FDNY Crash Course Week 1 questions and answers
with solutions 2025
Ventilation Support Group - ANSWER 6th ladder company assigned on 10-77
Brownstones Roof Access - ANSWER AAA
A: Aerial
A: 2nd Aerial
A: Adjoining building(preferably one offering easiest access to interior)
Note: If 1st due is TL, TL bucket is first choice for roof access (bring saw & rope)
New Type Class "A" MD AKA - ANSWER Apartment Houses
Apartment Houses Characteristics - ANSWER - Built on or after 04/18/1929
- 1930-40 firewalls required to underside of roof boards. After 1940 to the top of roof boards
- Area enclosed by firewalls 3000sqft
- Height Limitation 6 stories or 75ft (bypassed for buildings built on grades)
- Secondary Egress: FE's possibly >10
Auto Exposure Definition - ANSWER The extension of fire via the exterior of a building from a fire
originating in the same building
NFPMD's Engine apparatus positioning - ANSWER AS CLOSE TO THE FIRE BUILDING AS POSSIBLE
NFPMD's Exception to stretching 1st HL up int stairs - ANSWER When fire is actively endangering civilians
evacuating building via windows or FE and immediate exterior water application is needed to protect
them
Note: A 2nd HL should then be promptly stretched to the interior of the building
NFPMDs Roof HL uses - ANSWER - SHOULD ONLY be used to:
,1) Prevent fire from extending past the trench
2) To protect exposures
3) To extinguish fire that cannot be reached from below, such as a cornice fire
Note: HL shouldn't be operated into vent holes from the roof as this decreases vent and nullifies action
of lines operating on top floor
NFPMD's How to Vent windows - ANSWER - Windows should be opened 2/3's from the top and 1/3 from
the bottom to allow heat and smoke to vent and cool air to enter the room.
- If there is a tolerable smoke condition and very little heat in the apartment and the windows cannot be
opened, they should be left intact after a search has been made
NFPMD's Conditions Requiring Greater Resources - ANSWER 1) Special call 1+1 for fire on 2 floors
2) If progress is not made on atleast one floor in a short period of time transmit 2nd
3) Fire in shaft extending into 1 exposure, transmit 2nd
4) Fire in shaft extending into 2 exposures, transmit 3rd
Conditions warranting exterior stream - ANSWER 1. Fire blocks building entry
2. Delayed forcible entry to building
3. Delayed forcible entry to fire area
4. No progress by interior hoselines
5. Wind-impacted conditions
6. Advanced cellar fire
7. Trapped occupant or member
8. Exterior fire between buildings
Exterior stream operation - ANSWER When conditions warrant AND there is a window or other opening
accessing the fire area READILY AVAILABLE
,1. Members inside the building should be notified that an exterior stream will be utilized and positioned
to a safe area prior to water application.
2. The nozzle should be fully opened and held steady to create a tight stream which minimizes air
entrainment. There should be no circular or whipping motion
3. The stream should be operated at a steep angle, by placing members as close to the structure as
possible.
4. The stream should aim the water towards the ceiling.
5. After applying water to the ceiling, the stream should be moved upward towards the top of the
window opening (the lintel) and operated for a few seconds off the lintel.
6. Exterior handlines should only be used as long as necessary to visually see improvement in the fire
conditions. Normally this is approximately 10 seconds
OLT cellar fire exception to 1st HL down int stairs - ANSWER When an exterior entrance exists, especially
in the front of the building, that entrance should be utilized if it provides the quickest access to the cellar
to extinguish the fire. The use of an exterior cellar entrance at an advanced cellar fire is frequently safer
and more efficient to initially attack the fire.
Note: If this is done the second hoseline should be stretched to the first floor to protect the public hall,
interior
stairs, and the first floor, allowing the occupants to leave the building, and the ladder company to
perform VES.
Why collapse of floors in OLTs is usually not a problem - ANSWER Because of the short span of floor
beams (25'), and the fact that the floors are not heavily loaded
NLT MOST COMMON roof - ANSWER Has the top floor ceiling several feet below the main roof beams.
