BCAT Exam test questions & Answers latest updated
What is being done in the ABA principle of Positive reinforcement? - ANSWER -ADD
pleasant stimulus to INCREASE/maintain behavior
What is being done in the ABA principle of Negative reinforcement? - ANSWER -
Remove aversive stimulus to INCREASE/maintain behavior
What is being done in the ABA principle of Positive punishment? - ANSWER -ADD
aversive stimulus to Decrease behavior
What is being done in the ABA principle of negative punishment? - ANSWER -Remove
stimulus to decrease behavior
What is an unconditioned (primary) reinforcer? - ANSWER -INNATELY reinforcing
stimulus; unlearned; fulfills basic needs
What is a conditioned (secondary) reinforcer? - ANSWER -Learned reinforcer; neutral
stimulus gained reinforcing properties by being paired with something
What is 3-term contingency? - ANSWER -ABC = Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence
What are important when considering the effectiveness of possible reinforcers? -
ANSWER -1) Deprivation
2) Satiation
What is discriminative stimulus? - ANSWER -refers to a stimulus that is present when a
particular response will be reinforced.
What is Stimulus delta? - ANSWER -refers to a stimulus that is present when a
particular response will not be reinforced
What is Stimulus Discrimination Training? - ANSWER -SDT is reinforcing the
correct/desired response AND putting the incorrect re. on extinction
Explain stimulus control? - ANSWER -Stimulus control refers to when responses are
more likely to occur due to the presence, rather than the absence, of the discriminative
stimulus.
What does Discrete Trial Training consist of? - ANSWER -Break down skills into
smaller teachable parts
Teach each skill component until mastery
Intensive teaching sessions
Use of and fading of prompts when necessary
Increase skills through reinforcement strategies
Instructor-lead
, In the 3-term contingency, what makes a good Antecedent? - ANSWER -Performed by
instructor
clear, concise, consistent
In the 3-term contingency, describe "Behavior". - ANSWER -Performed by consumer
Can either be correct or incorrect
In the 3-term contingency, what does the "Consequence" consist of? - ANSWER -
Performed by the instructor,the Consequence involves either the reinforcement or
correction of the behavior
Discrete Trial is also known as? - ANSWER -Learn Unit (LU)
Inter-trial interval refers to? - ANSWER -The time between the end of one trial and the
beginning of the next
Describe Natural Environment Training (NET). - ANSWER -Consumer-lead
Capture and contrive moments to teach them skills in their natural environment.
What is key in Fluency-Based Training? - ANSWER -The fluid combination of accuracy
and speed to reflect skill competency are important in this concept.
Give two examples of Fluency-based training. - ANSWER -SAFMEDS (Say all fast
minute each day shuffle)
Tacts
What are several ways to conduct a Preference Assessment? - ANSWER -Ask the
person what they prefer
Ask the caregivers what the person prefers
Watch them during leisure time
Trial-based preference assessments
Describe Preference Assessment. - ANSWER -Used to identify potential reinforcers
that can be used to motivate behavior; and it should be conducted daily/everyday
because known motivators may not always work
What is a 'Prompt'? - ANSWER -Prompts are an antecedent stimulus used to occasion
a correct response
What is the idea of Most-to-Least Prompting? - ANSWER -Intervention style beginning
with the most intrusive-physical prompt and transition to the least intrusive prompt
, What is the Time-Delay prompt? - ANSWER -A method of intervention in which, over-
time, the time between the instruction and prompt is lengthened
What is Errorless learning? - ANSWER -Typically used when learning a new skill, this
method of intervention ensures a correct response by providing the prompt immediately
after instruction
How is the Backward Chaining procedure in a task-analysis conducted? - ANSWER -
The instructor completes all of the steps except the last, where then the consumer will
themself will complete
How is the Forward Chaining procedure in a task-analysis conducted? - ANSWER -The
consumer performs the first step, the the instructor completes the rest.
