546 Midterm 1 Exam Questions and
Complete Solutions Graded A+
penumbra - Answer: area just outside area of infarction that has decreased oxygen supply
is thrombotic or embolic stroke more common? - Answer: thrombotic
thrombotic stroke - Answer: blood clot develops on arterial wall of a brain blood vessel due to
plaque/fatty deposit build up
embolic stroke - Answer: plaque/fatty buildup from the body breaks off and blocks blood flow in a brain
blood vessel
hemorrhagic stroke - Answer: stroke in which injury is due to bleeding, leaking or rupture of a blood
vessel
ischemic stroke - Answer: stroke in which blood supply is cut off
what percentage of strokes are ischemic? - Answer: 80-85%
number one risk factor for stroke - Answer: hypertension
transient ischemic attack - Answer: episode of temporary and focal cerebral dysfunction of vascular
origin, usually lasting 2-15 minutes, definitely less than 24 hours
ischemia - Answer: area with a lack of blood supply
infarction - Answer: area of tissue necrosis
stroke survival rate - Answer: 85%
, stroke survivors have what chance of having another stroke within 5 years? - Answer: 30%
stroke - Answer: rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function, lasting more
than 24 hours, with no apparent cause other than vascular origin
is a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke more deadly? - Answer: hemorrhagic
what artery is most often affected with stroke? - Answer: MCA
neuromuscular causes of weakness post-stroke - Answer: - lack of appropriate muscle activation
- altered motor unit recruitment and discharge frequency
- earlier onset of central or peripheral fatigue
musculoskeletal causes of weakness post-stroke - Answer: - changes in connective tissue
- shortening of sarcomeres
- atrophy secondary to inactivity and immobility
with MCA stroke, arm or leg is more affected? - Answer: arm
with MCA stroke, more distal or proximal involvement? - Answer: distal
with MCA stroke, more fine motor or gross motor involvement? - Answer: fine motor
treatment for post-stroke weakness - Answer: task-oriented functional training
muscle tone - Answer: resistance to passive stretch
hypotonia - Answer: low muscle stiffness/resistance
Complete Solutions Graded A+
penumbra - Answer: area just outside area of infarction that has decreased oxygen supply
is thrombotic or embolic stroke more common? - Answer: thrombotic
thrombotic stroke - Answer: blood clot develops on arterial wall of a brain blood vessel due to
plaque/fatty deposit build up
embolic stroke - Answer: plaque/fatty buildup from the body breaks off and blocks blood flow in a brain
blood vessel
hemorrhagic stroke - Answer: stroke in which injury is due to bleeding, leaking or rupture of a blood
vessel
ischemic stroke - Answer: stroke in which blood supply is cut off
what percentage of strokes are ischemic? - Answer: 80-85%
number one risk factor for stroke - Answer: hypertension
transient ischemic attack - Answer: episode of temporary and focal cerebral dysfunction of vascular
origin, usually lasting 2-15 minutes, definitely less than 24 hours
ischemia - Answer: area with a lack of blood supply
infarction - Answer: area of tissue necrosis
stroke survival rate - Answer: 85%
, stroke survivors have what chance of having another stroke within 5 years? - Answer: 30%
stroke - Answer: rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function, lasting more
than 24 hours, with no apparent cause other than vascular origin
is a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke more deadly? - Answer: hemorrhagic
what artery is most often affected with stroke? - Answer: MCA
neuromuscular causes of weakness post-stroke - Answer: - lack of appropriate muscle activation
- altered motor unit recruitment and discharge frequency
- earlier onset of central or peripheral fatigue
musculoskeletal causes of weakness post-stroke - Answer: - changes in connective tissue
- shortening of sarcomeres
- atrophy secondary to inactivity and immobility
with MCA stroke, arm or leg is more affected? - Answer: arm
with MCA stroke, more distal or proximal involvement? - Answer: distal
with MCA stroke, more fine motor or gross motor involvement? - Answer: fine motor
treatment for post-stroke weakness - Answer: task-oriented functional training
muscle tone - Answer: resistance to passive stretch
hypotonia - Answer: low muscle stiffness/resistance
