/her perception of the situation for the client
◆ Voicing doubt: expressing uncertainty as the client’s perceptions, often used with
clients experiencing delusional thinking
➔ Ethics of Psy Nursing
◆ Autonomy: each person has the fundamental right to self determination
◆ Beneficence; the HCP uses knowledge of science and incorps the art of caring to
develop an environment in which individual achieve their maximal health care
potential
◆ Justice: the duty to treat all fairly, distributing the risk and benefits equally
◆ Nonmaleficence: the duty to cause no harm
◆ Paternalism: the belief that knowledge and education authorize pros to make
decisions for the food the patient
● Using EBP to make decisions
◆ Veracity: they duty to tell the truth