How is the Total-task Chaining procedure in a task-analysis conducted? - ANSWER -
Consumer has the opportunity to complete all steps independently, instructor prompts
as needed
What is Shaping? - ANSWER -Reinforcing successive approximations to a terminal
behavior (in other words, reinforcing responses that are similar/approximate to the
desired-terminal behavior)
Describe Alternative & Augmentative Communication? - ANSWER -Alternative: any
communication that replaces verbal speech
Augmentative: any communication that supplements verbal speech
What form of communication is used to get the consumers' needs met? - ANSWER -
Functional Communication
What are the Four Verbal Operants/ behaviors? - ANSWER -Tact
Intraverbal
Mand
Echoic
Which verbal operant is the most complex to teach? - ANSWER -Intraverbal
What is another term for the verbal operant "tact"? - ANSWER -Label
Does the verbal operant "Tact" only refer/apply to tangible objects? - ANSWER -No
Not only can a tact define an object, but it may also describe the quality of such (e.g.
pretty, odorous, hot/cold).
What verbal operant is being alluded to these descriptions:
, - evoked by an auditory verbal discriminative stimulus
- has point-to-point correspondance - ANSWER -Echoic
In the U.S., what is the ratio of people with autism compared to those who don't? -
ANSWER -1 in 68 in the U.S.
Are boys or girls more affected by autism? - ANSWER -Boys
What is ABA? - ANSWER -"Applied Behavior Analysis" refers to the scientific and
evidence-based interventions aimed towards 1) applying the principles of behavior
systematically to improve social behavior, and 2) identify variables responsible for
behavior change.
Give 4 examples of non-evidence based interventions for ASD. - ANSWER -Animal
assisted therapy
Play/Floor time therapy
Facilitated Communication
GFCF Diet
What is point to point correspondence? - ANSWER -the response has identical
beginning+middle+end as the stimulus
What verbal operant is being alluded to by these descriptions:
- evoked by a motivating operant
- followed by a specific reinforcement
- also known as a request - ANSWER -Mand
Curriculum Modification refers/means... - ANSWER -Changing what the student is
expected to learn//
Changing the method of instruction
IEP - ANSWER -Individualized Education Plan/Program
Operation Definition - ANSWER -a definition of a behavior that is observable AND
measurable
What are the four functions of behavior? - ANSWER -S
E
A
T
Antecedent Intervention Examples (6) - ANSWER -Offering Choices
Pre-mack
Task Interspersal (Behavior Momentum)
Proving Reinforcement Noncontingently
What is being done in the ABA principle of Positive reinforcement? - ANSWER -ADD
pleasant stimulus to INCREASE/maintain behavior
What is being done in the ABA principle of Negative reinforcement? - ANSWER -
Remove aversive stimulus to INCREASE/maintain behavior
What is being done in the ABA principle of Positive punishment? - ANSWER -ADD
aversive stimulus to Decrease behavior
What is being done in the ABA principle of negative punishment? - ANSWER -Remove
stimulus to decrease behavior
What is an unconditioned (primary) reinforcer? - ANSWER -INNATELY reinforcing
stimulus; unlearned; fulfills basic needs
What is a conditioned (secondary) reinforcer? - ANSWER -Learned reinforcer; neutral
stimulus gained reinforcing properties by being paired with something
What is 3-term contingency? - ANSWER -ABC = Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence
What are important when considering the effectiveness of possible reinforcers? -
ANSWER -1) Deprivation
2) Satiation
What is discriminative stimulus? - ANSWER -refers to a stimulus that is present when a
particular response will be reinforced.
What is Stimulus delta? - ANSWER -refers to a stimulus that is present when a
particular response will not be reinforced
What is Stimulus Discrimination Training? - ANSWER -SDT is reinforcing the
correct/desired response AND putting the incorrect re. on extinction
Explain stimulus control? - ANSWER -Stimulus control refers to when responses are
more likely to occur due to the presence, rather than the absence, of the discriminative
stimulus.
What does Discrete Trial Training consist of? - ANSWER -Break down skills into
smaller teachable parts
Teach each skill component until mastery
Intensive teaching sessions
Use of and fading of prompts when necessary
Increase skills through reinforcement strategies
Instructor-lead
, In the 3-term contingency, what makes a good Antecedent? - ANSWER -Performed by
instructor
clear, concise, consistent
In the 3-term contingency, describe "Behavior". - ANSWER -Performed by consumer
Can either be correct or incorrect
In the 3-term contingency, what does the "Consequence" consist of? - ANSWER -
Performed by the instructor,the Consequence involves either the reinforcement or
correction of the behavior
Discrete Trial is also known as? - ANSWER -Learn Unit (LU)
Inter-trial interval refers to? - ANSWER -The time between the end of one trial and the
beginning of the next
Describe Natural Environment Training (NET). - ANSWER -Consumer-lead
Capture and contrive moments to teach them skills in their natural environment.
