PHIL347N Week 4 Quiz
1. Based on what you have read in the text, the lecture, and any other
sources you find helpful to your understanding of deductive arguments,
explain the structure of a deductive argument in your own words.: An
argument is deductive if the premises are true and if the reasoning is such that there
is only one possible conclusion
2. Go to the box "Deductive Reasoning" (in the beginning of Chapter 8).
Read the last paragraph there. Based on that reading and any other sources
you find helpful to your understanding, describe the part that "rules,
operating conditions, core beliefs, values, policies, principles, procedures,
and terminology" (p. 159) play in deductive arguments.: In an argument, when
the reasoning stems from an operating condition, core belief, value, policy, principle,
procedure, or terminology, that premise will control the outcome. Meaning, the rule,
policy, etc., will completely determine the conclusion of the argument.
3. In the introduction to Chapter 8, the text sets forth a specific definition
of the term "valid" as it applies to deductive arguments. What is that
definition?: Valid applies to the structure of a deductive argument. If a deductive
argument is "valid", then it is in the proper form.
Invalid means that a deductive argument has a mistake in its form.
"Sound" means that the premises of a deductive argument are actually, factually
true and they guarantee the conclusion.
4. Affirming the Antecedent:: If A, then B
A Therefore, B IF I wash my hands THEN I won't get sick
I washed my hands therefore, I didn't get sick
5. Denying the Consequent:: If A then B
Not B
Therefore not A IF I wash my hands THEN I won't get sick
I got sick, therefore I did not wash my hands
6. Jack says: "I can enroll full time this semester, or I can buy a car. I think
going to school full time is the better option for me, so I'll have to put off
buying car." What name does the text give to this argument structure?:
Disjunctive syllogism (either/or)
Either A or B
A
Therefore not B
1/3
1. Based on what you have read in the text, the lecture, and any other
sources you find helpful to your understanding of deductive arguments,
explain the structure of a deductive argument in your own words.: An
argument is deductive if the premises are true and if the reasoning is such that there
is only one possible conclusion
2. Go to the box "Deductive Reasoning" (in the beginning of Chapter 8).
Read the last paragraph there. Based on that reading and any other sources
you find helpful to your understanding, describe the part that "rules,
operating conditions, core beliefs, values, policies, principles, procedures,
and terminology" (p. 159) play in deductive arguments.: In an argument, when
the reasoning stems from an operating condition, core belief, value, policy, principle,
procedure, or terminology, that premise will control the outcome. Meaning, the rule,
policy, etc., will completely determine the conclusion of the argument.
3. In the introduction to Chapter 8, the text sets forth a specific definition
of the term "valid" as it applies to deductive arguments. What is that
definition?: Valid applies to the structure of a deductive argument. If a deductive
argument is "valid", then it is in the proper form.
Invalid means that a deductive argument has a mistake in its form.
"Sound" means that the premises of a deductive argument are actually, factually
true and they guarantee the conclusion.
4. Affirming the Antecedent:: If A, then B
A Therefore, B IF I wash my hands THEN I won't get sick
I washed my hands therefore, I didn't get sick
5. Denying the Consequent:: If A then B
Not B
Therefore not A IF I wash my hands THEN I won't get sick
I got sick, therefore I did not wash my hands
6. Jack says: "I can enroll full time this semester, or I can buy a car. I think
going to school full time is the better option for me, so I'll have to put off
buying car." What name does the text give to this argument structure?:
Disjunctive syllogism (either/or)
Either A or B
A
Therefore not B
1/3