Roof boards are fastened directly to the top of the roof beams. Sturdy roof.
Inverted Raised or Reversed roof - ANSWER The main roof beams are at the ceiling level and a
framework
is raised above these beams with the roof boards attached. This roof is normally springy, but it permits
the roof
to be pitched so that water will run off.
, Note: When there is a heavy body of fire in the cockloft, expect at least a partial collapse of the inverted
roof. Since the inverted roof is constructed of 2 x 4's, they will burn away faster than the main roof
beams and the roof section will come to rest on these beams
NLT Size of roof opening - ANSWER Approximately 3x6' coffin cut is RECOMMENDED.
Note: Two saws should be put into operation promptly to prevent lateral spread of fire in the cockloft
NFPMDs LCO SHOULD carry - ANSWER K tool
Trench cut dimensions - ANSWER - ATLEAST 3ft wide & cut from wall to wall or other suitable firestop
- ABOUT 20ft from the initial vent hole. It should be cut at the narrowest available roof section taking
advantage of bulkheads, outside walls, skylights etc (NOT FIREWALLS constructed within the structure)
Trench Cut Principles - ANSWER - 1 or more can be used
- Defensive operation
- SHOULD be pre-cut but not opened until fire shows at inspection holes (two or more on fire side of
trench)
- MUST be properly located and cut wall to wall or other suitable firestop (NO FIREWALLS)
- IF first trench is doubtful retreat and start a 2nd trench at greater distance
Roof HL for trench cuts - ANSWER Charged line should be in position on the roof to protect personnel
and the trench opening. This line may be operated into the trench in a brief sweeping side to side
motion to prevent fire from extending across the opening. Only after precautions are taken to prevent
injury to interior operating forces
8 is great - ANSWER At HRFPMDs Stairs shall be used when the fire is on the seventh floor or below.
HRFPMDs 1st Ladder ________ recall the elevators...... - ANSWER The first arriving ladder
company shall recall the elevators, whether or not they will be used.
with solutions 2025
Ventilation Support Group - ANSWER 6th ladder company assigned on 10-77
Brownstones Roof Access - ANSWER AAA
A: Aerial
A: 2nd Aerial
A: Adjoining building(preferably one offering easiest access to interior)
Note: If 1st due is TL, TL bucket is first choice for roof access (bring saw & rope)
New Type Class "A" MD AKA - ANSWER Apartment Houses
Apartment Houses Characteristics - ANSWER - Built on or after 04/18/1929
- 1930-40 firewalls required to underside of roof boards. After 1940 to the top of roof boards
- Area enclosed by firewalls 3000sqft
- Height Limitation 6 stories or 75ft (bypassed for buildings built on grades)
- Secondary Egress: FE's possibly >10
Auto Exposure Definition - ANSWER The extension of fire via the exterior of a building from a fire
originating in the same building
NFPMD's Engine apparatus positioning - ANSWER AS CLOSE TO THE FIRE BUILDING AS POSSIBLE
NFPMD's Exception to stretching 1st HL up int stairs - ANSWER When fire is actively endangering civilians
evacuating building via windows or FE and immediate exterior water application is needed to protect
them
Note: A 2nd HL should then be promptly stretched to the interior of the building
NFPMDs Roof HL uses - ANSWER - SHOULD ONLY be used to:
,1) Prevent fire from extending past the trench
2) To protect exposures
3) To extinguish fire that cannot be reached from below, such as a cornice fire
Note: HL shouldn't be operated into vent holes from the roof as this decreases vent and nullifies action
of lines operating on top floor
NFPMD's How to Vent windows - ANSWER - Windows should be opened 2/3's from the top and 1/3 from
the bottom to allow heat and smoke to vent and cool air to enter the room.
