TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOG
n n n
6TH EDITION BY JACQUELYN L. BAN
n n n n n
SIK CHAPTER 1-54 COMPLETE GUID
n n n n
,Chapter n1:nIntroductionntonPathophysiology nTes
tnBank
MULTIPLEnCHOICE
1. C.Q.n wasn recentlyn exposed n ton groupn An hemolyticnStreptococcusn and n subsequentlyn developed n an pharyng
minationn revealsn ann oraln temperaturen of n 102.3°n F,nskinn rash,ndysphagia,n andn reddenednthroat n mucosan with
plainsn of n soren throat,n malaise,n and n joint n stiffness.n Anthroat n culturenisn positiven fornStreptococcus,n and n antib
.n Then etiologyn of n C.Q.’sn diseasen is
a. an soren throat.
b. streptococcaln infection.
c. geneticn susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:n B
Etiologyn refersn ton then proposed ncausen orncausesn of nan particularn diseasen process.n An soren throat nisn then manif
.n Geneticn susceptibilityn refersn ton inherited n tendencyn tondevelopn an disease.n Pharyngitisn refersn ton inflammat
inicaln manifestationn of n then diseasen process.
REF:n n Pg.n 2
2. An 17-year-old n college-bound n student n receivesn an vaccinen against n ann organismn that n causesn meningitis.n Thi
a. primaryn prevention.
b. secondaryn prevention.
c. tertiaryn prevention.
d. diseasen treatment.
ANS:n A
Primaryn preventionn isn preventionn of n diseasen byn alteringn susceptibilityn orn reducingn exposuren forn susceptib
ccination.n Secondaryn preventionn isn then earlyn detection,n screening,n and nmanagement n of n then disease.n Terti
itativen and n supportiven caren and nattemptsn tonalleviaten disabilityn and nrestoren effectiven functioning.n Disease
nt n of n then diseasen oncen it n hasn developed.
REF:n n Pg.n 9
3. Ann obesen but n otherwisen healthyn teenn isn givenn an prescriptionn forn an low-calorien diet n and n exercisen program.
a. primaryn prevention.
b. secondaryn prevention.
c. tertiaryn prevention.
d. diseasen treatment.
ANS:n B
Secondaryn preventionn isn thenearlyn detection,n screening,n andnmanagement n ofnthendiseasen suchn asnprescribin
vidualn whon hasn alreadyn developed nobesity.n Primaryn preventionn isn preventionn of ndiseasen byn alteringn susce
forn susceptiblen individuals.n Tertiaryn preventionn includesn rehabilitativen and n supportiven caren and n attempts
oren effectiven functioning.n Diseasen treatment n involvesn management n of n then diseasen oncen it n hasn developed
REF:n Pgs.n 9-10
4. An patient n withn highn blood n pressuren whon isn otherwisen healthyn isn counseled n ton restrict n sodiumn intake.n Thi
a. primaryn prevention.
b. secondaryn prevention.
c. tertiaryn prevention.
d. diseasen treatment.
ANS:n B
Secondaryn preventionn isn thenearlyn detection,n screening,n andnmanagement n ofnthendisease,n suchn asnbynprescr
ghn blood n pressure.n Primaryn preventionn isn preventionn of n diseasen byn alteringn susceptibilityn orn reducingn exp
, 6. An patient n hasn beennexposed ntonmeningococcaln meningitis,n but n isn not nyet ndemonstratingn signsn ofn thisn disea
alled n then n stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:n B
Incubationn refersn ton thenintervaln betweenn exposuren ofnantissuen tonann injuriousn agent nandn thenfirst nappearanc
nfectiousn diseases,n thisn period nisn oftenncalled nthenincubationn (latent)nperiod.nProdromaln refersn tonthenappea
mptomsn indicatingn then onset n of nandisease.n Thesen aren oftenn nonspecific,n suchnasn headache,n malaise,n anorex
ociated n withn an numbern ofn different ndiseases.n Sequelan refersn tonsubsequent n pathologicn conditionn resulting
cen isn then stagen of n recoveryn aftern an disease,n injury,n orn surgicaln operation.
REF:n n Pg.n 3
7. An diseasen that n isn nativen ton an particularn regionn isn called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS:n B
An diseasen that nisn nativentonanparticularn regionn isn called n endemic.n Annepidemicn isn an diseasen that nspreadsntonm
ime.n Pandemicsn aren epidemicsn that n affect n largen geographicn regions,n perhapsn spreadingn worldwide.
