Micro BIO 150 Test 1 NVCC questions with verified
answers
What is the biological function of an endospore? Ans✓✓-Endospores are heat-
resistant forms of bacteria, so it allows the bacteria to survive extreme conditions
What are the three domains of life that all living organisms are separated into?
Ans✓✓-Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
How do you write a scientific name? Ans✓✓-All in italics or underlined with the
Genus FIRST LETTER capitalized and the species in lowercase. Many describe the
microbe or honor the scientist
Are archaea more closely related to bacteria or eukarya? Ans✓✓-Eukarya
Who developed the 3 domain system? Ans✓✓-Carl Woese
Who is Robert Hooke? Ans✓✓-First person to describe microbes
Who is Anton Van Leewenhook? Ans✓✓-He was the first to describe bacteria
from his own teeth
What does the Theory of Spontaneous Generation say? Ans✓✓-organisms can
arise spontaneously from non-living material
,Who disproved spontaneous generation and how? Ans✓✓-Louis Pasteur used
swan-necked flasks that had a heated solution/broth. No microbes could get past
the swan neck flask opening and into the solution.
pasteaurization Ans✓✓-a process of high heat for a short time to kill harmful
bacteria in beverages
How did Louis Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation? Ans✓✓-
In louis pasteur's experiment, Why was the neck S shaped? Ans✓✓-to trap the
microbes in the air in the curved neck
in louis pasteur's experiment, Why was the flask heated? Ans✓✓-to kill the
microbes in the broth
in louis pasteur's experiment, Why was the flask tilted after a short time?
Ans✓✓-To introduce the trapped bacteria
Who is Robert Koch? Ans✓✓-1. noted for developing "Koch's Postulates"
2. outlines the use of pure cultures to identify/determine the agent for
infections/diseases
3. father of medical microbiology
Nobel Prize Winners Ans✓✓-Koch and Pasteur
Koch's Postulates Ans✓✓-a sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a
specific microbe to a specific disease.
, 1. Draw blood- Dead rat & healthy rat
Look under microscope
Suspected pathogen spotted
Must be present in all cases of disease
2. Must be grown in pure culture (slice of potato)
Lab cultures- colonies of suspected pathogen
*Streaking isolates pathogen- pure culture
3. Inoculate healthy animal with pathogen
Does it kill rat?
4. Suspected pathogen must be isolated and shown to be same as original
5. Blood drawn from healthy dead rat and re isolated
Pure culture must be the same
Summarize Koch's postulates for linking specific microorganisms to certain
diseases Ans✓✓--If you isolate the bacterial agent of a sick animal, you can infect
a healthy individual with the same illness.
-The organism must always be present, in every case of the disease.
-The organism must be isolated from a host containing the disease and grown in
pure culture.
-Samples of the organism taken from pure culture must cause the same disease
when inoculated into a healthy, susceptible animal in the laboratory.
-The organism must be isolated from the inoculated animal and must be
identified as the same original organism first isolated from the originally diseased
host.
answers
What is the biological function of an endospore? Ans✓✓-Endospores are heat-
resistant forms of bacteria, so it allows the bacteria to survive extreme conditions
What are the three domains of life that all living organisms are separated into?
Ans✓✓-Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
How do you write a scientific name? Ans✓✓-All in italics or underlined with the
Genus FIRST LETTER capitalized and the species in lowercase. Many describe the
microbe or honor the scientist
Are archaea more closely related to bacteria or eukarya? Ans✓✓-Eukarya
Who developed the 3 domain system? Ans✓✓-Carl Woese
Who is Robert Hooke? Ans✓✓-First person to describe microbes
Who is Anton Van Leewenhook? Ans✓✓-He was the first to describe bacteria
from his own teeth
What does the Theory of Spontaneous Generation say? Ans✓✓-organisms can
arise spontaneously from non-living material
,Who disproved spontaneous generation and how? Ans✓✓-Louis Pasteur used
swan-necked flasks that had a heated solution/broth. No microbes could get past
the swan neck flask opening and into the solution.
pasteaurization Ans✓✓-a process of high heat for a short time to kill harmful
bacteria in beverages
How did Louis Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation? Ans✓✓-
In louis pasteur's experiment, Why was the neck S shaped? Ans✓✓-to trap the
microbes in the air in the curved neck
in louis pasteur's experiment, Why was the flask heated? Ans✓✓-to kill the
microbes in the broth
in louis pasteur's experiment, Why was the flask tilted after a short time?
Ans✓✓-To introduce the trapped bacteria
Who is Robert Koch? Ans✓✓-1. noted for developing "Koch's Postulates"
2. outlines the use of pure cultures to identify/determine the agent for
infections/diseases
3. father of medical microbiology
Nobel Prize Winners Ans✓✓-Koch and Pasteur
Koch's Postulates Ans✓✓-a sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a
specific microbe to a specific disease.
, 1. Draw blood- Dead rat & healthy rat
Look under microscope
Suspected pathogen spotted
Must be present in all cases of disease
2. Must be grown in pure culture (slice of potato)
Lab cultures- colonies of suspected pathogen
*Streaking isolates pathogen- pure culture
3. Inoculate healthy animal with pathogen
Does it kill rat?
4. Suspected pathogen must be isolated and shown to be same as original
5. Blood drawn from healthy dead rat and re isolated
Pure culture must be the same
Summarize Koch's postulates for linking specific microorganisms to certain
diseases Ans✓✓--If you isolate the bacterial agent of a sick animal, you can infect
a healthy individual with the same illness.
-The organism must always be present, in every case of the disease.
-The organism must be isolated from a host containing the disease and grown in
pure culture.
-Samples of the organism taken from pure culture must cause the same disease
when inoculated into a healthy, susceptible animal in the laboratory.
-The organism must be isolated from the inoculated animal and must be
identified as the same original organism first isolated from the originally diseased
host.
