NURS4121 Final Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions.
A patient's cardiac rhythm is sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 34 beats per minute. If the
bradycardia is symptomatic, which of the following findings should the nurse expect the patient to
exhibit?
a.Palpitations
b.Hypertension
c.Warm, flush skin
d.Shortness of breath - Answer d.Shortness of breath
A patient has a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, and his cardiac rhythm is sinus bradycardia with
six to eight premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) perminute. He pattern that the nurse recognizes as
the most characteristic of PVCs is which of the following?
a.An irregular rhythm
b.An inverted T wave
c.A wide, distorted QRS complex
d.An increasingly long PR interval. - Answer c. A wide, distorted QRS complex
A patient in the coronary care unit (CCU) develops ventricular fibrillation. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take first?
a.Perform defibrillation.
b.Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
c.Prepare for synchronized cardioversion.
d.Administer IV antidysrhythmic drugs per protocol. - Answer b.Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Which information about a patient's condition would the nurse consider when providing care to a
patient who just received radioactive iodine for Grave's disease?
a.Not radioactive & can be handled as any individual.
b.Not radioactive at all, but may still transmit some dangerous radiations & must be treated with
precautions.
,c.Highly radioactive & should be isolated as much as possible.
d.Mildly radioactive & should be treated with routine safety precautions. - Answer d.Mildly radioactive
& should be treated with routine safety precautions.
When assessing a patient with Graves disease, which clinical data would the nurse expect to find in the
patient's history?
a.Diaphoresis
b.Menorrhagia
c.Dry, brittle hair
d.Sensitivity to cold - Answer a.Diaphoresis
An IV hydrocortisone infusion is started before a client is taken to surgery for a bilateral adrenalectomy.
Which rationale should the nurse explain to the client for the IV infusion?
a. Prevent sodium and water retention after surgery.
b. Prevent clots from forming in the legs during recovery from surgery.
c. Provide substances to respond to stress after removal of the adrenal glands.
d. Stimulate the inflammatory response to promote wound healing. - Answer c. Provide substances to
respond to stress after removal of the adrenal glands.
The nurse is caring for a patient with Addison's disease. Which dietary instruction would the nurse
provide? (NCLEX question)
a.Add extra salt to food.
b.Consume high-potassium foods.
c.Omit protein foods at each meal.
d.Restrict the daily intake of fluids to 1 L. - Answer a.Add extra salt to food.
Which symptom would the nurse monitor for in a patient with Addison's disease?
a.Pyrexia.
b.Hypertension.
,c.Hirsutism.
d.Hypoglycemia. - Answer d.Hypoglycemia.
Which is a nursing responsibility during a 24-hour urine collection for a patient with the diagnosis of
Addison's disease?
a.Keep the patient quiet and reduce stress.
b.Assess the patient for signs and symptoms of edema.
c.Monitor the patient for an elevation in blood pressure.
d.Restrict the patient's fluid intake during the day of the test. - Answer a.Keep the patient quiet and
reduce stress.
Which interventions would the nurse implement when caring for a patient with syndrome of
inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? **Select-all-that-apply**
a.Provide frequent oral care.
b.Institute fall risk precautions.
c.Restrict fluids to 2 L per day.
d.Place the patient in high-Fowler position.
e.Monitor for and report neurological changes. - Answer a.Provide frequent oral care.
b.Institute fall risk precautions.
e.Monitor for and report neurological changes.
Which sign would the nurse expect to observe in a patient with small cell carcinoma of the lung who
develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? **Select-all-that-apply**
a.Oliguria.
b.Seizures.
c.Vomiting.
d.Polydipsia.
e.Polyphagia. - Answer a.Oliguria.
b.Seizures.
c.Vomiting.
, A patient is admitted with a head injury and has large amounts of clear, colorless urine draining from the
urinary catheter. Which physiological response is possibly causing the increased urine output?
(GUESSED)
a.Increased serum glucose.
b.Deficient renal perfusion.
c.Inadequate antidiuretic hormone (ADH secretion).
d.Excessive amounts of intravenous (IV) fluid. - Answer c.Inadequate antidiuretic hormone (ADH
secretion).
The nurse is planning care for a patient with diabetes insipidus (DI). Which intervention made by the
nurse requires correction? (GUESSED)
a.Assessing sodium levels
b.Measuring urine output
c.Restricting fluids at night
d.Changing positions slowly - Answer c.Restricting fluids at night
A health care team is caring for a patient with diabetes insipidus. Which task is most suitable to be
delegated to a licensed practical nurse (LPN) to provide effective patient care? **Select-all-that-apply**
(GUESSED)
a.Emptying the urinary drainage bag
b.Monitoring urine output
c.Assisting the patient with eating
d.Administration of intravenous fluids
e.Administering oral rehydration medication - Answer a.Emptying the urinary drainage bag
c.Assisting the patient with eating
Which type of hepatitis develops into a chronic form of the disease? Select-all-that-apply. One, some or
all responses any be correct.
a.Hepatitis A
b.Hepatitis B
Complete Solutions.
