Genetic Mutations UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Point mutation deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - A genetic mutation in which one base is
omitted or left out; A change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is
removed.
insertion - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of point mutation involving the addition of one or
more nucleotide pairs to a gene; one base is inserted or removed from the DNA sequence. The
bases are still read in groups of three, but now those groupings shift in every codon that follows
the mutation.
inversion - CORRECT ANSWER - A mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of
a chromosome is reversed; reverses the direction of parts of a chromosome.
translocation - CORRECT ANSWER - The process in which a segment of a chromosome
breaks off and attaches to another chromosome; occurs when part of one chromosome breaks off
and attaches to another.
mutagen - CORRECT ANSWER - A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and
causes a mutation.
mutation - CORRECT ANSWER - An alteration in DNA structure or sequence of a gene;
heritable changes in genetic information.
frameshift mutation - CORRECT ANSWER - A mutation caused by an insertion or deletion of
base pairs in a gene sequence in DNA such that the reading frame of the gene, and thus the
amino acid sequence of the protein is altered.
point mutation - CORRECT ANSWER - A mutation in which only one or a few nucleotides or
nitrogenous bases in a gene are changed; they occur at a single point in the DNA sequence and
generally occur during replication.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Point mutation deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - A genetic mutation in which one base is
omitted or left out; A change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is
removed.
insertion - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of point mutation involving the addition of one or
more nucleotide pairs to a gene; one base is inserted or removed from the DNA sequence. The
bases are still read in groups of three, but now those groupings shift in every codon that follows
the mutation.
inversion - CORRECT ANSWER - A mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of
a chromosome is reversed; reverses the direction of parts of a chromosome.
translocation - CORRECT ANSWER - The process in which a segment of a chromosome
breaks off and attaches to another chromosome; occurs when part of one chromosome breaks off
and attaches to another.
mutagen - CORRECT ANSWER - A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and
causes a mutation.
mutation - CORRECT ANSWER - An alteration in DNA structure or sequence of a gene;
heritable changes in genetic information.
frameshift mutation - CORRECT ANSWER - A mutation caused by an insertion or deletion of
base pairs in a gene sequence in DNA such that the reading frame of the gene, and thus the
amino acid sequence of the protein is altered.
point mutation - CORRECT ANSWER - A mutation in which only one or a few nucleotides or
nitrogenous bases in a gene are changed; they occur at a single point in the DNA sequence and
generally occur during replication.
