Pathophysiology Module 2 Test Exam Solution Manual Fully Solved Latest Update (2025-2026)
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding adaptive changes of cells? Cells can
adapt to changes in the environment by: - Answers catabolism
A nurse is discussing the process of protein catabolism, which of the following is the nurse describing? -
Answers Ubiquitin-proteosome pathway.
While caring for a pregnant patient, the nurse realizes that the hypertrophy of the uterus myometrium
is called: - Answers physiologic hypertrophy.
If a child presents to the emergency department with mercury poisoning, which item should the nurse
question the child about ingesting? - Answers Fish
A pregnant patient asks the nurse what type of fish is good for her and the baby. How should the nurse
respond? - Answers Canned tuna.
A patient presents to the emergency department after taking cocaine and amphetamines. The nurse will
assess for signs and symptoms typical with: - Answers psychomotor and CNS stimulation
Which of the following injuries will the nurse provide the most care for in the emergency department or
healthcare settings? - Answers Blunt force.
If a patient presents with an asphyxial injury, what type of injury will the nurse expect? - Answers
Drowning.
A patient has hemosiderosis. What principle should the nurse remember while planning care? This
patient has excessive: - Answers iron.
A patient has jaundice. Which lab result is most critical for the nurse to monitor? - Answers Bilirubin.
A patient has gout. Which lab result should the nurse monitor? - Answers Uric acid
A patient has tuberculous pulmonary infection. What type of necrosis can the nurse expect to occur in
the patients lung? - Answers Caseous.
A nurse recalls adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: - Answers protect cells from injury.
Feedback: Adaptive cellular mechanisms help cells adjust to environmental changes, thus protecting
them from injury.
When a patient asks what is cellular atrophy, how should the nurse respond? - Answers a decrease in
cell size. Feedback: Cellular atrophy involves a decrease in cell size or cell shrinkage.
An individual immobilized in bed for a prolonged time from damage to the spinal cord may experience
atrophy in which of the following? - Answers Skeletal muscles
Feedback: Lack of nerve stimulation to skeletal muscles results in muscle atrophy.
, If a patient has chronic malnutrition, the process of atrophy is accomplished through which of the
following processes? - Answers Formation of autophagic vacuoles
Feedback: Atrophy is accomplished through the production of enzymes in autophagic vacuoles that
digest cellular contents.
A nurse is teaching staff about compensatory hyperplasia, which information should the nurse include?
In compensatory hyperplasia, growth factors stimulate cell division in response to: - Answers tissue loss.
Feedback: In response to tissue loss, surrounding cells are stimulated to replace the lost tissue.
If a patient has pathologic hyperplasia, what does the nurse suspect is the cause? - Answers Excessive
hormonal stimulation.
Feedback: Pathologic hyperplasia is the abnormal proliferation of normal cells, usually in response to
excessive hormonal stimulation or growth factors on target cells
A patient has an increased cardiac workload related to high blood pressure (hypertension), what
adaptive process does the nurse expect to occur in the patients myocardial cells in the left ventricle? -
Answers Hypertrophy.
Feedback:
In response to the increased workload of hypertension, myocardial cells will hypertrophy in order to
pump harder.
When a patient asks the nurse what hypertrophy means, how should the nurse reply? The process of
hypertrophy involves: - Answers an increase in cell size.
Feedback: Cellular hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size.
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding dysplasia? Dysplasia: - Answers
indicates severe cancer is present. Feedback:
Importantly, however, the term dysplasia does not indicate cancer and dysplasia may or may not
progress to cancer.
When a staff member asks a nurse what metaplasia is, what is the nurses best response? Metaplasia
involves the replacement of normal cells by: - Answers another type of cell. Feedback:
Metaplasia is the replacement of normal cells by another type of cell.
Which of the following causes metaplasia in a person? - Answers Cell injury from noxious stimuli.
Feedback: Metaplasia occurs in response to repetitive exposure to toxic stimuli.
Which statement indicates a nurse needs more teaching regarding atypical hyperplasia (dysplasia)?
Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in: - Answers cell secretions. Feedback: Cell secretions
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding adaptive changes of cells? Cells can
adapt to changes in the environment by: - Answers catabolism
A nurse is discussing the process of protein catabolism, which of the following is the nurse describing? -
Answers Ubiquitin-proteosome pathway.
While caring for a pregnant patient, the nurse realizes that the hypertrophy of the uterus myometrium
is called: - Answers physiologic hypertrophy.
If a child presents to the emergency department with mercury poisoning, which item should the nurse
question the child about ingesting? - Answers Fish
A pregnant patient asks the nurse what type of fish is good for her and the baby. How should the nurse
respond? - Answers Canned tuna.
A patient presents to the emergency department after taking cocaine and amphetamines. The nurse will
assess for signs and symptoms typical with: - Answers psychomotor and CNS stimulation
Which of the following injuries will the nurse provide the most care for in the emergency department or
healthcare settings? - Answers Blunt force.
If a patient presents with an asphyxial injury, what type of injury will the nurse expect? - Answers
Drowning.
A patient has hemosiderosis. What principle should the nurse remember while planning care? This
patient has excessive: - Answers iron.
A patient has jaundice. Which lab result is most critical for the nurse to monitor? - Answers Bilirubin.
A patient has gout. Which lab result should the nurse monitor? - Answers Uric acid
A patient has tuberculous pulmonary infection. What type of necrosis can the nurse expect to occur in
the patients lung? - Answers Caseous.
A nurse recalls adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: - Answers protect cells from injury.
Feedback: Adaptive cellular mechanisms help cells adjust to environmental changes, thus protecting
them from injury.
When a patient asks what is cellular atrophy, how should the nurse respond? - Answers a decrease in
cell size. Feedback: Cellular atrophy involves a decrease in cell size or cell shrinkage.
An individual immobilized in bed for a prolonged time from damage to the spinal cord may experience
atrophy in which of the following? - Answers Skeletal muscles
Feedback: Lack of nerve stimulation to skeletal muscles results in muscle atrophy.
, If a patient has chronic malnutrition, the process of atrophy is accomplished through which of the
following processes? - Answers Formation of autophagic vacuoles
Feedback: Atrophy is accomplished through the production of enzymes in autophagic vacuoles that
digest cellular contents.
A nurse is teaching staff about compensatory hyperplasia, which information should the nurse include?
In compensatory hyperplasia, growth factors stimulate cell division in response to: - Answers tissue loss.
Feedback: In response to tissue loss, surrounding cells are stimulated to replace the lost tissue.
If a patient has pathologic hyperplasia, what does the nurse suspect is the cause? - Answers Excessive
hormonal stimulation.
Feedback: Pathologic hyperplasia is the abnormal proliferation of normal cells, usually in response to
excessive hormonal stimulation or growth factors on target cells
A patient has an increased cardiac workload related to high blood pressure (hypertension), what
adaptive process does the nurse expect to occur in the patients myocardial cells in the left ventricle? -
Answers Hypertrophy.
Feedback:
In response to the increased workload of hypertension, myocardial cells will hypertrophy in order to
pump harder.
When a patient asks the nurse what hypertrophy means, how should the nurse reply? The process of
hypertrophy involves: - Answers an increase in cell size.
Feedback: Cellular hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size.
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding dysplasia? Dysplasia: - Answers
indicates severe cancer is present. Feedback:
Importantly, however, the term dysplasia does not indicate cancer and dysplasia may or may not
progress to cancer.
When a staff member asks a nurse what metaplasia is, what is the nurses best response? Metaplasia
involves the replacement of normal cells by: - Answers another type of cell. Feedback:
Metaplasia is the replacement of normal cells by another type of cell.
Which of the following causes metaplasia in a person? - Answers Cell injury from noxious stimuli.
Feedback: Metaplasia occurs in response to repetitive exposure to toxic stimuli.
Which statement indicates a nurse needs more teaching regarding atypical hyperplasia (dysplasia)?
Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in: - Answers cell secretions. Feedback: Cell secretions