A patient's cardiac rhythm is sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 34 beats per minute. If the
bradycardia is symptomatic, which of the following findings should the nurse expect the patient to
exhibit?
a.Palpitations
b.Hypertension
c.Warm, flush skin
d.Shortness of breath - Answer d.Shortness of breath
A patient has a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, and his cardiac rhythm is sinus bradycardia with
six to eight premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) perminute. He pattern that the nurse recognizes as
the most characteristic of PVCs is which of the following?
a.An irregular rhythm
b.An inverted T wave
c.A wide, distorted QRS complex
d.An increasingly long PR interval. - Answer c. A wide, distorted QRS complex
A patient in the coronary care unit (CCU) develops ventricular fibrillation. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take first?
a.Perform defibrillation.
b.Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
c.Prepare for synchronized cardioversion.
d.Administer IV antidysrhythmic drugs per protocol. - Answer b.Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Which information about a patient's condition would the nurse consider when providing care to a
patient who just received radioactive iodine for Grave's disease?
a.Not radioactive & can be handled as any individual.
b.Not radioactive at all, but may still transmit some dangerous radiations & must be treated with
precautions.
,c.Highly radioactive & should be isolated as much as possible.
d.Mildly radioactive & should be treated with routine safety precautions. - Answer d.Mildly radioactive
& should be treated with routine safety precautions.
When assessing a patient with Graves disease, which clinical data would the nurse expect to find in the
patient's history?
a.Diaphoresis
b.Menorrhagia
c.Dry, brittle hair
d.Sensitivity to cold - Answer a.Diaphoresis
An IV hydrocortisone infusion is started before a client is taken to surgery for a bilateral adrenalectomy.
Which rationale should the nurse explain to the client for the IV infusion?
a. Prevent sodium and water retention after surgery.
b. Prevent clots from forming in the legs during recovery from surgery.
c. Provide substances to respond to stress after removal of the adrenal glands.
d. Stimulate the inflammatory response to promote wound healing. - Answer c. Provide substances to
respond to stress after removal of the adrenal glands.
The nurse is caring for a patient with Addison's disease. Which dietary instruction would the nurse
provide? (NCLEX question)
a.Add extra salt to food.
b.Consume high-potassium foods.
c.Omit protein foods at each meal.
d.Restrict the daily intake of fluids to 1 L. - Answer a.Add extra salt to food.
Which symptom would the nurse monitor for in a patient with Addison's disease?
a.Pyrexia.
b.Hypertension.
,c.Hirsutism.
d.Hypoglycemia. - Answer d.Hypoglycemia.
Which is a nursing responsibility during a 24-hour urine collection for a patient with the diagnosis of
Addison's disease?
a.Keep the patient quiet and reduce stress.
b.Assess the patient for signs and symptoms of edema.
c.Monitor the patient for an elevation in blood pressure.
d.Restrict the patient's fluid intake during the day of the test. - Answer a.Keep the patient quiet and
reduce stress.
Which interventions would the nurse implement when caring for a patient with syndrome of
inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? **Select-all-that-apply**
a.Provide frequent oral care.
b.Institute fall risk precautions.
c.Restrict fluids to 2 L per day.
d.Place the patient in high-Fowler position.
e.Monitor for and report neurological changes. - Answer a.Provide frequent oral care.
b.Institute fall risk precautions.
e.Monitor for and report neurological changes.
Which sign would the nurse expect to observe in a patient with small cell carcinoma of the lung who
develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? **Select-all-that-apply**
a.Oliguria.
b.Seizures.
c.Vomiting.
d.Polydipsia.
e.Polyphagia. - Answer a.Oliguria.
b.Seizures.
c.Vomiting.
, A patient is admitted with a head injury and has large amounts of clear, colorless urine draining from the
urinary catheter. Which physiological response is possibly causing the increased urine output?
(GUESSED)
a.Increased serum glucose.
b.Deficient renal perfusion.
c.Inadequate antidiuretic hormone (ADH secretion).
d.Excessive amounts of intravenous (IV) fluid. - Answer c.Inadequate antidiuretic hormone (ADH
secretion).
The nurse is planning care for a patient with diabetes insipidus (DI). Which intervention made by the
nurse requires correction? (GUESSED)
a.Assessing sodium levels
b.Measuring urine output
c.Restricting fluids at night
d.Changing positions slowly - Answer c.Restricting fluids at night
A health care team is caring for a patient with diabetes insipidus. Which task is most suitable to be
delegated to a licensed practical nurse (LPN) to provide effective patient care? **Select-all-that-apply**
(GUESSED)
a.Emptying the urinary drainage bag
b.Monitoring urine output
c.Assisting the patient with eating
d.Administration of intravenous fluids
e.Administering oral rehydration medication - Answer a.Emptying the urinary drainage bag
c.Assisting the patient with eating
Which type of hepatitis develops into a chronic form of the disease? Select-all-that-apply. One, some or
all responses any be correct.
a.Hepatitis A
b.Hepatitis B