REF:n n Pg.n 6
8. Inn general,n withn aging,n organn sizen and n function
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remainn then same.
d. isn unknown.
ANS:n B
Inn general,n withn aging,n organn sizen and n functionn decrease.
REF:n n Pg.n 5
9. Then stagen duringn whichn then patient n functionsn normally,n althoughn then diseasen processesn aren welln establish
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:n B
Then stagen duringn whichn then patient nfunctionsn normally,n althoughn thendiseasen processesn aren welln establish
age.n Then intervaln betweenn exposuren of nantissuen tonanninjuriousn agent n andnthenfirst n appearancen ofnsignsn and
ent n period n or,n inn thencasen of ninfectiousn diseases,n ann incubationn period.n Then prodromaln period,n orn prodrom
then first n signsn and nsymptomsn indicatingnthenonset nofn andisease.n Convalescencen isn thenstagen of n recoveryn af
aln operation.
REF:n n Pg.n 3
MULTIPLEnRESPONSE
10. Yourn patient’sn red n blood n celln isn slightlyn elevated n today.n Thisn might n ben explained n byn(Selectn alln thatn apply
a. gendern difference.
b. situationaln factors.
, COMPLETION
12. Whenn then causen isn unknown,n an conditionn isn said n ton ben .
ANS:
idiopathic
Manyn diseasesn aren idiopathicn inn nature.
REF:n n Pg.n 2
13. Then nursen isn swabbingn an patient’sn throat ntontest nforn streptococcaln pharyngitis.n Then nursen must n understand
n then probabilityn that n theyn willn ben positiven forn an conditionn whenn applied n ton an personn withn then condition;n t
.
ANS:
sensitivity
Then sensitivityn of n anyn test n refersn ton thenprobabilityn that nthentest nwilln ben positiven whenn applied nton anpersonn
t n providen an falsen negativenresult.n Inncontrast,nspecificityn isnthenprobabilityn thatn antest nwilln bennegativenwhen
not n haven an givenn condition.
REF:n n Pg.n 5
n n n
6TH EDITION BY JACQUELYN L. BAN
n n n n n
SIK CHAPTER 1-54 COMPLETE GUID
n n n n
,Chapter n1:nIntroductionntonPathophysiology nTes
tnBank
MULTIPLEnCHOICE
1. C.Q.n wasn recentlyn exposed n ton groupn An hemolyticnStreptococcusn and n subsequentlyn developed n an pharyng
minationn revealsn ann oraln temperaturen of n 102.3°n F,nskinn rash,ndysphagia,n andn reddenednthroat n mucosan with
plainsn of n soren throat,n malaise,n and n joint n stiffness.n Anthroat n culturenisn positiven fornStreptococcus,n and n antib
.n Then etiologyn of n C.Q.’sn diseasen is
a. an soren throat.
b. streptococcaln infection.
c. geneticn susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:n B
Etiologyn refersn ton then proposed ncausen orncausesn of nan particularn diseasen process.n An soren throat nisn then manif
.n Geneticn susceptibilityn refersn ton inherited n tendencyn tondevelopn an disease.n Pharyngitisn refersn ton inflammat
inicaln manifestationn of n then diseasen process.
REF:n n Pg.n 2
2. An 17-year-old n college-bound n student n receivesn an vaccinen against n ann organismn that n causesn meningitis.n Thi
a. primaryn prevention.
b. secondaryn prevention.
c. tertiaryn prevention.
d. diseasen treatment.
ANS:n A
Primaryn preventionn isn preventionn of n diseasen byn alteringn susceptibilityn orn reducingn exposuren forn susceptib
ccination.n Secondaryn preventionn isn then earlyn detection,n screening,n and nmanagement n of n then disease.n Terti
itativen and n supportiven caren and nattemptsn tonalleviaten disabilityn and nrestoren effectiven functioning.n Disease
nt n of n then diseasen oncen it n hasn developed.
REF:n n Pg.n 9
3. Ann obesen but n otherwisen healthyn teenn isn givenn an prescriptionn forn an low-calorien diet n and n exercisen program.
a. primaryn prevention.
b. secondaryn prevention.
c. tertiaryn prevention.
d. diseasen treatment.
