Cell Basics
Cell theory
all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
3 principles- all organisms are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the
basic unit of structure and organization in organisms, and cells arise from
preexisting cells
Prokaryotic cells
do not contain any internal membrane bound organelles, generally single
celled
Cell envelope- plasma membrane covered by cell wall
Cytoplasmic region- containing the genome (DNA), ribosomes, and proteins
Prokaryotes can carry extrachromosomal DNA called plasmids
Flagella (propels cell) or pili (adherence) can project from the cell surface
Eukaryotic cells
contain membrane bound nucleus and organelles (Plants)
Fun fact: The largest cell in the world is the ostrich egg
Cell size impacts cell transport (smaller cell) and cell efficiency (bigger cell).
Eukaryotic cells are like a house with different rooms for different functions.
They include a variety of membrane bound structures, referred to as the
endomembrane system.
The cytoplasm (everything inside the cell) = cell content, comprised of
organelles suspended in the gel-like, cytoskeleton
The cell membrane is a plasma membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of the
cell.
Cell Basics 1
Cell theory
all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
3 principles- all organisms are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the
basic unit of structure and organization in organisms, and cells arise from
preexisting cells
Prokaryotic cells
do not contain any internal membrane bound organelles, generally single
celled
Cell envelope- plasma membrane covered by cell wall
Cytoplasmic region- containing the genome (DNA), ribosomes, and proteins
Prokaryotes can carry extrachromosomal DNA called plasmids
Flagella (propels cell) or pili (adherence) can project from the cell surface
Eukaryotic cells
contain membrane bound nucleus and organelles (Plants)
Fun fact: The largest cell in the world is the ostrich egg
Cell size impacts cell transport (smaller cell) and cell efficiency (bigger cell).
Eukaryotic cells are like a house with different rooms for different functions.
They include a variety of membrane bound structures, referred to as the
endomembrane system.
The cytoplasm (everything inside the cell) = cell content, comprised of
organelles suspended in the gel-like, cytoskeleton
The cell membrane is a plasma membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of the
cell.
Cell Basics 1
