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Neurotransmitter
Communication
Created @January 21, 2025 11:24 AM
Class Principles to Neuroscience and Pharmacology
Neuronal Communication
Neurons communicating with each other using electrical and chemical signals
Neurotransmitters-
Brain chemicals stored in axon terminals and synapses that transmit the
neuron signals
Classification of Neurotransmitters
Synthesized and stored in presynaptic neuron
Released by presynaptic axon terminal
Produces responses in postsynaptic cells
Synapse Structure:
Presynaptic terminal
The axon end forms a synapse
Mitochondria
Energy for synaptic transmission
Neurotransmitter Communication 1
, Secretory granules
Contains neuropeptide chemicals to activate receptors on surrounding
neurons
Synaptic Cleft
Area in a synapse
Synaptic vesicles
Prevents degradation of neurotransmitters caused by surrounding
enzymes
Active zone
Part of presynaptic regions for synaptic vesicles to dock and be released
Postsynaptic density
Area of postsynaptic membrane containing lots of receptors
Presynaptic Terminal
Neurotransmitters and enzymes needed for protein synthesis
Vesicular transporters- Proteins transport neurotransmitters to synaptic
vesicles
Reuptake transporters- Proteins transporting transmitters back into
presynaptic terminal
Degradative enzymes break down loose transmitters
Postsynaptic Region Proteins that accept relayed signals from
neurotransmitters
Receptors
Proteins that accept relayed signals from neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitter Communication 2
Neurotransmitter
Communication
Created @January 21, 2025 11:24 AM
Class Principles to Neuroscience and Pharmacology
Neuronal Communication
Neurons communicating with each other using electrical and chemical signals
Neurotransmitters-
Brain chemicals stored in axon terminals and synapses that transmit the
neuron signals
Classification of Neurotransmitters
Synthesized and stored in presynaptic neuron
Released by presynaptic axon terminal
Produces responses in postsynaptic cells
Synapse Structure:
Presynaptic terminal
The axon end forms a synapse
Mitochondria
Energy for synaptic transmission
Neurotransmitter Communication 1
, Secretory granules
Contains neuropeptide chemicals to activate receptors on surrounding
neurons
Synaptic Cleft
Area in a synapse
Synaptic vesicles
Prevents degradation of neurotransmitters caused by surrounding
enzymes
Active zone
Part of presynaptic regions for synaptic vesicles to dock and be released
Postsynaptic density
Area of postsynaptic membrane containing lots of receptors
Presynaptic Terminal
Neurotransmitters and enzymes needed for protein synthesis
Vesicular transporters- Proteins transport neurotransmitters to synaptic
vesicles
Reuptake transporters- Proteins transporting transmitters back into
presynaptic terminal
Degradative enzymes break down loose transmitters
Postsynaptic Region Proteins that accept relayed signals from
neurotransmitters
Receptors
Proteins that accept relayed signals from neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitter Communication 2