ANS:n B
Secondaryn preventionn isn thenearlyn detection,n screening,n andnmanagement n ofnthendiseasen suchn asnprescribin
vidualn whon hasn alreadyn developed nobesity.n Primaryn preventionn isn preventionn of ndiseasen byn alteringn susce
forn susceptiblen individuals.n Tertiaryn preventionn includesn rehabilitativen and n supportiven caren and n attempts
oren effectiven functioning.n Diseasen treatment n involvesn management n of n then diseasen oncen it n hasn developed
REF:n Pgs.n 9-10
4. An patient n withn highn blood n pressuren whon isn otherwisen healthyn isn counseled n ton restrict n sodiumn intake.n Thi
a. primaryn prevention.
b. secondaryn prevention.
c. tertiaryn prevention.
d. diseasen treatment.
ANS:n B
Secondaryn preventionn isn thenearlyn detection,n screening,n andnmanagement n ofnthendisease,n suchn asnbynprescr
ghn blood n pressure.n Primaryn preventionn isn preventionn of n diseasen byn alteringn susceptibilityn orn reducingn exp
, 6. An patient n hasn beennexposed ntonmeningococcaln meningitis,n but n isn not nyet ndemonstratingn signsn ofn thisn disea
alled n then n stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:n B
Incubationn refersn ton thenintervaln betweenn exposuren ofnantissuen tonann injuriousn agent nandn thenfirst nappearanc
nfectiousn diseases,n thisn period nisn oftenncalled nthenincubationn (latent)nperiod.nProdromaln refersn tonthenappea
mptomsn indicatingn then onset n of nandisease.n Thesen aren oftenn nonspecific,n suchnasn headache,n malaise,n anorex
ociated n withn an numbern ofn different ndiseases.n Sequelan refersn tonsubsequent n pathologicn conditionn resulting
cen isn then stagen of n recoveryn aftern an disease,n injury,n orn surgicaln operation.
REF:n n Pg.n 3
7. An diseasen that n isn nativen ton an particularn regionn isn called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS:n B
An diseasen that nisn nativentonanparticularn regionn isn called n endemic.n Annepidemicn isn an diseasen that nspreadsntonm
ime.n Pandemicsn aren epidemicsn that n affect n largen geographicn regions,n perhapsn spreadingn worldwide.
REF:n n Pg.n 6
8. Inn general,n withn aging,n organn sizen and n function
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remainn then same.
d. isn unknown.
ANS:n B
Inn general,n withn aging,n organn sizen and n functionn decrease.
REF:n n Pg.n 5
9. Then stagen duringn whichn then patient n functionsn normally,n althoughn then diseasen processesn aren welln establish
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:n B
Then stagen duringn whichn then patient nfunctionsn normally,n althoughn thendiseasen processesn aren welln establish
age.n Then intervaln betweenn exposuren of nantissuen tonanninjuriousn agent n andnthenfirst n appearancen ofnsignsn and
ent n period n or,n inn thencasen of ninfectiousn diseases,n ann incubationn period.n Then prodromaln period,n orn prodrom
then first n signsn and nsymptomsn indicatingnthenonset nofn andisease.n Convalescencen isn thenstagen of n recoveryn af
aln operation.
REF:n n Pg.n 3
MULTIPLEnRESPONSE
10. Yourn patient’sn red n blood n celln isn slightlyn elevated n today.n Thisn might n ben explained n byn(Selectn alln thatn apply
a. gendern difference.
b. situationaln factors.
, COMPLETION
12. Whenn then causen isn unknown,n an conditionn isn said n ton ben .
ANS:
idiopathic
Manyn diseasesn aren idiopathicn inn nature.
REF:n n Pg.n 2
13. Then nursen isn swabbingn an patient’sn throat ntontest nforn streptococcaln pharyngitis.n Then nursen must n understand
n then probabilityn that n theyn willn ben positiven forn an conditionn whenn applied n ton an personn withn then condition;n t
.
ANS:
sensitivity
Then sensitivityn of n anyn test n refersn ton thenprobabilityn that nthentest nwilln ben positiven whenn applied nton anpersonn
t n providen an falsen negativenresult.n Inncontrast,nspecificityn isnthenprobabilityn thatn antest nwilln bennegativenwhen
not n haven an givenn condition.
REF:n n Pg.n 5
