BIO 4400 FINAL EXAM WITH ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED!!
You are studying whisker development in the rare purple-whisker tiger. You generate a
mutant with loss of GeneA. This mutant tiger has extra whiskers.
What is the normal function of GeneA?
A) to promote growth of whisker development
B) autonomously specify whiskers
C) there's no way to determine this from the information given
D) inhibit whisker development - ANSWER D) inhibit whisker development
Which processes are NOT involved in development?
A. Apoptosis
B. Cell growth
C. Cell differentiation
D. Morphogenesis
E. All of these normally occur during development - ANSWER E. All of these normally
occur during development
Intraflagellar transport is not functional, but the microtubules in the cilia are normal.
Which of the following molecules are you least likely to see in a cell with a hedgehog
signal?
A) Gli activator unbound from SuFu
,B) Phosphorylated Gli
C) Phosphorylated Smoothened
D) Hedgehog-Patched complex - ANSWER A) Gli activator unbound from SuFu
A cell's fate depends only on its neighbors. What type of specification is this?
A. syncytial
B. autonomous
C. neighbor specification
D. commitment
E. conditional - ANSWER E. conditional
Select all statements that are true about the notochord:
A) Derived from the endoderm
B) Source of inductive signal for neurulation
C) Source of Bmp signaling
D) Source of Shh signaling
E) Defining feature of chordates - ANSWER B) Source of inductive signal for
neurulation
D) Source of Shh signaling
E) Defining feature of chordates
Which structure is NOT paired with the primary germ layer from which it's derived?
A. Facial bones from mesoderm
B. Brain from ectoderm
,C. Blood from mesoderm
D. Limb from mesoderm
E. Eye from ectoderm - ANSWER A. Facial bones from mesoderm
What information is not included in a fate map? - ANSWER timing of commitment
Which of the following best describes a morphogen?
A. cell that controls cell fate by producing a diffusible signal
B. diffusible protein that plays a role in specifying cell fate
C. protein that determines cell fate via endocrine signaling
D. protein that helps mediate direct cell-cell interaction
E. protein that enables cells to become totipotent - ANSWER B. diffusible protein that
plays a role in specifying cell fate
Which is most accurate about fish fins, bird wings, and human limbs?
A. They do not share any common architecture
B. Fish fins and human limbs both have a stylopod, while bird wings do not
C. Their different structure is independent of how they use their limbs
D. They utilize the same molecular signals, which is why scientists use chickens to study
limb development
E. None have dorsal and ventral differences - ANSWER D. They utilize the same
molecular signals, which is why scientists use chickens to study limb development
Match the description to the structure it will form:
1) anterior end of neural tube
, 2) posterior end of neural tube
3) ectoderm that expresses low levels of BMP
4) ectoderm that expresses intermediate levels of BMP
5) ectoderm that expresses high levels of BMP - ANSWER 1) anterior end = brain
2) posterior end = spinal cord
3) low BMP = neural plate
4) intermediate BMP = neural crest cells
5) high BMP = epidermis
Which type of signaling is likely to have the longest lasting effect?
A. Conditional
B. Autocrine
C. Endocrine
D. Juxtacrine
E. Paracrine - ANSWER C. Endocrine
Patched is localized to a vesicle instead of the cell membrane. Check all of the following
molecules you are likely to find in the cell when a hedgehog signal is present.
A) PKA bound to microtubules
B) Phosphorylated Gli
C) Hedgehog-Patched complex
D) the blue diamond TF (transcription factor)
E) Gli activator - ANSWER A) PKA bound to microtubules
B) Phosphorylated Gli
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED!!
You are studying whisker development in the rare purple-whisker tiger. You generate a
mutant with loss of GeneA. This mutant tiger has extra whiskers.
What is the normal function of GeneA?
A) to promote growth of whisker development
B) autonomously specify whiskers
C) there's no way to determine this from the information given
D) inhibit whisker development - ANSWER D) inhibit whisker development
Which processes are NOT involved in development?
A. Apoptosis
B. Cell growth
C. Cell differentiation
D. Morphogenesis
E. All of these normally occur during development - ANSWER E. All of these normally
occur during development
Intraflagellar transport is not functional, but the microtubules in the cilia are normal.
Which of the following molecules are you least likely to see in a cell with a hedgehog
signal?
A) Gli activator unbound from SuFu
,B) Phosphorylated Gli
C) Phosphorylated Smoothened
D) Hedgehog-Patched complex - ANSWER A) Gli activator unbound from SuFu
A cell's fate depends only on its neighbors. What type of specification is this?
A. syncytial
B. autonomous
C. neighbor specification
D. commitment
E. conditional - ANSWER E. conditional
Select all statements that are true about the notochord:
A) Derived from the endoderm
B) Source of inductive signal for neurulation
C) Source of Bmp signaling
D) Source of Shh signaling
E) Defining feature of chordates - ANSWER B) Source of inductive signal for
neurulation
D) Source of Shh signaling
E) Defining feature of chordates
Which structure is NOT paired with the primary germ layer from which it's derived?
A. Facial bones from mesoderm
B. Brain from ectoderm
,C. Blood from mesoderm
D. Limb from mesoderm
E. Eye from ectoderm - ANSWER A. Facial bones from mesoderm
What information is not included in a fate map? - ANSWER timing of commitment
Which of the following best describes a morphogen?
A. cell that controls cell fate by producing a diffusible signal
B. diffusible protein that plays a role in specifying cell fate
C. protein that determines cell fate via endocrine signaling
D. protein that helps mediate direct cell-cell interaction
E. protein that enables cells to become totipotent - ANSWER B. diffusible protein that
plays a role in specifying cell fate
Which is most accurate about fish fins, bird wings, and human limbs?
A. They do not share any common architecture
B. Fish fins and human limbs both have a stylopod, while bird wings do not
C. Their different structure is independent of how they use their limbs
D. They utilize the same molecular signals, which is why scientists use chickens to study
limb development
E. None have dorsal and ventral differences - ANSWER D. They utilize the same
molecular signals, which is why scientists use chickens to study limb development
Match the description to the structure it will form:
1) anterior end of neural tube
, 2) posterior end of neural tube
3) ectoderm that expresses low levels of BMP
4) ectoderm that expresses intermediate levels of BMP
5) ectoderm that expresses high levels of BMP - ANSWER 1) anterior end = brain
2) posterior end = spinal cord
3) low BMP = neural plate
4) intermediate BMP = neural crest cells
5) high BMP = epidermis
Which type of signaling is likely to have the longest lasting effect?
A. Conditional
B. Autocrine
C. Endocrine
D. Juxtacrine
E. Paracrine - ANSWER C. Endocrine
Patched is localized to a vesicle instead of the cell membrane. Check all of the following
molecules you are likely to find in the cell when a hedgehog signal is present.
A) PKA bound to microtubules
B) Phosphorylated Gli
C) Hedgehog-Patched complex
D) the blue diamond TF (transcription factor)
E) Gli activator - ANSWER A) PKA bound to microtubules
B) Phosphorylated Gli