What is key in Fluency-Based Training? - ANSWER -The fluid combination of accuracy
and speed to reflect skill competency are important in this concept.
Give two examples of Fluency-based training. - ANSWER -SAFMEDS (Say all fast
minute each day shuffle)
Tacts
What are several ways to conduct a Preference Assessment? - ANSWER -Ask the
person what they prefer
Ask the caregivers what the person prefers
Watch them during leisure time
Trial-based preference assessments
Describe Preference Assessment. - ANSWER -Used to identify potential reinforcers
that can be used to motivate behavior; and it should be conducted daily/everyday
because known motivators may not always work
What is a 'Prompt'? - ANSWER -Prompts are an antecedent stimulus used to occasion
a correct response
What is the idea of Most-to-Least Prompting? - ANSWER -Intervention style beginning
with the most intrusive-physical prompt and transition to the least intrusive prompt
, What is the Time-Delay prompt? - ANSWER -A method of intervention in which, over-
time, the time between the instruction and prompt is lengthened
What is Errorless learning? - ANSWER -Typically used when learning a new skill, this
method of intervention ensures a correct response by providing the prompt immediately
after instruction
How is the Backward Chaining procedure in a task-analysis conducted? - ANSWER -
The instructor completes all of the steps except the last, where then the consumer will
themself will complete
How is the Forward Chaining procedure in a task-analysis conducted? - ANSWER -The
consumer performs the first step, the the instructor completes the rest.
How is the Total-task Chaining procedure in a task-analysis conducted? - ANSWER -
Consumer has the opportunity to complete all steps independently, instructor prompts
as needed
What is Shaping? - ANSWER -Reinforcing successive approximations to a terminal
behavior (in other words, reinforcing responses that are similar/approximate to the
desired-terminal behavior)
Describe Alternative & Augmentative Communication? - ANSWER -Alternative: any
communication that replaces verbal speech
Augmentative: any communication that supplements verbal speech
What form of communication is used to get the consumers' needs met? - ANSWER -
Functional Communication
What are the Four Verbal Operants/ behaviors? - ANSWER -Tact
Intraverbal
Mand
Echoic
Which verbal operant is the most complex to teach? - ANSWER -Intraverbal
What is another term for the verbal operant "tact"? - ANSWER -Label
Does the verbal operant "Tact" only refer/apply to tangible objects? - ANSWER -No
Not only can a tact define an object, but it may also describe the quality of such (e.g.
pretty, odorous, hot/cold).
What verbal operant is being alluded to these descriptions:
, - evoked by an auditory verbal discriminative stimulus
- has point-to-point correspondance - ANSWER -Echoic
In the U.S., what is the ratio of people with autism compared to those who don't? -
ANSWER -1 in 68 in the U.S.
Are boys or girls more affected by autism? - ANSWER -Boys
What is ABA? - ANSWER -"Applied Behavior Analysis" refers to the scientific and
evidence-based interventions aimed towards 1) applying the principles of behavior
systematically to improve social behavior, and 2) identify variables responsible for
behavior change.
Give 4 examples of non-evidence based interventions for ASD. - ANSWER -Animal
assisted therapy
Play/Floor time therapy
Facilitated Communication
GFCF Diet
What is point to point correspondence? - ANSWER -the response has identical
beginning+middle+end as the stimulus
What verbal operant is being alluded to by these descriptions:
- evoked by a motivating operant
- followed by a specific reinforcement
- also known as a request - ANSWER -Mand
Curriculum Modification refers/means... - ANSWER -Changing what the student is
expected to learn//
Changing the method of instruction
IEP - ANSWER -Individualized Education Plan/Program
Operation Definition - ANSWER -a definition of a behavior that is observable AND
measurable
What are the four functions of behavior? - ANSWER -S
E
A
T
Antecedent Intervention Examples (6) - ANSWER -Offering Choices
Pre-mack
Task Interspersal (Behavior Momentum)
Proving Reinforcement Noncontingently