- If there is a tolerable smoke condition and very little heat in the apartment and the windows cannot be
opened, they should be left intact after a search has been made
NFPMD's Conditions Requiring Greater Resources - ANSWER 1) Special call 1+1 for fire on 2 floors
2) If progress is not made on atleast one floor in a short period of time transmit 2nd
3) Fire in shaft extending into 1 exposure, transmit 2nd
4) Fire in shaft extending into 2 exposures, transmit 3rd
Conditions warranting exterior stream - ANSWER 1. Fire blocks building entry
2. Delayed forcible entry to building
3. Delayed forcible entry to fire area
4. No progress by interior hoselines
5. Wind-impacted conditions
6. Advanced cellar fire
7. Trapped occupant or member
8. Exterior fire between buildings
Exterior stream operation - ANSWER When conditions warrant AND there is a window or other opening
accessing the fire area READILY AVAILABLE
,1. Members inside the building should be notified that an exterior stream will be utilized and positioned
to a safe area prior to water application.
2. The nozzle should be fully opened and held steady to create a tight stream which minimizes air
entrainment. There should be no circular or whipping motion
3. The stream should be operated at a steep angle, by placing members as close to the structure as
possible.
4. The stream should aim the water towards the ceiling.
5. After applying water to the ceiling, the stream should be moved upward towards the top of the
window opening (the lintel) and operated for a few seconds off the lintel.
6. Exterior handlines should only be used as long as necessary to visually see improvement in the fire
conditions. Normally this is approximately 10 seconds
OLT cellar fire exception to 1st HL down int stairs - ANSWER When an exterior entrance exists, especially
in the front of the building, that entrance should be utilized if it provides the quickest access to the cellar
to extinguish the fire. The use of an exterior cellar entrance at an advanced cellar fire is frequently safer
and more efficient to initially attack the fire.
Note: If this is done the second hoseline should be stretched to the first floor to protect the public hall,
interior
stairs, and the first floor, allowing the occupants to leave the building, and the ladder company to
perform VES.
Why collapse of floors in OLTs is usually not a problem - ANSWER Because of the short span of floor
beams (25'), and the fact that the floors are not heavily loaded
NLT MOST COMMON roof - ANSWER Has the top floor ceiling several feet below the main roof beams.
Roof boards are fastened directly to the top of the roof beams. Sturdy roof.
Inverted Raised or Reversed roof - ANSWER The main roof beams are at the ceiling level and a
framework
is raised above these beams with the roof boards attached. This roof is normally springy, but it permits
the roof
to be pitched so that water will run off.
, Note: When there is a heavy body of fire in the cockloft, expect at least a partial collapse of the inverted
roof. Since the inverted roof is constructed of 2 x 4's, they will burn away faster than the main roof
beams and the roof section will come to rest on these beams
NLT Size of roof opening - ANSWER Approximately 3x6' coffin cut is RECOMMENDED.
Note: Two saws should be put into operation promptly to prevent lateral spread of fire in the cockloft
NFPMDs LCO SHOULD carry - ANSWER K tool
Trench cut dimensions - ANSWER - ATLEAST 3ft wide & cut from wall to wall or other suitable firestop
- ABOUT 20ft from the initial vent hole. It should be cut at the narrowest available roof section taking
advantage of bulkheads, outside walls, skylights etc (NOT FIREWALLS constructed within the structure)
Trench Cut Principles - ANSWER - 1 or more can be used
- Defensive operation
- SHOULD be pre-cut but not opened until fire shows at inspection holes (two or more on fire side of
trench)
- MUST be properly located and cut wall to wall or other suitable firestop (NO FIREWALLS)
- IF first trench is doubtful retreat and start a 2nd trench at greater distance
Roof HL for trench cuts - ANSWER Charged line should be in position on the roof to protect personnel
and the trench opening. This line may be operated into the trench in a brief sweeping side to side
motion to prevent fire from extending across the opening. Only after precautions are taken to prevent
injury to interior operating forces
8 is great - ANSWER At HRFPMDs Stairs shall be used when the fire is on the seventh floor or below.
HRFPMDs 1st Ladder ________ recall the elevators...... - ANSWER The first arriving ladder
company shall recall the elevators, whether or not they will be used.
